anaheim-gazette 1923-06-21

CODLIN MOTH AGAIN MAKING ITS APPEARANCE Centers of Infection Are in Orange and Ventura Counties. Although the codlin moth was reported as attacking the English walnut in the Contra Costa section in 1909 by S. W. Foster, it was not until 1918 that this pest appeared in southern California district to a degree exciting the attention of walnut growers. Since that time, however, it has spread to the point where it now appears that it must be regarded as definitely established in a number of the principal walnut districts of southern California and must be taken into consideration as requiring annual control measures. Shortly after its appearance the colleges of agriculture undertook investigations relative to control methods, the work being done by Prof. Ralph E. Smith, who secured a leave of absence in order to develop the new dusting method which he had invented, and by Prof. H. J. Quayle, entomologist of the citrus experiment station. During the past three or four years considerable study has been devoted to this post. Assistance has been rendered by the state department of agriculture in preventing its further spread. The control method which has come into most general use is dust spraying by means of power blowers, using a dust composed by hydrated lime and lead arsenate. For the additional purpose of controlling the aphis, Black-leaf 40 is also an important constituent of the dust used. While fairly satisfactory results have been secured, the percentage of infested nuts in certain sections has remained higher than is desirable, necessitating an increase in the strength of lead arsenate in the dust used during the 1923 season. Investigations have shown that THE NEW HIGHWAY LAW The new highway act marks a great advance in our methods of dealing with state highways. In the effort to cover the entire state quickly on the lines as marked out in the original act the construction of a large mileage was too light, even for the pleasure and tourist traffic, which was then mainly in mind. All such roads went promptly to pieces under the motor-truck traffic, which so promptly developed and which must be the basis for road specifications hereafter. About 365 miles of such road will be completely reconstructed, at a cost of about $27,000 a mile. For all purposes there will be expended during the biennium about $37,000,000, derived from traffice taxes of various kinds and county taxation. This includes work on state highways and county roads. The permissible loading of trucks is fixed at weights which it is hoped, that the roadbeds will carry without destruction, and the principle seems to be established that after highways have once been built by state bond issue they must be maintained by some form of taxation of traffic. The danger from traffic is sought to be minimized by more care in licensing and rigid enforcement of the license laws. Something has been accomplished toward restricting the use of automobiles for felionous purposes by requiring garage keepers to keep certain records and by some other minor provision. Probably more will have to be done in the future. Summarizing, it may be said that the prospect is that by the end of the coming biennium the highway system of the state will be in condition to provide adequately for all the traffic which can be foreseen. INCREASE IN RECEIPTS by means of power blowers, using a dust composed by hydrated lime and lead arsenate. For the additional purpose of controlling the aphis, Black-leaf 40 is also an important constituent of the dust used. While fairly satisfactory results have been secured, the percentage of infested nuts in certain sections has remained higher than is desirable, necessitating an increase in the strength of lead arsenate in the dust used during the 1923 season. Investigations have shown that slightly better control may be had from liquid spraying. However, on account of the use of the dusting method, which has become widespread in the control of walnut aphis, this manner of codlin moth control has become almost universal. For the purpose of aiding in the control of this pest this year, some months ago a campaign, in which the walnut growers' departments of the various farm bureaus, the agricultural extension service, college of agriculture and California Walnut Growers' association are to co-operate, was outlined. The organization last named made a survey of spraying and dusting equipment in the districts where infection occurs and is making an effort to provide adequate equipment for a thorough dusting during the present season. Arrangements have been made whereby the Walnut Growers' Spray Manufacturing company, which was organized to manufacture spray dusts for various purposes, primarily for the control of walnut pests, will be in a position to contract to do dusting work for the growers. The agricultural extension service and farm bureaus are to co-operate in conducting dusting and spraying demonstrations, where these are felt to be necessary, and especially in maintaining an inspection service for the purpose of advising growers as to when to dust or spray. Members of the agricultural extension service have been keeping in close touch with the situation during recent weeks, with the result that the first eggs of the season have recently been found. Dusting will therefore begin in the very near future. The two principal centers of infection at the present time are located in Orange and Ventura counties. Different conditions in these two district occasions the appearance of the eggs and larvae at different periods. In the Orange county districts the first moths appear during the middle of April and the period of greatest emergence is ap- INCREASE IN RECEIPTS With increases ranging from 12 per cent to 200 per cent, sales tax receipts of the Los Angeles district for May set a new internal revenue record, according to figures given out yesterday by Collector Goodcell. Total collections of sales tax for the month were $511,028.47, as against $416,151.80 for May of last year, an increase of 23 per cent. Tax receipts on telephone and telegraph messages jumped from $13,597.91 collected in May, 1922, to $39,148.54 for May, 1923, a gain of approximately 200 per cent. Manufacturers' excise tax collections were $102,338.92 compared with $86,248.54 for last May, an increase of 18 per cent. Manufacturers paid $11,570.14 tax on syrups and beverages as against $81,010.05 for last May, a gain of 44 per cent. Collections of tax on admissions to motion picture theaters and other places of amusement were $298,-247.84, compared with $265,772.45 for May, 1922, a gain of 12 per cent. The tax collected indicates that $2,982.478 was expended for amusement during the month. Retailers paid $54,443.55 tax on jewelry, compared with $42,670.13 for last May, an increase of 27 per cent. Forty thousand southern California taxpayers who are meeting their income taxes on the installment plan must make their second quarterly payment on or before June 16. There were 230,682 separate returns filed in the Los Angeles district this year, as compared with 176,950 in 1922, a gain of 30.36 per cent, which is the banner increase of the sixty-five internal revenue districts in the United States. Approximately 190,000 persons paid their taxes in full on March 15. The collector called attention to the fact that the mailing of a bill to a taxpayer at his last given address constitutes legal notice, and not the delivery of the letter. They urged taxpayers to notify the office of changes in address as they are still liable to tax- recent weeks, with the result that the first eggs of the season have recently been found. Dusting will therefore begin in the very near future. The two principal centers of infection at the present time are located in Orange and Ventura counties. Different conditions in these two district occasions the appearance of the eggs and larvae at different periods. In the Orange county districts the first moths appear during the middle of April and the period of greatest emergence is approximately June 1. Egg laying begins in late April and the peak of the egg-laying period occurs during the first or second weeks of June. Based on the experience of the two past seasons, for best results, control work should have been started approximately June 1. In Ventura county the season for best results is somewhat later. The appearance of larvae reaches its peak toward the latter part of June, and hence dusting should be started approximately June 15. Where liquid spraying is used, the formula recommended by Professor Quayrle is six pounds of basic lead arsenate powder to 200 gallons of water. Arrangements are being made this season to use a dust containing 15 per cent of lead arsenate. The amount of dust required per tree is about six pounds for trees of average size. Such trees will require from 20 to 25 gallons of liquid spray. The second brood, which appears later in the season, is sometimes injurious. Investigations to date, however, have not shown any marked advantage from a second application of dust. Here's hoping the holiday spirit has taken the place of holiday spirits. ANAHEIM GAZETTE Y LAW marks a great of dealing the effort to quickly on the original act large mileage the pleasure was then reads went the motor-romptly debe the basis hereafter. Road will be at a cost of all purposes during the 90. derived various kinds includes and county of trucks is it hoped,erry without people seems or highways state bond is used by some sought to be in licenses of the li-ness been acting the use purposes to keep some other more will cure. said that end of the way system condition to the traffic EXPTS existence. Infesting almost the entire world, they carry on unceasingly their work of destruction of transmitting disease, and of inspiring repugnance or dread wherever they are present or threaten invasion of the home. Injury to farm produce starts when the seed is first planted and continues through the growing season and harvest, in the wholesale and retail markets, and often in the home of the consumer. Such losses in the aggregate so affect the ultimate price of foodstuffs that everyone shares them, whether he maintains rats on his premises or not. Modern ideas of thrift are opposed to such unnecessary waste, and the demand for relief is becoming insistent. What is most needed is a constant campaign of education to increase public intolerance of rats, carried on by extension and sanitation officials and all others interested. Individual efforts, which through the centuries have been ineffective in eliminating rats, must give way to organized endeavor. For information regarding the relation of the rat to the public health, address the surgeon general, United States public health service, Washington. For information relative to the habits, life history and economic status of the rat and for additional information in regard to anti-rat campaigns and methods of control, address the bureau of biological survey, United States department of agriculture, Washington. Farmers' bulletin No. 1202, "How to Get Rid of Rats," will be sent upon request. IN FAVOR OF NUT TREES It is strange, the way the word "nut" has taken on so uncomplimentary a meaning. There is nothing richer or more valuable and wholesome in existence. Infesting almost the entire world, they carry on unceasingly their work of destruction of transmitting disease, and of inspiring repugnance or dread wherever they are present or threaten invasion of the home. Injury to farm produce starts when the seed is first planted and continues through the growing season and harvest, in the wholesale and retail markets, and often in the home of the consumer. Such losses in the aggregate so affect the ultimate price of foodstuffs that everyone shares them, whether he maintains rats on his premises or not. Modern ideas of thrift are opposed to such unnecessary waste, and the demand for relief is becoming insistent. What is most needed is a constant campaign of education to increase public intolerance of rats, carried on by extension and sanitation officials and all others interested. Individual efforts, which through the centuries have been ineffective in eliminating rats, must give way to organized endeavor. For information regarding the relation of the rat to the public health, address the surgeon general, United States public health service, Washington. For information relative to the habits, life history and economic status of the rat and for additional information in regard to anti-rat campaigns and methods of control, address the bureau of biological survey, United States department of agriculture, Washington. Farmers' bulletin No. 1202, "How to Get Rid of Rats," will be sent upon request. BLUE SKY LAW ENFORCEMENT The California commissioner of corporations is trying to do his duty. His task is large and intricate. Upon his success in dealing with the conditions at present affecting the investment field depends the welfare and continued effective existence of the blue sky law. No law can insure honesty among people who are bent upon being dishonest, but proper enforcement can make dishonesty so unsafe that it will be reduced to a minimum. But no matter how well such regulatory laws are enforced they can never serve as a substitute for common sense and caution on the part of the investors. It ought to be a maximum among experienced people who have money to invest not to go afield with their money in search of untried projects holding out glittering promises of large returns. People who lack the opportunity to investigate personally, or who lack the knowledge to form accurate judgments of the soundness of any proposition, ought to seek the guidance or at least the advice of investment bankers of established reputation and large experience. If they are not fortunate enough to have any acquaintances among these people they had better keep their money in some sound savings bank until such time as they can inform themselves. Their only safety lies in assuming that they are going to be defrauded until they know something substantial to the contrary. Sometimes the financial wolves have most luxurious dens and all the appearances of prosperity. They may have apparently influential connections and good social standing. But these are no tokens of security. To understand the investment business requires close study and wide experience, and if the investor is not so equipped he ought to make sure that he is relying on some honest person who is. PATRIOAISM AND PROFITEERING Never have patriotism and profiteering been brought out in more powerful contrast than in President Harding's Memorial day address at Arlington cemetery. They are the antitheses of every war, emblematic of lofty self-sacrifice on the one hand, and supreme selfishness on the other. It is well, and significant also, that the president emphasized patriotism in these words: "It little matters what war one served in. The supreme offering of life on the altar of American patriotism was the same in every one. No man could offer more. It calls for gratitude unlimited and unfailing." Memorial day would have no meaning, and the heroic dead would indeed have died in vain, were patriotism a thing of the past, and nationalism a gigantic mistake. Some say that patriotism and nationalism provoke wars; and that internationalism should take place of nationalism. The words of President Harding were refreshing to those who refuse to admit that patriotism is a peril and that Memorial day revives the spirit of war. On the contrary it hallows the name of peace. Again the president touched the hearts of patriots and reached the spiritual level of the heroic dead, when he said: "While I would abhor a pacifist America, I would require to have the United States proven to be unafraid, and yet the most peace-promoting nation in all the world." Doubtless this statement would be indorsed by every sleeping soldier, if brought back. Because they abhorred a pacifist America, they sacrificed all on the altar of patriotism. They indeed were unafraid! No, patriotism is not dead; the national spirit is not dead. It filled the hearts and souls of millions of Americans. IN FAVOR OF NUT TREES It is strange, the way the word "nut" has taken on so uncomplimentary a meaning. There is nothing richer or more valuable and wholesome in the human dietary. The old simile, "sound as a nut," conveyed the truth. Let us get back to that. Nut trees, too, are almost universally good to look at. They are strong, as the hickory, or shapely, as the pecan and English walnut, or both, as the black walnut. Their foliage is nearly always attractive in form and color. Some of the hazel nuts or filberts have a richness that is hard to equal among ornamental shrubs. Almonds—and there are hard-shell almonds that may be grown anywhere that peaches will grow—are particularly beautiful in blossom time. The Japan walnut, now coming into popularity in some places in this country, has an exotic, almost tropical beauty which is a revelation as the leaves unfold in the spring, and it makes an admirable shade tree. With food value, beauty and unfailing appeal to children are combined. An earnest plea in their behalf is made by Charles Lathrop Pack, an investigate forestry enthusiast, in his book, "Trees as Good Citizens." He proves the eminent citizenship of the black walnut and other varieties. CHICAGO-LONDON AIR ROUTE Forty-eight-hour air service between London and Chicago is confidently predicted by a British aviator. Passenger planes capable of carrying 200 persons will be used. Chicago is chosen as the terminus for this future route because it is nearer the heart of the United States than any other large city. When this development of commercial aviation has arrived, however, many cities will spring into importance which now show little promise. That is because extensive aviation will make any city less dependent upon railroad and water transportation facilities than at present. An air port will have as much incentive to growth and progress as a lake or ocean port regardless of location. OIL BEARING SAND Nearly every thick bed of sandstone in the great Cretaceous system of the west seems to contain oil at some locality, but the exact number of these beds, the region in which each produces oil, and the identity and the stratigraphic position of each have not yet been fully determined. A recent brief report issued by the department of the interior as bulletin 551-A of the geological survey entitled "Continuity of sole oil-bearing sands of Colorado and Wyoming," by W. T. Lee, deals with the correlation of rocks in the lower part of the Cretaceous system in Colorado and Wyoming, and with the bearing of this correlation on the discovery of oil and gas. These beds have hereforebeen known by diverse names, and in this report an attempt is made to show their continuity through areas where they have been thus differently named. This identification of the beds furnishes to oil men a better basis for study and drilling. For example, the knowledge that a bed of sandstone which is known in some regions as the Dakota is in others known as the Muddy sand and that it overlies two other beds of sandstone that may be oil bearing is of obvious practical value to the oil driller. When this development of commercial aviation has arrived, however, many cities will spring into importance which now show little promise. That is because extensive aviation will make any city less dependent upon railroad and water transportation facilities than at present. An air port will have as much incentive to growth and progress as a lake or ocean port regardless of location. It is possible to prophesy almost anything in aviation development these days with reasonable expectation of fulfillment. All that has been already achieved seems only to give promise of even greater things to come. TEN-YEAR GRAZING PERMITS FOR NATIONAL FORESTS Secretary of Agriculture Wallace has approved the recommendations of the forest service that stockmen who desire to graze cattle and sheep on national forest ranges be granted ten-year permits, according to District Forester Paul G. Redington, of the San Francisco forestry headquarters. This new policy, which doubles the maximum period for which grazing permits are now issued, will go into effect beginning with 1925. The secretary's action was taken from the standpoint of assisting the livestock industry to recover further from the depression of the past few years, and to make it less difficult to secure financial aid to carry on livestock operations. Automobiles are strange creatures; when one is getting ready to run over somebody or to collide with something it always slows down to ten miles an hour. IMMIGRANTS COMING TO LIMIT Immigration to the United States is to be as heavy this year as the restriction law permits. The number coming in will exceed last year's record by about 150,000. Some 450,000 alien newcomers are expected to enter this country before the fiscal year ends on June 30. Prosperity is bringing them. It is ever so. A period of thriving, in the United States, attracts to this country great numbers of immigrants. On the other hand, a period of depression and "hard times" takes many aliens from this country back to their native soil. The story of the prevailing good times in this country has sifted through to Europe and it is luring many to seek their fortunes on this side of the Atlantic. Limitation upon immigration will be maintained. There should be reasonable restriction. This country cannot safely admit allens indiscriminately and in unlimited numbers. To do so would be to invite social and economic disaster. When our caller says, "Now, let's get down to business," he is usually going to propose something you don't want to hear. AND PROFITEERING patriotism and profiteeright out in more powerful in President Harding's address at Arlington they are the antitheses of oblematic of lofty selfone hand, and supreme the other. and significant also, that emphasized patriotism letters what war one the supreme offering of war of American patriotname in every one. No more. It calls for gratand unfailing." they would have no meanroic dead would indeed ain, were patriotism a ast, and nationalism a ease. patriotism and naoke wars; and that inshould take the place The words of Presiere refreshing to those admit that patriotism that Memorial day reof war. On the conthe name of peace. president touched the ests and reached the of the heroic dead, when abhor a pacifist hold require to have the proven to be unafraid, just peace-promoting naorld." statement would be very sleeping soldier, if Because they abhorred ica, they sacrificed all patriotism. They inalald! is not dead; the nanot dead. It filled the millions of Ameri- profiteers," who "put the black blot of greed upon righteous sacrifice and highly purposed conflict." profiteering is the absence of patriotism and love of country; and the query is raised, will not a removal of patriotism and nationalism tend to increase profiteering in time of strife? Profiteering is the trade of those who have lost their patriotism and who teach the doctrine that a nation's need is the profiteer's opportunity. The decline of patriotism, of nationalism and of love of country, lets loose the selfish greed of the profiteer and excuses the filching of a distressed nation. Said the president: "In the next war we will draft every resource, every activity, and make common cause of the nation's preservation." While it is true that the greatest portion of the financial burden of war was borne by the big industries and interests in a few states, nevertheless there were a few men and a few industries that profiteered outrageously. To these the president refers; and in this opinion he is sustained by an overwhelming majority of the people. If war ever comes again (and all pray it may not) these conscienceless few should be prevented in advance from taking advantage of the needs of the nation. The best and easiest way to accomplish this result is to cultivate more assiduously than ever, the spirit of patriotism and nationalism, and make the lack of it a crime against the welfare of the republic—no less than treason. The president's eloquent and impressive words carry little comfort to those who would eliminate patriotism and nationalism from the list of human virtues and substitute internationalism and nebulous cosmic affection. Such a change would be the death knell of the American republic and the end of Memorial Day. of interest. When the interstate commerce commission made its last general valuation of the railroads of the country in 1914, directed by law to do so as the basis for rate making, the railroads of the United States were valued at $150,000,000. With that as a basis, such changes as have come in the meantime have been added, and rates fixed accordingly. But except in times of unusual business, the railroads have not made big dividends. Some of them have, because of particularly fortunate territory served or because of unusually able management, or both, but the average of rail earnings has been lower than investors would be satisfied with in other lines sought by capital. The roads are therefore asking for higher rates, and the LaFollette conference had it that a request for higher rates would be such as to predicate an increase in railroad valuation of $10,000,000,000. That is to say, the rates to be asked for will earn dividends on $10,000,000,000 added valuation. Also, Senator LaFollette declares, and here's where he stirs the very general interest, that the rates would increase the cost of living in the United States $1,500,000,000, for "all of us." Much of the Chicago conference was behind closed doors and the public therefore has only what the conferees wished to give out. Whether, therefore, they took stock of the plan sponsored by Senator Brookhart, of Iowa, cannot be said. Brookhart is in Europe, but his proposal is that the value of the railroads for rate-making purposes shall be the market value of the stock on the theory that the stock is worth "what it will bring," which it must be agreed is the quite general method of establishing values. It is objected to on the ground that conditions have forced down the value of some stocks, and that they do not fair- IT BAKES EVENLY RAILROAD VALUATIONS Out of the gathering at Chicago recently, presided over by Senator LaFollette, is likely to grow one of the big questions of the next national political campaign. Shippers, particularly farmers, insist that freight rates are too high. Railroad managers declare that unless rates are higher, the roads cannot pay dividends, and if they cannot pay dividends, they cannot get new money for extensions and improvements that only new capital can buy. Some figures are therefore fore, they took stock of the plan sponsored by Senator Brookhart, of Iowa, cannot be said. Brookhart is in Europe, but his proposal is that the value of the railroads for rate-making purposes shall be the market value of the stock on the theory that the stock is worth "what it will bring," which it must be agreed is the quite general method of establishing values. It is objected to on the ground that conditions have forced down the value of some stocks, and that they do not fairly represent the reproduction cost of the properties. The whole question of freight rates is almost sure to be an important and perhaps a spectacular feature of next year's presidential campaign. Some paragrapher recently suggested that people are much more interested in the price of sugar than in the world court, and it might be that freight rates and the railroad question will shoulder the league of nations out of sight before November, 1924. There are intimations that the matter is already of such importance that President Harding will devote some of his western speeches to it, possibly outlining an administration program. IT BAKES EVENLY the last word in Gas Ranges The Roper Gas Range is made to conform with the most modern engineering specifications and its burners are proven to consume the least amount of gas. It has the original "fresh air" ventilated oven. It bakes most evenly, retaining maximum food values; by minimizing the evaporation of moisture. It is fully or semi-enameled in pearl gray or snow white. Equipped with or without the oven heat control and automatic lighter. A Roper Range to Fit Any Kitchen See our full display today at SOUTHERN COUNTIES GAS COMPANY Distributors of Standard Gas Appliances PER GAS RANGES - HUMPHREY RADIANTFIRES - GAS WATER LIBERAL TERMS 238 E. CENTER ST. PHONE 166 HEAT LIGHT POWER