anaheim-gazette 1918-08-08

ELEPHANT GRASS NEW FORAGE PRODUCT A VALUABLE SOUTH AFRICAN PLANT BEING INTRODUCED IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENTS SHOW IT WITH-STANDS DROUTH AND FROST, AND MAKES PRODIGIOUS GROWTH The development of California's first stand of Elephant grass (Napler's Fodder) which is making prodigious growth in the back yard experiment station of Eugene J. Spencer, No. 610 East Fifty-fourth street, Los Angeles, is being watched with the keenest interest by dairy and stock men of the Southwest, as well as by government and university authorities, among whom if Prof. B. P. Kennedy, head of forage crop investigations at the University of California, Prof. Kennedy is conducting classes in agronomy in the university summer session, which is being held at the Los Angeles High School. He recently took one of his classes on an insepction trip to Mr. Spencer's "farm" in order to demonstrate on the ground the marvelous performance of this newly-introduced crop. After years of study of the forage crops of California, Prof. Kennedy frankly admits his astonishment at the results attained with this South African plant. He states that no other February, 1917, only twelve plants having been grown from two packages. In June, 1918, three canes were procured by Mr. Spencer from Washington. The plants obtained from these canes and the twelve seedling plants comprised his entire original stock. All of these plants were allowed to mature, Mr. Spencer continually increasing the number by root division. The canes were not cut in the fall, as he intended planting his larger acreage in Antelope Valley where he felt the winter would be too severe for fall planting. He allowed the grass to stand through the winter and was not able to get it cut in the spring until after it had sprouted from all the joints of the canes. Most of the grass was cut on May 22, 1917. On one patch an enthusiastic helper chopped the canes off with a hoe underneath the surface of the ground, badly injuring it, as Mr. Spencer supposed. On June 17 the Farm and Tractor photographer photographed this patch showing it to be waist high. In thirty days from planting it was four feet high and was estimated to amount to thirty tons of green feed or seven tons of dry hay per acre. This is the time Mr. Spencer considers just right for cutting the grass for hay. In sixty days from the first cutting, on July 21, the second tests were made, the result of which, according to Prof. Kennedy's announcement, was an estimated yield of sixty tons of green feed or fifteen and one-half tons of dry feed. This, it is thought, would prove the best time for cutting for silage. Though strongly drouth resisting, Elephant grass redoubles its energetic output on warm, moist soil. With its marked preference for heat and sun it is interesting to speculate on what would be its productive powers in Im- DAMAGE TO BEAN CROP NOT VIEW Limas Were Hurt by Only In Spray The hot spell damage in some places. In one damage was done. Since planting and the condition had a good deal to do the beans stood Friday day's heat, it is important an estimate of the damage there is no question to on many of the leases we would have been the only able weather continued. There was no particul to bean fields in the gated beans got by w Some of the well known of the San Joaquin ran matter over this morning late beans suffered b beans that seemed to best were those on dry land needed another week oplete development. "The blackeyes were said one of the growers son that practically all acres of blackeyes in the already made and cut ed. What damage there fined to say about 25 p 55,000 acres of lima beauty. Where damage was age varied. In some place a loss of probably two acre. When I speak of speaking of what they were a week ago. While the present prospects were year, that is another m think that the output a be less than normal, places where the hot s pods limp and stopped reelment of the beans the university summer session, which is being held at the Los Angeles High School. He recently took one of his classes on an insepction trip to Mr. Spencer's "farm" in order to demonstrate on the ground the marvelous performance of this newly-introduced crop. After years of study of the forage crops of California, Prof. Kennedy frankly admits his astonishment at the results attained with this South African plant. He states that no other known forage crop has ever produced at the rate now being demonstrated by the Elephant grass in this Los Angeles yard. After carefully measuring, weighing and estimating the yield of Mr. Spencer's crop, the professor announces that a two months' growth has produced at the rate of sixty tons of green feed to the acre for the one cutting. That the future outlook for a crop showing such a remarkable tonnage, especially one with the high feeding value possessed by Elephant grass, is almost inestimable, is freely stated by Prof. Kennedy. The three lines to be followed in future experiments with this grass, he says, will be the determination of its possibilities as a silage crop, as a hay crop and as a pasture grass. That it will need to be handled differently than ordinary grasses, even from the first, in developing its best points in these various uses, is evident. A distinct difference is already manifested in the individual plants, some being of much heavier and coarser canes when mature than others, the finer stalks usually having a finer leaf. All alike are succulent and tender and the palatability for stock has been demonstrated. The habits of the plant are similar to those of the sorghums, excepting for its great advantage as a perennial. Tender young shoots planted in Antelope Valley in September, 1917, by Mr. Spencer, which froze to the ground, came up from the root in the early spring of 1918. As many as eighty-five stools to the single plant have been counted in Mr. Spencer's plot in the first year's growth. Growth from the year-old roots is much more rapid than during the season of planting, although under favorable circumstances the grass attains remarkable height and density from new plants grown from cuttings. The grass thrives on warmth and sunlight and when planted in the winters, even in Southern California, lies more or less dormant until the weather becomes warmer. One rancher in the made, the result of which, according to Prof. Kennedy's announcement, was an estimated yield of sixty tons of green feed or fifteen and one-half tons of dry feed. This, it is thought, would prove the best time for cutting for silage. Though strongly drought resisting, Elephant grass redoubles its energetic output on warm, moist soil. With its marked preference for heat and sun it is interesting to speculate on what would be its productive powers in Imperial Valley. Testing even better than corn silage in nutritive value, this perennial far outdistances the heaviest yielding crops known, according to the present local experiment which verifies reports coming from Australia. Sudan grass and the sorghums so much advocated of late forage crops, as well as alfalfa, must all take lower rank in quantity of feed produced if the present estimates are even partially borne out in general culture. Certainly Elephant grass is well worthy of much-experiment in this locality during the next few years. It promises now a wide adaptability, being both drought and frost resistant to a great extent. How well it will stand continuous pasturing is not known, though cases are reported from Australia of pasturing throughout the winter months after several summer cuttings. The many questions of soil adaptability as well as climatic limitations are still to be answered but the fact that Prof. Kennedy, California's best authority on the subject, has given it his unqualified approval, gives convincing assurance of a gratifying degree of proven worth. F. X. DAUSER DEAD F. X. Dauser, an old and highly respected citizen of Fullerton, is dead at the age of 70 years. For thirty-three years he has resided two miles east of Fullerton, and all during that time he contributed his full share to the growth and development of the community. Mr. Dauser came to the United States from Germany when he was but 4 years of age and had lived in Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and Minnesota. It did not need the invasion of Belgium nor the sinking of the Lusitania to convince him that the Kaiser and the Prussian war lords were in the wrong from the start. Old-timers recall many instances in which he had vehemently denounced the Kaiser and all his works and pomp. There are now probabilities that Orange county men to France, either on reunion camp or upon the Santa Ana Register, than double that number county men have arrived England within the last weeks. Those who have arrived who were with the 363rd Infantry regiments at Formal announcement of that regiment was patches yesterday. Calvled here several days of men of those ing of the safe arrival Growth from the year-old roots is much more rapid than during the season of planting, although under favorable circumstances the grass attains remarkable height and density from new plants grown from cuttings. The grass thrives on warmth and sunlight and when planted in the winters, even in Southern California, lies more or less dormant until the weather becomes warmer. One rancher in the mountains back of San Diego, Mr. H. L. Wagner of Descanso, reports a six-foot stand from canes received from Mr. Spencer in February and planted in pots until the latter part of March, when they were transplanted to the open ground. Mr. Taylor of Descanso working with Mr. Wagner, has been the only one in this country, so far as is known, who has obtained good results from seed. These seeds, obtained from Australia, were not planted until June, 1918. They were set out in a carefully prepared seed bed in the open ground and cared for just as young onion seedlings would be. Several hundred plants were obtained in this way from a small package of seed. The usual method of propagating seems to be from the joints of the canes, which grow very readily. In fact, a case is on record, according to a leaflet published by the Agricultural Department at Washington, where a South-African farmer produced 7,000 plants in a single year from three plants by using slips and root division. Mr. Spencer has himself planted a five-acre field in Antelope Valley, besides numerous experimental plantings throughout Southern California from his few original plants set out little more than a year ago. The first plantings made here were from seed obtained from Australia in the growth and development of the community. Mr. Dauser came to the United States from Germany when he was but 4 years of age and had lived in Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and Minnesota. It did not need the invasion of Belgium nor the sinking of the Lusitania to convince him that the Kaiser and the Prussian war lords were in the wrong from the start. Old-timers recall many instances in which he had vehemently denounced the Kaiser and all his works and pomp. Deceased is survived by six children, five of whom live in Fullerton. The other, Miss Sue Dauser, left for France a few months ago in charge of a large contingent of nurses, and her whereabouts at present is unknown. Funeral services were held at St. Mary's Church, Monday morning, at 9 o'clock. WAR ON FOREST FIRES The Employment Service of the United States Department of Labor has declared war on forest fires. Various Federal Labor agents throughout California have been appointed as recruiting officers and each agent so designated has agreed to securee, upon call from the Forest Service, from twenty-five to two hundred fire fighters and to ship them, by train or automobile, to such portions of the state as they are needed. District Superintendent W. T. Boyce's attitude is that, besides producing wheat, hay, and lumber for airplanes and ships, we must protect these and our other supplies from fire. During the recent serious outbreak of fires in Northern California, Federal agents at Redding and Red Bluff were able to secure and ship, promptly, the men necessary to aid the local fire fighters in subduing the flames. Among the men now to France are Captain the remainder of Company between fifty and were sent from this co-draft are in the East, or on the Atlantic. A range county men in a ment are also European. Owing to the requestment that movements be mentioned with treme discretion, some of the last three or not been reported. DAMAGE TO BEAN CROP NOT VERY SERIOUS Limas Were Hurt by the Hot Spell Only In Spots The hot spell damaged lima beans in some places. In other places no damage was done. Since the time of planting and the condition of the soil had a good deal to do with the way the beans stood Friday's and Saturday's heat, it is impossible to make an estimate of the damage done, but there is no question that the output on many of the leases will be less than would have been the case had favorable weather continued. There was no particular harm done to bean fields in the lowlands. Irrigated beans got by without damage. Some of the well known bean growers of the San Joaquin ranch talking the matter over this morning agreed that late beans suffered but little. The beans that seemed to be hit the hardest were those on dry lands and which needed another week or two to complete development. "The blackeyes were not harmed," said one of the growers, "for the season that practically all of the 25,000 acres of blackeyes in the county were already made and cutting was started. What damage there was was confined to say about 25 per cent. of the 55,000 acres of lima beans in the county. Where damage was done, the damage varied. In some places I look for a loss of probably two sacks to the acre. When I speak of the loss, I am speaking of what the crop prospects were a week ago. When we compare the present prospects with the normal year, that is another matter. I do not think that the output as it stands will be less than normal, even on the places where the hot spell turned the pods limp and stopped the further development of the beans in some of the VETERANS IN CAMP Tuesday the Southern California Veterans went into camp at Arbormar for ten days. They will hold their evening exercises as usual and the camp will be conducted along the same general lines as heretofore. Quartermaster A. B. Paul of Santa Ana is looking after the interests of the "old boys." C. M. Herendeen of Los Angeles will have charge of the entertainment programs and that they will be a grand success is already assured with him at the head. August 13 will be "bean day" at the camp, and then is when all the "pigs" that have been fattened in all the local camps during the past year will be consumed, as they will be slaughtered the day before. As there are no meatless days now every one may eat with a relish and to his satisfaction. The first evening program was given Tuesday evening by the H. B. Post and Corps and was known as Huntington Beach night. The address of welcome was given by E. E. French and responded to by Commander Tom Hull of Los Angeles. DISTRICT ATTORNEY WANTS ELLIOTT'S BAIL INCREASED Asks That It Be Fixed at $5,000 Instead of $1,000 On Monday when District Attorney West asked Judge Thomas to order the bail required of Benjamin W. (Walking) Elliott from $1,000 to $5,000 a vigorous protest against the raise was put in by Attorney Clyde Bishop for Elliott. “This motion only aims at keeping this man in jail,” declared Bishop, “and he has a right to be out of jail if he can raise an adequate, not an exorbitant bail.” tion looked to the Foreign (of 14th) division for $300,000. Total receipts to date, with Egypt and Bolivia yet to hear from, represents the generous donation of $1,485,577.00 for war relief work. The countries represented in this fund are: Arabia, Argenina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canal Zone, Chile, Chino, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Guam, Guatemala, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Japan, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Philippine Islands, Porto Rico, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Uruguay, Venezuela, Virgin Islands. POEMS OF A SOLDIER Young Sammy in France Dedicates a Few Verses to His Mother Dr. A. A. Prall has received copies of a couple of poems written by his nephew, Arthur M. Prall to his mother. Dr. Prall has two nephews at the front in France, who joined the army in Iowa. He also has three other nephews who will soon be at the front helping strafe the Hun. Following are the two poems written by the young man: It was a bright spring morning, The clouds had rolled away, The air was soft and balmy, And all the world seemed gay; I, in the field was plowing And I stopped my team to rest. I was thinking of God's goodness, And how the world was blessed, When lo! I heard a rumble, Hark! "Twas the beating of the drum The final step was taken And the world's war was begun. I left my work of peacefulness And I joined the forces gay, I sad good bye to mother And gaily marched away: Where damage was done, the damage varied. In some places I look for a loss of probably two sacks to the acre. When I speak of the loss, I am speaking of what the crop prospects were a week ago. When we compare the present prospects with the normal year, that is another matter. I do not think that the output as it stands will be less than normal, even on the places where the hot spell turned the pods limp and stopped the further development of the beans in some of the pods. It is hard to estimate from just looking at a field how much harm was done. Yesterday I went into a dozen or more fields. Sometimes a field looked brown and hard hit, but getting out in the field we found that while the stringers are browned, most of the beans clustered close to the center are in good shape and still surrounded with green leaves. "The beans weathered Friday's heat all right, but it was Saturday afternoon's heat that did the damage, where damage was done. "The beans that were planted late seem to have gotten by in good shape, though weather for the next few days will have a good deal to do with the way those as well as earlier beans recover. This morning we had a high fog, which helped a lot. If we have foggy mornings and cool afternoons for the next week, the damaged beans will have all the better chance to recover from the set-back received Saturday afternoon." ORANGE COUNTY MEN GOING TO THE FRONT Register Thinks Two Hundred Have Landed Within Past Two Weeks There are now probably no less than 100 Orange county men on their way to France, either on rail, in embarkation camp or upon the water, says the Santa Ana Register. Probably more than double that number of Orange county men have arrived in France or England within the last two or three weeks. Those who have arrived include men who were with the 363rd and the 364th Infantry regiments at Camp Lewis. Formal announcement of the arrival of that regiment was made in dispatches yesterday. Cards were received here several days ago by relatives of men of those regiments telling of the safe arrival of their ships stead of $1,000 On Monday when District Attorney West asked Judge Thomas to order the bail required of Benjamin W. (Walking) Elliott from $1,000 to $5,000 a vigorous protest against the raise was put in by Attorney Clyde Bishop for Elliott. "This motion only aims at keeping this man in jail," declared Bishop, "and he has a right to be out of jail if he can raise an adequate, not an exorbitant ball." "This motion is not made for the purpose of keeping this man in jail," retorted West. "It is made because $1,000 is not enough ball to be required in any case in which an officer's life has been sought by a man he went lawfully to arrest." "This man Elliott, after the unfortunate affair in which Eugene Young was shot, remained in his room, and said he would give himself up to officers from Santa Ana," said Bishop. "Has any man whose arrest is sought any right to choose the officer who shall arrest him?" asked Judge Thomas. "No, and I do not make that contention," replied Bishop. "I say that the evidence in this case shows a state of facts under which no heavy ball need be required. It is true that Constable Ashley went to this man's room, but he went there with a man who was in the hallway when Eugene Young was shot and who went downstairs, got a gun and asked Ashley to deputize him so he could return as an officer to seek Elliott." Elliott is the La Habra man who fatally shot Eugene Young when Young was breaking into his room to make Elliott kiss the flag. When Constable Ashley went to the place to arrest Elliott, shots were exchanged, and Elliott is awaiting trial on a charge of assault with a deadly weapon upon Ashley. After the shooting with Ashley, Motorcycle Officer Carr arrived from Santa Ana and to him Elliott surrendered. AMERICAN RED CROSS IN FAR AWAY COUNTRIES Now Embraces Workers In Every Civilized Section of the World Every American man and woman in the world—no matter how remote the part of the globe—China or Chile, Guatemala or Guam, Arabia or the Argentine, Egypt or Mexico, now has opportunity to actively engage in Red Cross work through the Territorial, Insular and Foreign Division of the stead of $1,000 In the field was plowing And I stopped my team to rest. I was thinking of God's goodness, And how the world was blessed, When lo! I heard a rumble, Hark! "Twas the beating of the drum The final step was taken And the world's war was begun. I left my work of peacefulness And I joined the forces gay, I sad good bye to mother And gaily marched away; "Twas awful hard to say good bye To the dear folks at home, There were tears in their eyes that morning When I left them all alone. Many a brave lad has marched away Since this old war began, And many a mother is waiting for his return When his country's work is done. Dear mother, your boy is fighting For his country and for you. He is risking his all out there tonight For the red and white and blue, And as he thinks of his dear old home, And the loved ones far away; In his dreams he sees his mother, And that night he hears her pray For his return to safety, When the smoke and noise of battle Have ceased and cleared away. Some day, Oh! the hope of that some day. When the troubles of life are o'er; We will meet where there will be no parting, Across on that Golden Shore. Can a boy forget his mother? No, he knows there is no other Though, dear are father, sister, brother. They can't take the place of mother. Friends may come and go-like running water, Leave you neath your load to totter; Mother love will not fall nor falter, For any wayward son or daughter. I may cross the ocean billows, To a land of war and woe But mother's prayers are with me always, This, for sure I'll always know. Oh! I'm sailing on the ocean, On the deep and briny sea, Leaving home and friends and country And all on earth that's dear to me. But I'm trusting in the future AMERICAN RED CROSS IN FAR AWAY COUNTRIES Now Embraces Workers In Every Civilized Section of the World Every American man and woman in the world—no matter how remote the part of the globe—China or Chile, Guatemala or Guam, Arabia or the Argentine, Egypt or Mexico, now has opportunity to actively engage in Red Cross work through the Territorial, Insular and Foreign Division of the National organization. And true to the American spirit, the opportunity has been eagerly embraced by those living away from the States, sometimes in such isolation as to feel practically a "man without a country." Soon after the war council of the American Red Cross was appointed this organization, which enables it to call on every man and woman in the world whom it is possible to reach for service, was effected under the direction of Chairman Henry P. Davison. Chapters of this new division now have locations in 26 countries, and they are looked to as regularly and confidently for manufactured goods and contributed articles as the 13 divisions at home. On every incoming steamer from the countries represented are cases of manufactured goods, made of their native raw materials. It is estimated that these goods are now coming in at the rate, in value, of $1,500,000 per year. The amount seems incredible, considering the small American population in many of the points included, but it is a fact and one the war council is particularly proud of. Even a more notable record by Americans in foreign countries was made in the Second War Fund Drive. Making specific allotments, as was done at home, the national organiza- I may cross the ocean billows, To a land of war and woe But mother's prayers are with me always, This, for sure I'll always know. Oh! I'm sailing on the ocean, On the deep and briny sea, Leaving home and friends and country And all on earth that's dear to me. But I'm trusting in the future To bring me back to you, To my fatherland and country, Land of red, and white and blue. Should we fail to meet on this earth Meet me on the Golden Shore, Where there will never be a parting And we will rest for ever more. THE CITRUS MARKETS News of Transactions and Selling Prices at New York and Other Cities The consuming markets can do nothing under the light offerings but excitedly bid for the available stock at averages that make an astounding record, says the Fruit World. The fancy stock during the week averaged from $8.00 to $9.55 per box, with most any old brand bringing above $6.00 per box. These prices will be maintained, and probably advanced, notwithstanding the midsummer abundance of domestic fruits and vegetables at all consuming centers. August first finds Southern California with only about 1,600 cars of oranges to tide over the trade with until the naval crop ripens in November, against about 5,800 cars that were available at the same date lost year. In Southern California the new crop navals begin to make a showing that is gratifying, and we are going to have... GOING ON YOUR VACATION? Drop in here with your suitcase and we'll put in the extras you forgot to get. Flannel Shirts, light and heavy weight. Sweaters, Khaki Pants, Corduroy Pants, Bedford Gord Pants, both long and riding styles. Underwear, Soft Collars, Sox. Bathing Suits, Etc., Etc. Bags, Suit Cases and Trunks. PRICES ARE ALWAYS RIGHT AT THIS STORE JACKSON'S MEN'S WEAR SHOP YOUR MONEY'S WORTH ALWAYS ANAHEIM what may be termed a good crop. The heaviest yields are reported from Claremont west toward the ocean. Up in Central California they are likely to have a 50 per cent crop of navels, but this is considered optimistic by growers, who are panicky and declare they will not average a quarter crop. A careful survey of Tulare county has been made, and it is believed that there are enough navels there to make an excellent financial showing for that community, because of the high averages that obtain under the light offerings, and very strong purchasing power of the wage-earning classes articles of fiber or peel that may be found in the juice, and add to it a pint of brewers' yeast or a half dozen cakes of compressed yeast which have been softened in orange juice. The juice should now be set aside for several days in an empty barrel, keg, or tub, and kept loosely covered with a cloth in order to keep the files from it. It is best kept at a temperature of 85 degrees F. As soon as fermentation has ceased (usually from three to five days are required, depending upon the temperature at the time) the juice is again strained and is ready to place in the In Central California they are likely to have a 50 per cent crop of navels, but this is considered optimistic by growers, who are panicky and declare they will not average a quarter crop. A careful survey of Tulare county has been made, and it is believed that there are enough navels there to make an excellent financial showing for that community, because of the high averages that obtain under the light offerings, and very strong purchasing power of the wage-earning classes throughout the country. Lemons The Eastern markets on lemons have been groggy during the past week, due to erratic weather conditions, and also to the limitation of sugar to two pounds per individual. In addition to the offerings of California lemons there was a cargo of 24,000 boxes of foreign lemons sold at New York Wednesday. These were in poor condition, entirely unfit for reshipment to interior points, and they suffered on the local market there at an average of $2.30 per box for the Ripes and $4.25 for the Verdellis. Another corgo with 41,000 boxes arrived in port at the close of the week, and rush attempts were made to effect the public auction sale. In the absence of reports it is assumed that discharge of cargo was delayed, and sale may not occur until Monday. In the face of these heavy offerings of foreign lemons, the receivers and handlers of California lemons at New York and Boston are unperturbed, and calmly show a record of prices on a basis of $7.00 per box delivered for California fancy lemons. These receivers state that the foreign lemons arriving are old and stale, having waited around the docks long periods for steamer room, and the best trade is not interested in the low-grade stock from Sicily. Many of the best known brands in California have been placed upon the New York market this year in a steady stream without regard to the rise or fall of the market. Instead of ducking out of New York because o sheavy offerings of foreign lemons, these best brands have been kept available to the trade and the buyers have stayed with the California goods. ORANGE VINEGAR IS A NEW DISCOVERY Experimenters Claim It Is Fully Equal to Cider Vinegar Cull oranges, usually allowed to decay, can be utilized by growers in the of compressed yeast which have been softened in orange juice. The juice should now be set aside for several days in an empty barrel, keg, or tub, and kept loosely covered with a cloth in order to keep the flies from it. It is best kept at a temperature of 85 degrees F. As soon as fermentation has ceased (usually from three to five days are required, depending upon the temperature at the time) the juice is again strained and is ready to place in the generator. To make the generator use an ordinary vinegar or whisky barrel, and so loosen the hoops that one head can be removed from the barrel. After this is done, build a small rack to fit into the barrel in such a way that throughout its entire length for about 6 inches below the bung a compartment is made which can be filled with beechwood shavings or corncobs. A quick way to do this is to build a rack of slats 3 inches wide by 1-2 inch thick, these slats being set into grooved end pieces, about 1-2 inch space being allowed between them. At each end this rack is supported by a 2 by 4 inch piece cut in such lengths (that the rack will be at least 6 inches below the bung. The 2 by 4 pieces are usually joined at the bottom by a cross piece 1 by 2 inches. After this rack is set in place and the compartment filled with cobs or shavings, the barrel is reheated and three 1-inch holes are bored in each end so that the openings come just beneath the bottom of the rack holding the shavings or corncobs. These holes should be bored so that they slant downward. In constructing the rack and fastening it to the 2 by 4 pieces, grooves or dowels should be used, or, if more convenient, hardwood pegs may be utilized to hold the rack together. Iron or other metallic nails should not enter into its construction. The capacity of a generator built in this way is from 30 to 40 gallons of vinegar. When the generator is to be used for the first time, or after it has been standing idle for any length of time, it is best to scald it thoroughly before putting it in operation. This can be done by blowing steam into the bung or giving it a good washing in hot water. After the water has been thoroughly drained out, add about a quart of good vinegar (cider, malt, or orange) which has not been pasteurized. Allow the vinegar to flow over the shavings and ORANGE VINEGAR IS A NEW DISCOVERY Experimenters Claim It Is Fully Equal to Cider Vinegar Cull oranges, usually allowed to decay, can be utilized by growers in the preparation of orange vinegar, a very high-grade product. It can be used by growers' families and throughout communities where citrus fruit is grown. Such communities are now supplied with vinegar made from apple waste or grain. Nearly all the citrus-growing regions are so situated that this material has to be brought to them from some distance. There is no reason why orange vinegar can not be substituted wholly for the other products, according to specialists of the citrus by-products laboratory of the United States Department of Agriculture at Los Angeles. Orange vinegar is easily made in barrel quantities and is sufficiently cheap to compete with cider vinegar where there is a diffidence of freight in favor of the orange product. The following process has been thoroughly tried out in the Los Angeles laboratory of the Bureau of Chemistry, and vinegar has been produced which expert buyers in the Middle West consider to be as good as the best grades of cider vinegar. The process best adapted for the production of orange vinegar in barrel lots is known as the "roller process." The juice should be pressed from the oranges in an ordinary cider press, or a kitchen fruit press can be used for the purpose. Strain out any large par- When the water has been thoroughly drained out, add about a quart of good vinegar (cider, malt, or orange) which has not been pasteurized. Allow the vinegar to flow over the shavings and the inside of the barrel. Now add through the bung the fermented juice, close the bung tightly with its wooden stopper, and plug the holes in the ends of the barrel with plugs made of ordinary raw cotton. Several times each day, if possible, but at least once each day, remove these cotton plugs and replace them with wooden plugs. Turn the barrel over so that the bung is at the bottom, and shake three or four times so that the juice in the barrel will come thoroughly in contact with the beech-wood shavings or corncobs. Roll the barrel back into its original position, remove the wooden pegs, and reinsert the cotton plugs. An excellent vinegar is produced within the barrel if this treatment is kept up daily and the temperature is above 80 degrees F. In from 60 to 90 days. When the material is sufficiently acid, remove from the barrel, place in clean glass bottles, and keep tightly corked. Little difficulty is experienced in keeping this product, but it is readily sterilized and made easier to keep by heating the bottles in boiling water for 15 to 20 minutes. No sediment will deposit in the bottles if this treatment is given. Where such sediment does appear it is best to pour off the vinegar gently and sterilize as directed above.