anaheim-gazette 1918-07-25

BLEEDING FRANCE The French people have gone wild with delight over the advent of American troops on the soil of France and the establishment of an impenetrable wall of khaki clad men between threatened Paris and the horde of blood-thirsty Huns pouring down upon it out of Germany. The Sammles are hailed as the saviors of France, and they arrived in the hour of sorest need. Conditions in that exhausted country are told by Irvin Cobb in the Saturday Evening Post as follows: All France today is one vast heart-breaking tragedy that is compounded of a million lesser tragedies. You note that the door opener at your favorite cafe in Paris uses his left hand only, and when you see that his right arm, with the hand cased in a tight glove, swings in stiff uselessness from his shoulder. It is an artificial arm; the real one was shot away. The barber who shaves you, the waiter who serves you, the chauffeur who drives you about in his taxi cab move with a limping awkward gait that betrays the fact of a false leg harnessed to a mutilated stump. In a sufficiently wide passage a couple coming toward you—a woman in nurse's garb and a splendid young boy soldier with decorations on his breast—bump into you, almost, it would seem, by intent. As mentally DON'T SELL YOUR BONDS While the United States Army—the marines, the regulars,the guards and the national forces—are giving the Hun the surprise of his cultured life along the Marne and the Aisne, and writing one of the most glowing chapters in American history, a reaction upon their heroic example is seen here at home in the last few days in the increased demand for Thrift Stamps and the expressed determination of Liberty bond holders to retain possession of their securities. Commenting on this psychological effect of the American offensive in France, which is increasing hourly, Motley H. Flint of the Los Angeles Trust and Savings bank said that now is the time for every small American investor left here at home to show himself a fighting effective of the United States government by conserving his money by holding onto his Liberty Bond, and especially his Thrift Stamps, which may be converted into Liberty Bonds and thus make their possessor a more potent factor in the government. "Don't sell your bond," is Mr. Flint's advise. "Hang on to it. By doing that you do not compel Uncle Sam to go out and look for another customer for his securities." "In these war days, when the government stands behind the grocery counter, behind the railway ticket office window and sits at the key of the telegraph instrument, it is a good idea to be on good financial terms with the government by owning bonds and stamps—all you possibly can afford to hold. It makes you a part of the government—of the government that has got to think, and think hard, how to win this war. The improvident's counsel will not be sought, but the voice of the thrifty will be heard." Mr. Flint reiterated previously given advice to the buying public with a small purse not to overlook the cer- the real one was shot away. The barber who shaves you, the waiter who serves you, the chauffeur who drives you about in his taxicab move with a limping awkward gait that betrays the fact of a false leg harnessed to a mutilated stump. In a sufficiently wide passage a couple coming toward you—a woman in nurse's garb and a splendid young boy soldier with decorations on his breast—bump into you, almost, it would seem, by intent. As mentally you start to execute the careless pair for their inexcusable disregard of the common rights of pedestrians, you see that there is a deep, newly healed scar in the youth's temple and that his eyes stare straight ahead of him with an unwinking emptiness of expression, and that his fine young face is beginning to wear that look of blank, bleak resignation which is the mark of one who will walk for all the rest of his days on this earth in the black and utter void of blindness. Behind the battle lines you often see long lines of men whose ages are any where between forty and fifty—tired, dirty, bewhiskered men worn frazzle thin by what they have undergone; men who should be at home with their wives and bairns instead of tolling through wet and cold and misery for endless leagues on sodden roads. Their backs are bent beneath great unwieldy burdens; their hands where they grip their rifles are blue from the chill; their sore and weary feet falter as they drag them, booted in stiff leather and bolstered with mud, from one cheerless billet to another. But they go on, uncomplainingly, as they have been going on uncomplainingly since the second year of this war, doing the thankless and unheroic labor at the back that the ranks at the front may be kept filled with those whom France has left of a suitable age for fighting. You see that the highways are kept in repair by boys of 12 or 13 and by grandsires in their seventies and their eighties, and by crippled soldiers, who work from daylight until dusk upon the rock piles and the earth heaps; that the fields are being tilled—and how well they are being tilled—by young women and old women; that the shops in the smaller towns are minded by children, whose heads sometimes scarcely come above the counters. You see an old woman, as fleshless as a fagot, helping a dog to drag a heavy cart up a rocky street, the two of them together straining and panting idea to be on good financial terms with the government by owning bonds and stamps—all you possibly can afford to hold. It makes you a part of the government—of the government that has got to think, and think hard, how to win this war. The improvident's counsel will not be sought, but the voice of the thrifty will be heard." Mr. Flint reiterated previously given advice to the buying public with a small purse not to overlook the certain financial advantages in Thrift Stamps, and produced figures to clinch the contention of profit in their possession—"Buy for $4.11, sell, or better still, turn them into Liberty bonds at $4.18. Figures produced by a noted French financier, a visitor in Los Angeles, this week, said Mr. Flint should give the American people theme for serious consideration in cross examining themselves as to their patriotic financial duty to their government in this war. These fighes show that the per capita subscription of the Frencr people to war securities of the French republic is $333, while the average income of a French family of five persons is $900. "If we really appreciate what these figures mean," said Mr. Flint, "perhaps we wouldn't so much wonder at the sublime fighting qualities of the French armies. France is 'the buckler of the allies' because every Frenchman is a financial part of the French government. And every man will fight for his money." TO LIST IDLE LAND The North Dakota council of defense has conscripted idle lands in that state, letting them out to farmers who would put them into crops. North Dakota is reported to have increased its flax acreage by 50,000 acres by this means. California still has many thousand acres of idle lands, or lands that are not producing to their full capacity. Much of this land is of good quality and should be in some valuable food crop. The university of California is planning to continue the work which was carried on last year, when over 300,000 acres were listed as available. Owing to lack of data covering location and ownership, only 71,552 acres was actually available for renting. Of this area 23,825 acres or 33.29 per cent was rented to farmers. Do you own idle land? Do youention being called the existence of gees, Uplands and en predicted that tion was taken by vaders, the insects later become a sort ports spoke from with the small, bighana. The excellence decade ago can large numbers oent parts of South the cities as well In parts of Pasadonable Montecito Barbara the ant come a plague. Courageement fortiori Orleans, Augusta cities, reports se city homes have their occupants uavance of these eruces. In the south alaska is declared to hi orchards. It has dustry in New Ojured the poultry impossible the re parts of Louisiana more important cane production. The aphis and o pests by the Arte quote a local au herd dog who gui savagely keeping which cannot ap is not the least powerful small cultural productivity instance of the oselves is threatened emy occupation ruination of crops. That California siege similar to thereral parts of therety values dropping more as a result Argentine ant; amunities had vi under martial lernment in taking to get the ener feared by many vious study of ther study of methods iication is a vital tire community to anyone who tho scope of thtions. For it would short of intelligence work from daylight until dusk upon the rock piles and the earth heaps; that the fields are being tilled—and how well they are being tilled—by young women and old women; that the shops in the smaller towns are minded by children, whose heads sometimes scarcely come above the counters. You see an old woman, as fleshless as a fagot, helping a dog to drag a heavy cart up a rocky street, the two of them together straining and panting against the leather breast yokes. For every kilometer that the foe advances you see the refugees fleeing from their desolated steadings; indeed, you may very accurately gauge the rate of his progress by their number. In one lonely little town in a territory as yet undefiled by actual hostilities I went one morning not long ago into a quaint 13th century church. It was one of three churches in the place; and in point of membership, I think, the smallest of the three. But in the nave, upon a stone pillar gnawed by time with furrows and runnels, I found a little framed placard containing the names, written in fine script, of those communicants who had died in service for their country in this war. The list plainly was incomplete. It included only those who had fallen up to the beginning of last year; the toll for 1917 and 1918 was yet to be added; and yet of the names of the dead out of this one small obscure interior parish there were an even one hundred. I dare say the poll of the whole commune would have shown at least three times as many. France has shown the world how to fight. Now it shows the world how to die. The university of California is planning to continue the work which was carried on last year, when over 300,000 acres were listed as available. Owing to lack of data covering location and ownership, only 71,552 acres was actually available for renting. Of this area 23,825 acres or 33.29 per cent was rented to farmers. Do you own idle land? Do you know of any land that is idle or is not producing what it should? If so, write to Prof. Charles F. Shaw, at the university, Berkeley, and give all the available information regarding the tract. Give the location, including section, quarter section, range and township and also give the name of the owner and his address. Report at once all vacant lands and help California get its maximum area into crop this year. FIGHTING WITH JAZZ BANDS Jazz (clank-clank) is to be put (toot-toot) into Great Britain's (rattle-attle) fighting spirit (zee-ee) in a manner to make the inspiration of bagpipes seem like a lullaby by comparison (zam). E. H. Sothern in a cablegram from France to the Y. M. C. A. war work council in New York urges the immediate sending over of a jazz band with full outrages of cowbells, rattles, steamboat whistles, cocoanut shells and squawks. After introducing the jazz spirit in "Y" huts in England, the jazzers will go to France and vie with the big guns at the front in noise making. Exhaustive life reveals a rapid growth of this due in part to queens which has been as 240. Since 55 eggs each per do not evolve after a period of difficulty of entire group is easy ARGENTINE ANT DOING GREAT DAMAGE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CITRUS INDUSTRY THREATENED BY HUN INVASION FROM SOUTH GOVERNMENT FORCES MUST BE MOBILIZED TO EXTERMINATE THE INTOLERABLE PEST An invasion, as mercilessly efficient for territorial aggression as any military scheme plotted by the Hun, is being carried forward with startling success in peaceful California by countless armies of the Argentine ant, a foreign invader scarcely heard of in this country a decade ago. And because this invasion is actually threatening the stability of a number of productive industries at this crucial time, the fighting of this imported pest becomes an urgent war measure. The Argentine ant was noted in Southern California by government experts as long as ten years ago, attention being called at that time to the existence of colonies in Los Angeles, Uplands and Azusa. It was even predicted that if no definite action was taken to eradicate the invaders, the insects would sooner or later become a serious pest. The experts spoke from their experience with the small, black insect in Louisiana. The excellence of this advice of a decade ago can now be attested by large numbers of residents in differ- The workers among the ants, as with bees are all female which divide the labors in a most thoroughgoing manner, assigning duties to each individual of the community. The queen is fed and tended by a special bodyguard; nurses feed and care for the babies with scrupulous devotion and, in case of flood or other catastrophe carry them to safety wholly without regard for their own lives; the eggs are turned with scientific exactness, just so many times in certain periods and given the requisite hours of sunshine. Nothing is left unthought of, nor neglected in this social and military system, where scouts regularly perform their duties of finding and reporting new sources of food supply, which are forthwith seized in defiance of international law by trained forces under orders to confiscate all available supplies with true Prussian disregard for property rights. The patient persistence and infinite pains expended by the scouts in search of food presents one of the chief difficulties in the struggle to circumvent their invasions. A case is reported where an orange tree was circled at the base with fly paper. Though all ants soon left the tree, according to custom in such cases, by dropping from the limbs, the tree soon again was swarming with the midget barbarians by some seemingly miraculous means, the access still remaining cut off at the base. The mystery was finally solved by finding that a telegraph pole had been climbed and the wire traversed for a long distance to a point where a single leaf of the tree occasionally made a point of contact when blown by the wind. With such astounding ingenuity and persistence to outwit human intelligence is hard put to it for means to thwart these destructive hosts bent on conquest. Of the various means these foreign forces have of making themselves thoroughly disliked by the helpless Boxes of potatoes filled in a field where a disturbed colony hastily seeks its shelter for depositing eggs or queens is an illustration of the many possible ways of unwitting aid in opening up new territory to ant settlement. Cases have been known in the south where one side of a street was made untenable, buildings being deserted by residents, while on the other side no inconvenience was experienced for many months. Withdrawal of food supply causes immediate advancement of the ant tribes, however, so that property near infeste dspots is never safe excepting through the use of barriers. In the employment of these barriers many ingenious devices have been invented in the past years of experience in the South. Architecture has come to be actually influenced by the presence of the ants. Bridges are constructed in New Orleans and other cities with the object of preventing further spread by leaving open spaces at intervals over which the insects cannot cross. Running water entirely surrounding city blocks has frequently been resorted to, and smaller areas are protected by repellant substances such as corrosive sublimate. Still smaller spaces, including interiors of homes and individual trees and plants are protected by such means as vaseline, tanglefoot fly paper and water. These are often effective, though the slightest accumulations of dust or pathways formed by the bodies of dead ants soon furnish trails over which business is again resumed by the watchful survivors. The task of ridding a community of this formidable pest fairly attains the proportions of a scientific undertaking, since thorough knowledge of the ant is quite as complicated as intimate acquaintance with the bee. Though the use of various formulas free to all who apply to the Farm Bureaus and other government agencies is undoubtedly beneficial in holding in only giving with a the cerThrift clinch their posibet better bonds French bees, this give the userious diminishing the financies in this the per other peonch rerage inage inveper per at these, "per-under at of the the buck-French-French will fight of delands in no farm crops. have invalable, long location 200,000 accelsia still the lands, going to this land be in this plan-ch was over 300, available, long location 22 acres caring. Of other cent to you The excellence of this advice of a decade ago can now be attested by large numbers of residents in different parts of Southern California, in the cities as well as in the country. In parts of Pasadena and in the fashionable Montecito district of Santa Barbara the ants have recently become a plague. Nor is immediate encouragement forthcoming, for in New Orleans, Augusta and other Southern cities, reports say, whole blocks of city homes have been deserted by their occupants upon the resistless advance of these enemy aliens. In the south also the Argentine ant is declared to have destroyed entire orchards. It has ruined the flower industry in New Orleans, seriously injured the poultry business and made impossible the raising of rabbits in parts of Louisiana besides the far more important derelition of sugar cane production. The protection of the aphis and other citrus orchard pests by the Argentine ant acts, to quote a local authority, "as a shepherd dog who guards a flock of sheep savagely keeping off all enemies which cannot approach his charge," is not the least count against this powerful small foe to peaceful agricultural production. The actual existence of the orchard trees themselves is threatened by such an enemy occupation, to say nothing of the ruination of crops. That California is facing a period of siege similar to those suffered in several parts of the south, where property values dropped 25 per cent and more as a result of the invasion of the Argentine ant; and where some communities had virtually to be placed under martial law by Federal government in taking extreme measures to get the enemy under control, is feared by many who have made a serious study of the situation. That the study of methods of control and eradication is a vital problem to the entire community is urgently apparent to anyone who gets a glimpse into the scope of these insect depredations. For it would seem that nothing short of intelligent planning and a telegraph pole had been climbed and the wire traversed for a long distance to a point where a single leaf of the tree occasionally made a point of contact when blown by the wind. With such astounding ingenuity and persistence to outwit, human intelligence is hard put to it for means to thwart these destructive hosts bent on conquest. Of the various means these foreign forces have of making themselves thoroughly disliked by the helpless residents of the districts they have captured, perhaps the most dreaded in Southern California is the serious danger of destruction in the citrus groves. Setting hens driven from their nests, baby chicks and young rabbits eaten alive, flowers ruined while still in bud and sugar cane output demolished, is of small consequence here compared to the fear of a ruined citrus industry. The danger to the groves is both a direct one in the destruction of fruit and blossom and an indirect one through the encouragement and protection of the aphis and other citrus enemies. The Argentine ant is particularly fond of the "honey dew," as the secretions of several varieties of the mealy bug and a number of other kinds of insect pests of citrus trees is called. Therefore, the aphis and many kinds of scale, which must constantly be fought in orchards is guarded in close formation by determined ranks of belligerent Argentine ants. The greatest aid to man in fighting orchard pests has been the employment of natural enemies. Some 20 years ago the citrus industry was saved from utter ruin by then prevalent white scale through the introduction of a kind of beetle from Australia called the Vedalia, which Federal research agents found to be an effective enemy to this ruinous scale. Likewise the yearly transportation from certain parts of the mountains of Northern California of many tons of lady bugs, at the present time performs untold benefit in the continuous warfare against these destructive forces. Therefore, the entrance of such formidable reinforcements as are being brought forward by the advance of the Argentine ant is truly a serious check to the campaign for human defense. In retaliation, doubtless, the one altogether effective means of protection would prove the discovery of the natural enemy of the Argentine ant. Such a possibility remains still in the dead ants soon furnish trails over which business is again resumed by the watchful survivors. The task of ridding a community of this formidable pest fairly attains the proportions of a scientific undertaking, since thorough knowledge of the ant is quite as complicated as intimate acquaintance with the bee. Though use of various formulaes free to all who apply to the Farm Bureaus and other government agencies is undoubtedly beneficial in holding in check the increasing annoyance suffered in households, gardens and farms, thorough eradication is quite another and a most important matter. Federal and state experts are constantly at work in laboratory and field in the big work of gathering together adequate fighting forces to contend with the growing encroachments of this impending agricultural affliction. Undoubtedly great good in checking the spread of the Argentine ant can be accomplished by the conscientious observance of precautions by all persons who might carry them from infested districts, and by the use of poisoning and other control methods. Persistent application is the secret of success with these remedies. Since experiment has repeatedly proved that citrus groves and other areas wholly rid of these ants are so soon also fairly well rid of scale and the trouble incident to the pestilent mealy bug and its kind, the task of not only temporarily routing the workers of the ant colonies, but of following up the complete destruction of the young and the eggs is well worth while. With patience even approaching that of the ant offensive defense can be so successfully launched that it may quickly assume the proportions of a counter attack. The most effective means so far discovered is based on the idea of a poison not strong enough to kill the adults, but sufficiently attractive to induce them to feed it to the young. Following is the government formula, the proportions of which have proved satisfactory: (Experience gained in administrating it will aid the novice in learning at least the rediments of ant control.) 15 pounds of sugar. 7½ pints water. ¼ ounce tartaric acid. Boil thirty minutes. Then add: ¾ ounce sodium arsenate. Dissolve in ½ pint hot water. Cool; mix together and add 1½ pounds honey. April chemist to develop plorate then rock beds Then each per pot were trench weight were formed about chemistry and save depositue. The briefly 78 tractor total age were foot 78 en, for made field, mated sodiu would burdle two t he g gether workof s which 150,000 suits do no nitrate. The trice caliche thick below nitra chiefe. The newly lie, ce nitrata. The thie and so go g under martial law by Federal government in taking extreme measures to get the enemy under control, is feared by many who have made a serious study of the situation. That the study of methods of control and eradication is a vital problem to the entire community is urgently apparent to anyone who gets a glimpse into the scope of these insect depredations. For it would seem that nothing short of intelligent planning and a forethought equal to that of the military preparedness campaign of the Hohenzollern system could account for the organized movements of the Argentine ant. From the veriest details of household arrangements, to well systematized advance of their armies into new territory, the story of their accomplishments is nothing sort of startling. The young are cared for, the houses are swept, even the incubators containing the eggs so precious to the colony and furnishing added complication in the problem of eradication, are arranged in a uniform and careful manner to do credit even to German efficiency. Exhaustive scientific study of ant life reveals a truly remarkable development of what might almost be called "civilization"—though perhaps Kultur would be the better word. The rapid growth of the Argentine colonies is due in part to the large proportion of queens supported in each, which has been known to be as high as 240. Since these lay some 50 to 55 eggs each per day and these eggs do not evolve into mature ants until after a period of about 12 weeks, the difficulty of entirely eradicating any one group is easily apparent. forms untold benefit in the continuous warfare against these destructive forces. Therefore, the entrance of such formidable reinforcements as are being brought forward by the advance of the Argentine ant is truly a serious check to the campaign for human defense. In retaliation, doubtless, the one altogether effective means of protection would prove the discovery of the natural enemy of the Argentine ant. Such a possibility remains still in the future, however, for, although it is known that in its native country this insect is not a pest, and the means of natural control, which keeps it within bounds there has so far never been found. All that remains in the meantime is the various means of quarantine, local control and eradication so far as possible, which have already been discovered in this country. When not aided by inadvertent human assistance, the spread of the Argentine ant has been found to be about an eighth of a mile in a year. Its introduction into this country was probably through shipments of some sort received at the port of New Orleans. From there it has gradually made its way to many points, largely through nursery stock, it is thought. The first known colony in Southern California is found at the old Normal school grounds and is believed to have been started by ploneers from tree shipments. Manure carried from infested districts is another common method of transference. Since it is said to be impossible for colonies to live long without a queen, the carrying of worker ants is not dangerous, making it a more simple mater to guard against importations. the proportions of which have proyed satisfactory: (Experience gained in administrating it will aid the novice in learning at least the rediments of ant control.) 15 pounds of sugar. 7½ pints water. ¼ounce tartaric acid. Boll thirty minutes. Then add: ¾ ounce sodium arsenate. Dissolve in ½ pint hot water. Cool; mix together and add 1½ pounds honey. NITRATE DISCOVERY IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Government Investigations Uncovers Deposits In Inyo County In December, 1917, the secretary of the interior was informed that large deposits of nitrate of soda had been discovered in Amargosa valley. Inyo county, southeastern California. As these deposits were said to be large and rich enough to relieve the United States of the necessity of importing from Chile the sodium nitrate required for making munitions and fertilizers, and as the need of using all available shipping for other war work was urgent, the secretary at once called upon the geological survey to examine the deposits. Four geologists were accordingly sent from Washington to make the examination, and on reaching California the party was increased by the addition of another geologist and 10 other men, most of them experienced miners. The deposit was said to be in the valley of Amargosa river, about 2½ miles west of Tecopa and 3½ miles filled in a field colony hastily seeks positing eggs or location of the many, writting aid in opportory to ant settleknown in the south street was made being deserted on the other side has experienced for withdrawal of food immediate advanceribes, however, so infeste dspots is going through the use of these barriers services have been increases of experience architecture has come advanced by the presBridges are condleans and other object of preventing seaving open spaces which the insects using water entirely locks has frequentand smaller areas appellant substances are sublimate. Still including interiors of real trees and plants which means as vasy paper and water. Effective, though the actions of dust or by the bodies of ornish trails over again resumed by borers. A community of it fairly attains the scientific undertakknowledge of the pollicated as intimate to the bee. Though formulas free to all Farm Bureaus and agencies is unual in holding in southwest of Tabriskie, near the Tonopah & Tidewater railroad. The geological survey had already been systematically exploring other well known nitrate deposits along Amargosa river above Death Valley, among them those called the Upper Canyon, Lower Canyon and Saratoga deposits. The results of these explorations indicated that the sodium nitrate in these deposits was small, but the reports as to their character and extent were conflicting, and it was therefore decided to determine conclusively their value. The Amargosa district includes 11 so called nitrate fields, all in or near the valley of Amargosa river—the Zabriskie field, in which the newly found deposit was reported to lie, and the Resting Springs, Tule Springs, Upper Canyon, Lower Canyon (Sperry) Salt Springs, Saratoga, Round Mountain, Valley, Confidence and Owl Springs fields. The exploring party eliminated the deposits in the Salt Springs, Tulee Springs and Resting Springs as probable sources of nitrate by preliminary tests, and sampled in some detail the deposits in the Saratoga, Confidence, Zabriskie, Upper Canyon and Lower Canyon fields. They did not study the remaining fields in detail, for reconnaissance examinations and tests had indicated that the deposits in them were not different from those in the fields examined. The examination covered about 3½ months, from December 26, 1917, to April 4, 1918. Numerous preliminary chemical tests were made in each field to determine favorable places for exploration. Scores of trenches were then dug down to and into the bedrock to determine whether any of the beds were especially rich in nitrate. Then many hundreds of pits were dug, each deep enough to penetrate the upper part of the bedrock. Samples were taken systematically from the trenches and pits, each sample was weighed, and most of the samples carried on the standard army ambulance to the front line trench for the benefit of wounded soldiers. It is desired by army surgeons to lose no time in ascertaining the extent and condition of wounds. The outfit is made up of the Delco gas electric set, the high tension transformer, and the special type of Coolidge tube. Mrs. Stanley McCormick, in charge of the department of food production and home economics of the woman's committee, Council of National Defense, gives this advice to farmerettes: "Watch your feet. Don't ignore footwear. You must have a good spinal column to keep up with a good job. The condition of the spinal column depends greatly on the feet. Be picturesque if you wish, but be sure and wear stout boots to preserve health." A recipe for a wheatless loaf of bread is soon to be made public by the office of home economics of the department of agriculture. It is the discovery of the experiment kitchen conducted jointly by the department of agriculture and the food administration. Directions are to be given for making three new wheat substitute breads—the half wheat loaf, the one-fourth wheat loaf and the wheatless loaf. The recipe is expected to save thousands of pounds of wheat flour. SUGAR REGULATIONS Louis M. Cole, Los Angeles food administrator announced that retail grocers and manufacturers using and selling sugar would be allowed to draw their full allotment, for July. Owing to the fact that no figures were available as to the sugar demands throughout the state and in order that California would not exceed her state sugar allotment, the state food administration had requested these lips of business to cash but one half their sugar certificates for this month. Information from San Francisco states that there seems to Mornish trails over again resumed by farmers. Using a community of but fairly attains the scientific undertaking knowledge of the publicized as intimate to the bee. Though formulas free to all Farm Bureaus and agencies is unful in holding in the increasing amount households, garment through eradication and a most important state experts are in laboratory and work of gathering to lighting forces to growing encroach-ending agricultural plant good in checking the Argentine ant used by the conscientious precautions by all that carry them from land by the use of their control methods. Colon is the secret these remedies. It has repeatedly groves and other of these ants are well rid of scale and want to the pestilent kind, the task of easily routing the most colonies, but of complete destruction of the eggs is well patience even applied the ant offensive so successfully may quickly assume a counter attack. It means so far disobey the idea of a enough to kill the recently attractive to lend it to the young government formula, which have proved experience gained in will aid the novice at the rediments of sugar. Acid. Sultes. Then add: arsenate. Point hot water. Other and add 1½ April 4, 1918. Numerous preliminary chemical tests were made in each field to determine favorable places for exploration. Scores of trenches were then dug down to and into the bedrock to determine whether any of the beds were especially rich in nitrate. Then many hundreds of pits were dug, each deep enough to penetrate the upper part of the bedrock. Samples were taken systematically from the trenches and pits, each sample was weighed, and most of the samples were ground, mixed, and divided to form representative samples weighing about a pound each. Preliminary chemical tests of more than a thousand samples showed that many of the deposits were of no commercial value. The results of the work may be briefly summarized as follows: In all, 78 trenches were dug, which had a total length of 3,700 feet and an average depth of 2 feet 11 inches; 959 pits were dug to an average depth of 1 foot 7 inches; 1,085 samples were taken, from which 930 analyses were made. In the so called Upper Canyon field, at Acme Sliling, 98 acres is estimated to contain 1,480 short tons of sodium nitrate, but an overburden of about 100,000 tons would have to be removed in order to extract the caliche containing this nitrate. In the so called Lower Canyon field 70 acres is estimated to contain 510 tons of sodium nitrate, the recovery of which would involve the removal of an overburden of about 50,000 tons. These two tracts are the largest and best of the ground examined, and taken, together, include 168 acres, which if workable, might yield 1,980 short tons of sodium nitrate, the recovery of which would involve the removal of 150,000 tons of overburden. The results of examinations at other places do not justify estimates of tonnage of nitrate. The Survey's explorations have led to the following conclusions: The nitrate in the Amargosa district occurs in a blanket of so called caliche, about 5 inches in average thickness, which lies about 9 inches below the surface of the ground. The nitrate is accompanied by other salts, chiefly sodium chloride. The Zabriskle field, in which the newly found deposit was reported to lie, contains no commercially valuable nitrate. The quantity of nitrate available in the Amargosa district is so small and the cost of production would be so great that the district cannot as a grocers and manufacturers using and selling sugar would be allowed to draw their full allotment, for July. Owing to the fact that no figures were available as to the sugar demands throughout the state and in order that California would not exceed her state sugar allotment, the state food administration had requested these lips of business to cash but one half their sugar certificates for this month. Information from San Francisco states that there seems to be a satisfactory supply of sugar in the state at the present time, but the voluntary saving of sugar should be continued. It is said there are 6000 retail grocers in this district who will be affected by the order. Home canners will be allowed sugar as in the past, but the practice of making a sworn statement that sugar in ten pound lots or over is to be used for preserving purposes only has been discontinued. Retailers of sugar are now allowed to sell sugar in moderate quantities without receiving a statement as to its uses. MORE SHORT WEIGHT BUTTER County Sealer of Weights and Measures Geo. McPhee last week condemned and seized over 200 pounds of shortweight butter shipped in here from Los Angeles, and the shipper, after an interview with Judge Cox, enriched the county treasurer to the amount of $25, that being the sum of the fine imposed by his honor against the Los Angeles butter man for violation of the State Net Container Act to which the Los Angeles man pleaded guilty. McPhee says he got a hunch Thursday from a woman who talked with him over the phone but declined to give her name and acting on the hint he made investigation that resulted in landing the short weight butter. McPhee also says that if more women would do as this unknown informant did and call him up when they know of shortweight commodities being offered for sale it would much facilitate more thorough and efficient enforcement of the law and would enable him to correct certain abuses that are in daily practice along certain lines. Undersheriff Jack Iman was in town Monday on official business. When in Need of Job Printing call at the Gazette Office 17, the secretary of unformed that large amount of soda had been Margosa valley. Inyo California. As he said to be large he relieve the United necessity of importing sodium nitrate required tons and fertilizers, using all available war work was ur- that once called upon key to examine the geologists were ac- from Washington to tion, and on reach- party was increased of another geologist most of them ex- said to be in the Omaha river, about 2½ miles caliche, about 8 inches in average thickness, which lies about 9 inches below the surface of the ground. The nitrate is accompanied by other salts, chiefly sodium chloride. The Zabriskle field, in which the newly found deposit was reported to lie, contains no commercially valuable nitrate. The quantity of nitrate available in the Amargosa district is so small and the cost of production would be so great that the district cannot as a whole be regarded as a source of commercial nitrate. No further work on the areas already examined is justified, except, perhaps, as purely scientific research. BRIEF NOTES Paper thread is a Denmark war substitute for use in binder twine. Wheat is selling for $50 a bushel in Turkey reports the American and Syrian relief commission in Turkey. Before the war the normal price was 50 to 60 cents per bushel. The postal censorship board, post office department, announces that translators of Spanish are in demand at New York and other port cities. These positions are open to women who can translate accurately and quickly. Bastile Day, July 14, the French republic national holiday, was observed and celebrated this year on land and sea by American land and navy forces under special orders in like manner as is observed the American 4th of July. The army medical department has developed a mobile X-ray outfit to be