anaheim-gazette 1910-03-24

THE SOURCES OF OUR WATER SUPPLY WHERE IT COMES FROM, AND TO WHAT USES IT IS PUT Tri-Counties Reforestation Committee Issues pamphlet giving valuable information to irrigators — Records Show Water is Supplied by Natural Resources The Tri-Counties Reforestation Committee has issued a neat pamphlet giving information as to the purposes of the organization and the source and uses of the water supply. An article by S. Armor of Orange under the caption, "The Source of Water Supply," will be of interest at the present moment. The article was printed in these columns last year, but on account of its timely nature and the importance of the subject treated upon it will repay derusal by our readers: Considerable misapprehension arises in the minds of some people about the source of the water which flows seaward from the interior. What produces it? Where does it come from? These questions may not arise in sections where the source of the supply is manifest to all in the frequent rains; but in the arid regions of the West it is often cause for wonder that water will continue to flow in some of the streams eight or nine months without replenishment from the rains, and even two or three years, in exceptional cases, with a very scant supply. Quite recently an otherwise intelli-than either of the other two, it will not do to press it too far or rely on it very much. In a few exceptional cases, where there is clay or hardpan near the surface, like the plains of Fresno or some of the mesa west of Riverside, irrigating water will be arrested in its downward course through the soil and be deflected toward the stream by the dip of the impervious sub-stratum until the lower edge of the mesa and the bottom-land become saturated and a small quantity of water reaches the stream. But in the great majority of cases, where the soil is deep and underlaid with a loose formation, none of the water used in irrigation on the mesa away from the stream ever finds its way back to the river again—at least not without being reinforced by winter rains, when water becomes a drug in the market. This fact is demonstrated by the wells along the lower edge of the mesa which is drenched winter and summer by the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company's canals; the water rises and falls in these wells according to rainfall, the wet and the dry years, but it is never affected by the irrigation immediately above the wells. The only reasons given for this return-seepage theory are that, notwithstanding the diversion of all the water from the channel above, a large stream appears below and that the stream is greater now, since the practice of irrigation, than it was before. In answer to the first reason, it may be stated that it is usual for a stream to have additions to its volume along the whole length of its channel, whether its waters be diverted for irrigation or not. If the upper supply be diverted, the addition will take its place to continue the stream; but where these additions Chino for 30 yrs Corona from Corona for 30 yrs Riverside from Riverside for Redlands from Redlands for Average for main basin, for Rainfall of Mount Holcomb Creek 17.81. Deep Creek, Upper Holcomb Green Valley, Little Bear Valley Morse's, 48.48. Grass Valley, Squirrel Inn, 32. Bear Valley, 53. Average 9 abeyears—31.92. Average 9 abeyears—33.84. Inasmuch as thaof the Santa Ana into mountains, he as there is no k rainfall in the hill 20.00 inches would rainfall for them nual rainfall, then classes of territordrainage-basin of Rincon, would strMountains for Hills for 30 yrs Valleys for 30 yrs The territory, in age-basin of the S been classified b resident hydrograngovernment, as foMountains, Sq. Hills, 382. Valleys, 525. Total 1464. ward from the interior. What produces it? Where does it come from? These questions may not arise in sections where the source of the supply is manifest to all in the frequent rains; but in the arid regions of the West it is often cause for wonder that water will continue to flow in some of the streams eight or nine months without replenishment from the rains, and even two or three years, in exceptional cases, with a very scant supply. Quite recently an otherwise intelligent man pointed out some prominent rocks far up the mountain as "water-making rocks," which he said produced the water in the Santa Ana river. An article in the California Cultivator from the facile pen of Wm. M. Bristol of East Highlands, California, seriously advocated the theory that a portion, at least, of the underground-water in the basin of the Santa Ana river comes through under the San Bernardino mountains from the Mojave desert, or even from the remote Rocky mountains. A number of eminent engineers, finding considerable water entering the river in its middle and lower course after all had been taken out for irrigation higher up, jumped to the conclusion that the water entering below was the identical water taken out above. All of these theories are more or less wrong as will appear during the progress of this discussion. The first theory, that the water in the river is the product of certain "water-making rocks," is absurd, the vagary of an ignorant and superstitious mind. An examination of these rocks discloses nothing unusual about them, no chemical action taking place and no sign of water anywhere near them. It is strange that such a theory should be invented and still stranger that any one would believe it. The second theory, that water comes through under the mountain range, is not much more reasonable than the first. Think of it. That mountain range forms a rock dam many miles in thickness and more than a mile high. The weight of such a mass of matter, in the upheaval and contraction, would compact and solidify the underlying stratum until every vestige of a crack would disappear; if it were possible to conceive of "millions of crevices many miles in length" being produced by any cause in such material, the first seismic action with such a superimposed weight would close up every one instantly. From the excavations already made in the the water from the channel above, a large stream appears below and that the stream is greater now, since the practice of irrigation, than it was before. In answer to the first reason, it may be stated that it is usual for a stream to have additions to its volume along the whole length of its channel, whether its waters be diverted for irrigation or not. If the upper supply be diverted, the addition will take its place to continue the stream; but where these additions come from is another story, as Rudyard Kipling says, which will be told best in figures later in this article. In answer to the second reason, it may be denied that the stream is greater now than before the practice of irrigation, on the testimony of those familiar with the Santa Ana river for a generation. Even if it were so, the explanation would be found in the greater proportion of the rainfall, that now sinks into the cultivated fields and shaded orchards of the valley, thus allowing less run-off and evaporation, rather than in return-seepage from irrigation. The supernatural and imaginative theories to account for the water in the Santa Ana river having thus been disposed of, it now remains to explain the real source of the supply and to show that the stream is replenished in the usual way by natural causes. The drainage-basin of the Santa Ana river includes, in addition to the mountain slopes of its tributaries all the portion of that great inland valley east of Pomona, which extends from the San Bernardino mountains on the north to the range of hills on the south separating it from the lower valley facing the coast. The surface of this inland valley slopes toward the river, which passes through it, and also toward the hills on the south, finding its lowest level below Rincon, where the river breaks through the range of hills on its way to the ocean. The winter rains descend each year with varying quantity upon the entire surface of the drainage-basin of the river, furnishing all the water, surface, sub-surface and artesian, within such basin; the part that does not instantly run off or evaporate sinks into the soil to supply the underground reservoirs and to ooze into the stream along down the channel. Andrew C. Lawson, professor of geology in the University of California, expressed the opinion that the canyon through the hills below Rincon is an erosion of the river and that there is no other the water from the channel above, a large stream appears below and that the stream is greater now, since the practice of irrigation, than it was before. In answer to the first reason, it may be stated that it is usual for a stream to have additions to its volume along the whole length of its channel, whether its waters be diversed for irrigation or not. If the upper supply be diverted, the addition will take its place to continue the stream; but where these additions come from is another story, as Rudyard Kipling says, which will be told best in figures later in this article. In answer to the second reason, it may be denied that the stream is greater now than before the practice of irrigation, on the testimony of those familiar with the Santa Ana river for a generation. Even if it were so, the explanation would be found in the greater proportion of the rainfall, that now sinks into the cultivated fields and shaded orchards of the valley, thus allowing less run-off and evaporation, rather than in return-seepage from irrigation. The supernatural and imaginative theories to account for the water in the Santa Ana river having thus been disposed of, it now remains to explain the real source of the supply and to show that the stream is replenished in the usual way by natural causes. The drainage-basin of the Santa Ana river includes, in addition to the mountain slopes of its tributaries all the portion of that great inland valley east of Pomona, which extends from the San Bernardino mountains on the north to the range of hills on the south separating it from the lower valley facing the coast. The surface of this inland valley slopes toward the river, which passes through it, and also toward the hills on the south, finding its lowest level below Rincon, where the river breaks through the range of hills on its way to the ocean. The winter rains descend each year with varying quantity upon the entire surface of the drainage-basin of the river, furnishing all the water, surface, sub-surface and artesian, within such basin; the part that does not instantly run off or evaporate sinks into the soil to supply the underground reservoirs and to ooze into the stream along down the channel. Andrew C. Lawson, professor of geology in the University of California, expressed the opinion that the canyon through the hills below Rincon is an erosion of the river and that there is no other the water from the channel above, a large stream appears below and that the stream is greater now, since the practice of irrigation, than it was before. In answer to the first reason, it may be stated that it is usual for a stream to have additions to its volume along the whole length of its channel, whether its waters be diversed for irrigation or not. If she upper supply be diverted, the addition will take its place to continue the stream; but where these additions come from is another story, as Rudyard Kipling says, which will be told best in figures later in this article. In answer to the second reason, it may be denied that the stream is greater now than before the practice of irrigation, on the testimony of those familiar with the Santa Ana river for a generation. Even if it were so, the explanation would be found in the greater proportion of the rainfall, that now sinks into the cultivated fields and shaded orchards of the valley, thus allowing less run-off and evaporation, rather than in return-seepage from irrigation. The supernatural and imaginative theories to account for the water in... in thickness and more than a mile high. The weight of such a mass of matter, in the upheaval and contraction, would compact and solidify the underlying stratum until every vestige of a crack would disappear; if it were possible to conceive of "millions of crevices many miles in length" being produced by any cause in such material, the first seismic action with such a superimposed weight would close up every one instantly. From the excavations already made in the mountainside it is learned that the seams and fissures near the surface, caused by the action of the atmosphere and descending water, entirely disappear and the rock becomes almost too hard to pick or drill toward the center of gravity of the mountain. Even where the water has excavated caves and crevices near the surface, the first earthquake closes them up, as the one did at San Jacinto three years ago, when it settled several acres of land near the base of the mountain from three to seven feet. Besides, the silt in the water from the surface washings would soon close up the "million devious crevices," as every body sees that it has done in the clay seams found in rock taken from any quarry near the surface. A piece of two-inch pipe twenty feet long under a driveway with good fall and considerable pressure has been known to fill up solid more than once with the silt from the soil above the pipe. In view of these facts and illustrations it is reasonable to conclude that none of the underground water in the basin of the Santa Ana river comes through under the San Bernardino range of mountains from the Mojave desert or elsewhere; it is physically impossible for it to do so. While the third theory, that the water in the middle and lower course of the river is return-seepage from the irrigation above, has more merit the drainage-basin of the river, furnishing all the water, surface, sub-surface and artesian, within such basin; the part that does not instantly run off or evaporate sinks into the soil to supply the underground reservoirs and to ooze into the stream along down the channel. Andrew C. Lawson, professor of geology in the University of California, expressed the opinion that the canyon through the hills below Rincon is an erosion of the river and that there is no other exit, surface or subterranean; for the water from this inland basin. The deep borings for oil along the hills corroborate this opinion. A record, therefore, of the rainfall within the exterior boundaries of the drainage-basin of the river would be a pretty accurate measure of all the water that could be counted on to supply the stream, wells and evaporation in said basin. The following figures, which cover the widest possible range of the territory involved, are authentic and fairly represent the facts and conclusions which they purport to show. The rainfall at San Bernardino is the actual record of that place for thirty years, commencing with the winter of 1870-71. The rainfall for each of the other places is approximated for thirty years by comparing the actual record of each, as far back as any exists, with the record of San Bernardino for the same years and then adding to or subtracting from the San Bernardino rainfall the difference between the two. The record is in inches and is the annual average for the periods indicated here: Rainfall of Inland Valley, Main Basin San Bernardino for 30 years, 15.69. Ontario from 1892 to 1900, 12.16. Ontario for 30 years, 15.59. Pomona from 1877 to 1900, 18.15. Pomona for 30 years, 17.93. Chino from 1893 to 1900, 12.05. ANAHEIM GAZETTE Chino for 30 years, 16.55. Corona from 1888 to 1900, 11.77. Corona for 30 years, 12.71. Riverside from 1880 to 1900, 9.99. Riverside for 30 years, 10.00. Redlands from 1888 to 1900, 15.48. Redlands for 30 years, 16.42. Average for seven above towns, main basin, for 30 years, 14.98. Rainfall of Mountains, Upper Basins Holcomb Creek from 1891 to 1898, 17.81. Deep Creek, same period, 28.28. Upper Holcomb, 13.25. Green Valley, 33.38. Little Bear Valley, 28.74. Morse's, 48.48. Grass Valley, 31.08. Squirrel Inn, 32.59. Bear Valley, 53.70. Average 9 above stations for 8 years—31.92. Average 9 above stations for 30 years—33.84. Inasmuch as the area of the basin of the Santa Ana river is subdivided into mountains, hills and valleys and as there is no known record of the rainfall in the hills, it is assumed that 20.00 inches would be a fair average rainfall for them. The average annual rainfall, therefore, for the three classes of territory embraced in the drainage-basin of the river above Rincon, would stand as follows: Mountains for 30 yrs., in., 33.84. Hills for 30 yrs., 20.00. Valleys for 30 yrs., 14.98. The territory, included in the drainage-basin of the Santa Ana river, has been classified by J. B. Lippincott, resident hydrographer of the Federal government, as follows: Mountains, Sq. Miles, 557. Hills, 382. Valleys, 525. Total: 1464. account for all the water in the basin of the river, nevertheless it is limited, and this limit should be recognized in every plan for water development. The chances for successful development, too, are very much less at any particular point than the aggregate rainfall in the entire basin would seem to promise, because only a small part of such rainfall ever reaches that particular point by percolation and that, too, very slowly. A man, who regularly draws out more money from the bank than he deposits, will come to the end of his credit after a while; so any plan, which contemplates taking out more water continuously than is put in by the rain during a corresponding period, would eventually wreck its promoters, if put to the test. It is not probable that much can be done by man to increase the rainfall; but he can at least improve upon his methods of conserving and utilizing what he receives. Artificial reservoirs are generally too small and expensive to be of much service in proportion to the outlay; but the storage capacity of the catchment-basin of the river can be greatly increased. Cultivation of the soil and the growth of vegetation throughout the valley section would facilitate the absorption of the rainfall and retard the surface drainage. This process is being worked out naturally by the turning of cattle and sheep ranges into well-tilled farms and orchards. The planting and protection of trees and shrubs over the watershed of the mountain section, with their leaves, roots, and humus, would help to hold back the water for summer delivery. For obvious reasons the improvement and care of the mountainous portion of the catchment-basin of the... Rincon, would stand as follows: Mountains for 30 yrs., in., 33.84. Hills for 30 yrs., 20.00. Valleys for 30 yrs., 14.98. The territory, included in the drainage-basin of the Santa Ana river, has been classified by J. B. Lippincott, resident hydrographer of the Federal government, as follows: Mountains, Sq. Miles, 557. Hills, 382. Valleys, 525. Total, 1464. If the water, which actually falls upon the drainage-basin of the river each year, could be collected into one body, it would make a yearly average of nearly two million acre-feet, computed as follows: Mountains, 33.84 inches of rainfall on 557 sq. miles will produce 43,789,-718,016 cubic feet water. Hills, 20 inches of rainfall on 382 sq. miles will produce 17,749,248,000. Valleys, 14.98 inches of rainfall on 525 sq. miles will produce 18,280,563,-840. Total—79,819,529,856. And 79,819,529,856 cubic feet of water equal 1,832,404 acre feet. It is customary for engineers to discount the rainfall 50 per cent for evaporation and run-off; but, on account of the steep, bare slopes of the mountains and the dry atmosphere of the interior, it is thought best to discount the mountain rainfall 75 per cent, that of the hills 66-2-3 per cent, and that of the valleys 50 per cent. Applying these discounts, turning the water into running water and distributing it over the entire year, the following results appear: Mountain rainfall, discounted 75 per cent, equals 10,947,429,504 cubic feet; turned into running water, equals 547,371,475,200 inches per second; distributed over the entire year, equals 17,345 inches. Hill rainfall, discounted 66-2-3 per cent, equals 5,916,416,000 cubic feet; turned into running water, equals 295,820,800,000 inches per second; distributed over the entire year, equals 9374 inches. Valley rainfall, discounted 50 per cent, equals 9,140,281,920 cubic feet; turned into running water, equals 457,014,096,000 inches per second; distributed over the entire year, equals 14,482 inches. Total available water within the basin equals 41,201 inches. It will thus be seen that, after a very liberal allowance for evaporation and run-off, there is still more valley section would facilitate the absorption of the rainfall and retard the surface drainage. This process is being worked out naturally by the turning of cattle and sheep ranges into well-tilled farms and orchards. The planting and protection of trees and shrubs over the watershed of the mountain section, with their leaves, roots, and humus, would help to hold back the water for summer delivery. For obvious reasons the improvement and care of the mountainous portion of the catchment-basin of the stream must necessarily fall upon the Federal government. With this understanding, the government has set apart 1152 square miles, or 737,280 acres, as a forest reserve in the San Bernardino mountains, including the sources of the Santa Ana river and its principal tributaries. If the channel of the river could also be withdrawn from private ownership and be encouraged to grow up like a jungle, it would prevent evaporation and obstruct the rapid flow of the water. In line with these views, most irrigators dread the advent of the power companies upon the streams used for irrigation. They believe the hurrying of the spring freshets from the mountains through pipes and conduits to the valleys below will leave little water in the streams for summer and fall. Now the foregoing conclusions are not based upon mere hypothetical assumptions; they are the certain consequences of the antecedent facts disclosed in the records of rainfall. The lesson to be learned from these conclusions is that to get the best results from a stream for irrigation the users of the water must assist nature in conserving the rainfall and not needlessly drain the natural reservoirs and denude the surface of the watershed for the sake of temporary gain, thereby killing the goose that laid the golden eggs. SAMUEL ARMOR, Orange, Calif. TROUT SAFE TILL MAY Rainbow Beauties May Not Be Taken Until that Month W. K. Robinson, deputy fish and game commissioner, has received notice from the Los Angeles office of the commission, that an interpretation of the state law concerning the open season for trout was made at a meeting held on March 7. Last year, owing to the fact that the season for steelhead trout and other trout opened on different dates many men went out fishing before the seasonfection) Apples, Peaches, Plums, Pears Apricots, Etc. Golden State Greenhouses 151 South Pixley St., Phone 773 ORANGE,CAL Commercial Hotel FIRST-CLASS DINING ROOM AND BAR Handsomely Furnished Rooms Everything neat and clean A home for the Traveling Public A trial will convince. JOHN ZIEGLER Manager Y. M.C.A. Day Commercial School High grade training in Bookkeeping, Stenograpby, Accountancy and Law Men teachers home influences low tuition graduates if demand. Freeing courses in Engineering Drafting Automobile etc. Send for catalogue. Y. M. C. A., Los Angeles Cal. R. C. SPOERL Gunsmith & Mechanician Guns,Sporting Goods,Base Ball and Tennis Goods. Electric Furnishings,Batteries Wiring Etc. Good Positions may be secured by fitting yourself as an accountant or stenographer at Orange Co. Business College We have more calls every week than we can fill at salaries $10 to $25 per week Apply at once by letter or in person for Free Catalogue Address J. W. McCORMAC Principal, SANTA ANA,CALIFORNIA. A V. WHEELER E B. DOUGLAS Douglas & Wheeler Carriage and Automobile Painters Auto Painting a Specialty. Try us and be Convinced 122 N. LOS ANGELES STREET Mission Stables Valley rainfall, discounted 50 per cent, equals 9,140,281,920 cubic feet; turned into running water, equals 457,014,096,000 inches per second; distributed over the entire year, equals 14,482 inches. Total available water within the basin equals 41,201 inches. It will thus be seen that, after a very liberal allowance for evaporation and run-off, there is still more than enough of the average rainfall (41,201 inches of perennial water) to account for all the water that has shown up in the basin of the river, without inducing more through the mountains or using any of it the second time. If it were otherwise, and there really were more water in the basin than the figures would indicate there should be, then the allowance for evaporation and run-off is too large. Since all of the water in the basin is supplied by the rainfall and none of it escapes by secret passages there must be a correlation between the total rainfall and the aggregate quantity of water in the basin, including the evaporation and run-off. Then again, half of the valley and half of the hill rainfall—the part which would drain into the channel below where the stream is all diverted by Riverside—would furnish more water (11,928 inches of perennial water) than now shows up below that point; hence there is no need of inventing a return-seepage theory to account for the appearance of such water in the lower channel. While undoubtedly there is more or less return-seepage, the quantity is insignificant in comparison with the amount of water supplied by the rainfall. Still another conclusion may be drawn from the records of the rainfall; while the rainfall is ample to Rainbow Beauties May Not Be Taken Until that Month W. K. Robinson, deputy fish and game commissioner, has received notice from the Los Angeles office of the commission, that an interpretation of the state law concerning the open season for trout was made at a meeting held on March 7. Last year, owing to the fact that the season for steelhead trout and the other trout opened on different dates many men went out fishing before the season had opened. According to the commission, the season for steelhead trout opens on April 1, for other trout on May 1. The following was taken from the report of the March 7th meeting: It was the sense of the meeting that commencing April 1, steelhead trout should be allowed to be taken wherever found, irrespective of the distance from tidewater. Deputy Pritchard in his letter to Robinson says: "The streams in your county, I think, contain only rainbow trout. Such being the case, there will be no fishing there until May 1." Deputy Robinson says that this year the law will be strictly enforced in this county in regard to size and limit. A close watch of streams will be kept during the season and any man, woman or child caught with a trout under five inches in length or with more than fifty trout will be prosecuted. There is much money spent in putting trout fry into the streams, and it is the intention of the commission and deputies to protect them. "Sportsmen say that if a small fish is taken off the hook carefully and thrown back the fish will live. The best method for the fishermen to follow would be to use a hook large enough so the little fellows cannot get it," said Robinson. Is Your Money at Work for You? 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MAIN OFFICE 122 Center St. - Anaheim, Cal. Both Phones—Use Them Fullerton Office - Tribune Bldg. HARDWARE Is our Specialty. Call and examine our line of Tools. We carry the largest assortment of Cook Stoves in the city. Heaters as well and gas plates. No ranges. A. NAGEL Cor. Center and Claudina Sts., - Anaheim, California A Timely Tip To Travelers About Eastern Excursions From Los Angeles and other points from which same fares apply, round trip tickets will be sold by Southern Pacific via direct lines, as follows: DESTINATIONS Atchison and Leavenworth, Kan., Council Bluffs and Pacific Junction, Ia., Kansas City and St. Joseph, Mo., Omaha, Neb. $60.00 Chicago, Ill. 72.50 St. Louis, Mo. and Memphis, Teunn 67.50 New Orleans, La. 67.50 Houston and Mineola, Texas 60.00 Baltimore, Md. and Washington, D.C. 107.50 Boston, Mass 110.50 New York, N.Y. and Philadelphia, Pa. 108.50 Montreal, Canada 108.50 Duluth, Minn. 79.50 St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minn. 73.50 Toronto, Canada 95.70 Other cities in proportion. The above fares apply only via direct routes—through San Francisco and Ogden, through El Paso or through New Orleans. For tickets one way via Shasta Route and Portland fares will be $24.50 higher from Los Angeles and $25.50 higher from Riverside, Colton and San Bernardino. DATES OF SALE To Chicago, St. Louis, New Orleans, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Washington, New York and Boston, April 6, 7, 8, 1910, and to all points named above, on May 11, 12, 13, 14, 25, 26, 27, June 2, 3, 4, 24, 25, 26, 30, July 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 25, 26, 27, August 1, 2, 3, 4, September 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, 14. GOING AND RETURN LIMITS Going transit limit of all tickets will be fifteen days to final Eastern destination and return limit three months after date of sale, but not exceeding Oct. 31, 1910. For tickets one way via Shasta Route and Portland fares will be $24.50 higher from Los Angeles and $25.50 higher from Riverside, Colton and San Bernardino. DATES OF SALE To Chicago, St. Louis, New Orleans, Baltimore, Philadelphia, Washington, New York and Boston, April 6, 7, 8, 1910. and to all points named above, on May 11, 12, 13, 14, 25, 26, 27, June 2, 3, 4, 24, 25, 26, 30, July 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 25, 26, 27, August 1, 2, 3, 4, September 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13, 14. GOING AND RETURN LIMITS Going transit limit of all tickets will be fifteen days to final Eastern destination and return limit three months after date of sale, but not exceeding Oct. 31, 1910. EXCEPTION—On tickets to Atlantic Coast points, sold in May and June in connection with tickets to Europe, return limit will be four months, but not exceeding Oct. 31, 1910. STOPOVERS Stopovers will be allowed on going trip, within transit limit, at any point outside California as far East as Chicago, St. Louis, New Orleans, etc., and on return trip at any point up to original starting point. In addition to foregoing regular excursions will be reduced fares for various. CONVENTIONS New Orleans—Mystic Shrine. Fare $67.50. Sale dates Apr. 6, 7, and 8. On same dates tickets will be sold, good via New Orleans if desired, to St. Louis at $67.50; Chicago, $72.50; Washington and Baltimore. $107.50; Philadelphia and New York, $108.50; Boston, $110.50. Cincinnati—Women's Clubs. Sale dates May 2 and 3. Boston—N.E.A. Sale dates June 24, 25, 26. Saratoga Springs—B.Y.P.U. Sale dates June 30, July 1, 2, 3. Detroit—B. P. O. E. Sale dates July 4, 5, 6. Milwaukee—K. of P. Sale dates July 25, 26, 27. Atlantic City—G. A. R. Sale dates Sept. 11, 12, 13, 14. Fares for above named Conventions may be obtained from any Southern Pacific ticket ag't as soon as decided upon. Steamship Tickets to all parts of the world. Southern Pacific Is the Way Phone J. M. PICKERING, Anaheim, Cal. Pacific 1231, Home 1724. ARTISTIC JOB PRINTING AT THE GAZETTE OFFICE