anaheim-gazette 1909-08-26

A TITAN OF MONOPOLIES UP-STATE POWER COMPANIES VERITABLE OCTOPUS Touches Lives of More Than Half the People of California in Public Utilities — Acquires Energy From River Once in Public Domain The Pacific Gas and Electric Company is the largest concern now engaged in the business of generating and selling hydro-electric power in California. Maps of its field of operations show it to be in the wealthiest and most populous part of the state and shows in a vivid way the fact that this one company touches the lives of more than half the people of California in one or another of their public utilities. This company operates in twenty-nine counties of California. It supplies current to thirty individual lighting companies and to twelve electric railway companies. It sells current direct in forty-two cities and towns in California, as follows: Belmont, Belvedere, Berkeley, Browns Valley, Burlingame, Chico, Centerville, Corte Madera, Colusa, Dobbins, Emeryville, Grass Valley, Loomis, Marysville, Mayfield, Menlo Park, Mill Valley, Mountain View, Mokelumne Hill, Napa, Nevada, City, Newcastle, Oakland, Palo Alto, Penryn, Petaluma, Redwood City, Rocklin, San Anselmo, San Francisco, San Mateo, San Jose, San Rafael, Santa Rosa, Sacramento, San Andreas, Sausalito, Sunnyvale, Tiburon, Woodland, Yolo, and Yuba City. Besides selling direct to the above-named, it sells current wholesale to companies that supply light or power at Davis, Dixon Elmira, Winters,Rio river; and one on the Mokelumne. More than half the power resources of one of these rivers—the Yuba—are in the hands of this company. A very large share of the resources of the other rivers are also controlled by them through filings upon water in excess of the water necessary for the plants already in operation. To provide against dry years the company has built thirty-one reservoirs, having a storage capacity of 25 billion gallons of water. The reservoirs are also insurance against the variations in "load," as electricians call the quantity of power being delivered over the transmission lines at a given time. This load varies enormously. During the rush hours of street railway traffic and during the early night, when most of the lighting is done, it approaches the maximum capacity of the plants. After midnight it drops far below that capacity, and the average load thus falls much below the rated maximum capacity of the plants. But "during the twelve months ending June 30, 1907, the output of electricity for lighting and power purposes was equivalent to 351,578,335 kilowatt hours (53,780 average continuous horsepower), of which 76 per cent was produced in hydraulic plants." This is quoted from a prospectus issued by N. W. Halsey & Co., soliciting subscriptions to the "Proposed Issue of Thirty-Year Unifying and Funding Mortgage Gold Bonds by the California Gas and Electric Corporations," a constituent corporation of the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. In other words, the average constant generation of electric power by this company was two years ago, equivalent to power generated by steam engines of 40,872 horsepower capacity working twenty-four hours every day. The value of this power is explainably. Their success increased the usefulness and enterprises the world. From the list in the graph preceding this through what company directly to the revenue Gas and Electric company four of these subsidiary supply gas only; most electricity. With this list in glance at the map, and force of the foliage above may be gathered. "The business of so diversified and coated territory and then well equipped for education on a large scale strong grip on the ownership of districts in the chief cities would be difficult for to do it serious injury." This quotation is Pacific Gas and Electric now has a practical power market of C maintained "through of distributing systems and towns"—the preceding paragraph quotation is two years today. The company everything in its power control of that man its own lines and ownership of further items. A statement in a neer's report is in connection: "A consolidation holdings of the Californic Corporation, er company, and th Light and Power co." field, Menlo Park, Mill Valley, Mountain View, Mokelumne Hill, Napa, Nevada, City, Newcastle, Oakland, Palo Alto, Penryn, Petaluma, Redwood City, Rocklin, San Anselmo, San Francisco, San Mateo, San Jose, San Rafael, Santa Rosa, Sacramento, San Andreas, Sausalito, Sunnyvale, Tiburon, Woodland, Yolo, and Yuba City. Besides selling direct to the above-named, it sells current wholesale to companies that supply light or power at Davis, Dixon, Elmira, Winters,Rio Vista, Wheatland, Rosedale, Lincoln, Vacaville, Washington (Yolo county), Richmond, Suisun, Pinole, Sebastopol, Alta, Dutch Flat, Gridley, Biggs, Auburn, Colfax, Folsom, Stockton,Tourney, Vallejo, and Santa Clara. In addition, it supplies part or all the power used by the following electric railway companies: The Oakland Traction Company and the "Key Route," which together operate all the railways in Oakland, Berkeley, Alameda, Fruitvale, Melrose, Emeryville, San Leandro, San Lorenzo, Elmhurst, and Piedmont. The Sacramento Electric, Gas and Railway company, which operates the street railway system of Sacramento; The Stockton Electric Railroad company which operates the street railway system of Stockton; The San Jose Railway company, operating the street railway system of San Jose; The San Jose and Santa Clara county railroad company which operates in Palo Alto and which, when building now under way is completed, will connect Santa Clara with San Francisco; The North Shore Railway Company, now absorbed by the Northwestern Pacific Railroad company, which connects Sausalito, Larkspur, Mill Valley, Rose, San Anselmo, Fairfax, and San Rafael; The Vallejo, Benicia and Napa Valley Railroad Company, which connects Vallejo and Napa and through its subsidiary company, the San Francisco, Vallejo, and Napa Valley railroad company, Napa and St. Helena; The Petaluma and Santa Rosa railway company which connects Petaluma, Santa Rosa, Sebastopol and Forestville; The Northern Electric Railway company which connects Barber, Chico Marysville, Oroville and Sacramento,and which will extend to Gridley and Yuba City; The Presidio and Ferries Railway company which connects those points iting subscriptions to the "Proposed issue of Thirty-Year Unifying and Refunding Mortgage Gold Bonds by the California Gas and Electric Corporations," a constituent corporation of the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. In other words,the average constant generation of electric power by this company was,two years ago,equivalent to power generated by steam engines of 40,872 horsepower capacity working twenty-four hours every day. The value of this power is explained in the same prospectus.The gross income of the company,for 6 months ending June 30,1907,从 electric light and incidental power，was $2, 322,606;and from power for mining,electric railways and general manufacturing operation,$787,564.At that rate,the company's gross income from electric power for a whole year would be $6,220,940.Of this，76 per cent.,generated by water，would yield $4.727,914,a pretty tidy gross income for any business. Naturally,a business of such proportions requires a large investment of capital.The company is capitalized at $30,000,000 and is authorized to issue bonds to the sum of $10,500,000.It has outstanding $18,558,000 in bond of principal subsidiary companies. One company of these proportions did not spring,full grown into being overnight. It is the result of a process of consolidation absorption,and growth,culminating in the formation of the Pacific Gas and Electric company as a holding company for a number of large corporationswhich,int turn were each a consolidation of a number of smaller corporations. The Pacific Gas and Electric Company was organized in 1905 to hold the stock of the California Gas and Electric Corporation and the San Francisco Gas and Electric Company,besides such other public utility corporations as might be desirable.The other corporations now controlled by it are: California Central Gas and Electric company, Bay Counties Power company, Valley Counties Power company. Standard Electric company，of California, South Yuba Water company, Central California Electric company Oakland Gas,Light and Heat company, Berkeley Electric Lighting company Sacramento Electric,Gas and Railway company, Fresno Gas and Electric company, effecting in many ways on its own lines and ownership of further items. A statement in an earlier report is in connection: "A consolidation holds of the California Electric Corporation,and the Light and Power companies on the would practically obey possibilities and new California." Such a consolidation herently probable,i should be considered in relation to the policy or regulation. To quote again earlier's report: "Nearly all the pany are located passed out of Government.Under the state made for the right tric power from the state. In short,the Pacific company is more numerous than from the utilization state control without anything for the use. IMPROVE YOUR That is Substance from Mr. C.C. Chapman is considered one change growers of S has issued a note thern California or present situation in try.He says that to the interest of others if they would not improve the qut that is being shipped York market. "I believe a note be issued to the fore serious injury interest as the rest they have been m season,"says Mr. son has only been cause Southern Ca reducing the fines cause the grower poor grade of or York market whi cisco, Vallejo, and Napa Valley railroad company, Napa and St. Helena; The Petaluma and Santa Rosa railway company, which connects Petaluma, Santa Rosa, Sebastopol and Forestville; The Northern Electric Railway company, which connects Barber, Chico, Marysville, Oroville and Sacramento, and which will extend to Gridley and Yuba City; The Presidio and Ferries Railway company, which connects those points in San Francisco; The United Railroads of San Francisco. In short, if you live anywhere within a radius of 150 miles of San Francisco, or travel within that zone, you can scarcely avoid paying something to the Pacific Gas and Electric Company for the use of electric power, either in the way of bills for lighting or for carfare. Not counting the United Railroads of San Francisco, the Pacific Gas and Electric Company supplies electric power to run 473 passenger trolley cars over 550 miles of track, besides the power to run more than 100 freight cars. And 76 per cent of all this power, and of all the power sold for lighting purposes as described above, is generated by water-power in the Sierra Nevada mountains. The Pacific Gas and Electric Company alone can generate 137,928 electrical horsepower with hydraulic generators. Rivers Used by the Company Two of the power houses of the company are on Big Butte creek, northwest of Chico; two are fed from the main Yuba river; two are on the South Fork of the Yuba; three others, though the map does not indicate it, are fed with waters taken from the South Fork of the Yuba above the Deer creek power house and then led through conduits and canals to the power-houses; one is on the American company, Bay Counties Power company, Valley Counties Power company. Standard Electric company, of California, South Yuba Water company, Central California Electric company Oakland Gas, Light and Heat company, Berkeley Electric Lighting company Sacramento Electric, Gas and Railway company, Fresno Gas and Electric company, Vallejo Gas company, United Gas and Electric company, Stockton Water company, Butte County Electric Power company, Chico Gas and Electric company, Colusa Gas and Electric company, Napa Gas and Electric company, Nevada County Gas and Electric company, Marysville Gas and Electric company, Petaluma Gas and Electric company, Sierra Ditch and Water company. San Rafael Gas and Electric Light company, Santa Rosa Lighting company, Sausalito Electric Light company, Woodland Gas and Electric company, Alameda Gas company, Yuba Electric Power公司, San Mateo Power公司. One of these companies, the California Gas and Electric Corporation, was the pioneer in the long-distance transmission of electricity at high voltage. About twelve years ago it began trying out the idea, first at about forty miles distance; later running the lines up to over a hundred miles; and still later to much greater distances. These experiments were considered risky at the time, and much credit is due Mr. De Sabla, then president of the company, for having the nerve to back them finan- ANAHEIM GAZETTE cially. Their success has vastly increased the usefulness of hydro-electric enterprises the world over. From the list in the second paragraph preceding this, one may tell through what company he pays directly to the revenues of the Pacific Gas and Electric company. Three or four of these subsidiary companies supply gas only; most of them supply electricity. With this list in mind, and with a glance at the map, the significance and force of the following quotation from the same Prospectus quoted above may be gathered: "The business of the Company is so diversified and covers such a varied territory and the Company is so well equipped for economical production on a large scale and has such a strong grip on the situation through the ownership of distributing systems in the chief cities and towns that it would be difficult for any competitor to do it serious injury." This quotation is exactly true. The Pacific Gas and Electric Company now has a practical monopoly of the power market of Central California, maintained "through the ownership of distributing systems in the chief cities and towns"—to quote a part of the preceding paragraph. Though the quotation is two years old it is true today. The company is still doing everything in its power to retain its control of that market by extending its own lines and by acquiring the ownership of further distributing systems. A statement in a government engineer's report is interesting in this connection: "A consolidation of the present holdings of the California Gas and Electric Corporation, the Western Power company, and those of the Pacific Light and Power company and allied companies has entered upon the scene and many have neglected to obey the prizes of conservation on the ground of the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition, and in the region round about that favored spot. EUCALYPTUS TO ENRICH US Tree Destined to Play Great Part In Future Development of State That the eucalyptus is destined to play a far wider part in the development of the southwest than the majority of Southern California residents now believe possible, is the opinion of C. C. Cusack, who has studied the many varieties of the tree in its native wilds of Australia. Mr. Cusack's testimony along this line supplements that of R. S. Webb, another former Australian, who has given the public much information concerning the eucalyptus. Mr. Cusack says that different varieties of the tree have been planted in the south of Europe and in northern Africa, as well as in California, but there are other varieties in Australia, now unknown, which will give the tree a far greater range than at present in the northern hemisphere. "Their wonderfully rapid growth and the wide range of climatic conditions under which eucalyptus will grow are two of their remarkable characteristics," said Mr. Cusack. "In Australia they are found from the snow-clad mountains of Kiandra and Kosciusko to the torrid and arid plain of the Barcoo and Diamentina, where the temperature reaches 120 degrees in the shade; from Cairns in the north, with 150 inches of rainfall, to Coolgardie, 3000 miles distant, which has only seven inches of rainfall a year; and from sea level to mountain ranges 5000 feet high. They have been growing there for many centuries." control of that market by extending its own lines and by acquiring the ownership of further distributing systems. A statement in a government engineer's report is interesting in this connection: "A consolidation of the present holdings of the California Gas and Electric Corporation, the Western Power company, and those of the Pacific Light and Power company and allied companies on the San Joaquin river would practically control the power possibilities and market of Central California." Such a consolidation, though not inherently probable, is a possibility that should be considered in any discussion of the policy of state or national regulation. To quote again from this engineer's report: "Nearly all the plants of this company are located on land that has passed out of Government ownership." Under the state laws, no charge is made for the right to develop electric power from the streams of the state. In short, the Pacific Gas and Electric company is making a gross revenue of more than $4,500,000 a year from the utilization of streams under state control without paying the state anything for the use of those streams. IMPROVE YOUR ORANGES That is Substance of Good Advice from Mr. Chapman C. C. Chapman of Fullerton, who is considered one of the leading orange growers of Southern California, has issued a note of warning to Southern California orange-growers on the present situation in the orange industry. He says that it would be more to the interest of the orange growers if they would make greater effort to improve the quality of the fruit that is being shipped to the New York market. "I believe a note of warning should be issued to the orange growers before serious injury has been done the interest as the result of the mistake they have been making the present season," says Mr. Chapman. "The season has only been fair so far, not because Southern California is not producing the finest oranges, but because the growers are shipping a poor grade of oranges to the New York market which fixes the price practical men who understand the requirements of the West. Conservation is an old subject brought into prominence because of necessity. It originated in the Garden of Eden when God commanded our first parents to "Be fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it." Since that time man has held the stewardship of conservation. But the spirit of waste and extravagance has entered upon the scene and many have neglected to obey the primal command to "Replenish the earth." The result has been a call for a general Conservation Congress to organize the conservationists of the entire country, and effect general organization. Those engaged in every avenue of industry in the West should be particularly interested in the conservation movement. It means the preservation, protection, and perpetuation of all natural resources for the present and future generations. It means the calling of a halt to waste in every field and the right use of all that Nature has bestowed upon man, without endangering any of the existing industries, and the holding in reserve of the many forces to insure prosperity for coming generations. The lumber operator desires to continue his business, and hand it down to posterity. To do this necessitates the introduction of a system of reforestation and proper use of all the timber now standing. Similar arguments apply to all who till the soil and handle its numerous products. Conservation in the West should be encouraged and practiced while there are gifts of Nature to conserve. The mountains and valleys present scenic attractions, the benefits of which should never be lost. The soil has all the plant foods of ages stored within its surface strata which should be preserved through wise methods of cultivation that good crops may be preserved for the present and for future years. The reservoirs of water should not be disturbed in order that an abundance of water may be had for domestic and irrigation purposes now and in the time to come. The First National Conservation Congress of the United States will mark the beginning of a great campaign for upbuilding the West. It will be the opening of an educational movement having as an ultimate object the advancement of all that goes to make up a better and more prosperous civilization. This first meeting snow-clad mountains of Kiandra and Kosciusko to the torrid and arid plain of the Barcoo and Diamentina, where the temperature reaches 120 degrees in the shade; from Cairns in the north, with 150 inches of rainfall, to Coolgardie, 3000 miles distant, which has only seven inches of rainfall a year; and from sea level to mountain ranges 5000 feet high. They have been growing there for many centuries. "The varieties range from the giant Amygdalina, 500 feet high and rivaling California's sequola in height—though not so great in diameter to shrubs that will grow in a flower-pot. "The Australian Alps, which extend for 2000 miles from north to south parallel with the east coast, in places rising to over 5000 feet in elevation, are covered their entire length with an evergreen mantle of eucalyptus. "In some places, however, the early settlers of Australia pursued the same short-sighted policy as this country, and destroyed thousands of square miles of the trees. This large destruction caused springs to dry up by allowing the rainwater to run off, instead of holding it sufficiently long to penetrate the soil. "Some species have become almost extinct, among them the Eucalyptus Fletheri, which is the most heat-resisting and non-combustible of any known timber. The Australian government is now taking steps to conserve its forests, and it is planting 7,000,000 trees in one state alone. "To the Australian it serves every purpose for which timber can be used. Their houses, from foundation to shingles, are built of it. "Here in California, not only as a source of timber, but also in a scenic and climatic way, the eucalyptus is destined to play a part undreamed by the present generation. Many of our barren hills and treeless deserts will be covered with their evergreen shade, helping to conserve the moisture and ameliorate the climate." THE OIL INDUSTRY Eight California counties, so it will be shown by a statistical bulletin soon to be issued by State Mineralogist Aubury, produced 48,306,910 barrels of petroleum in the calendar-year of 1908, and the value of this vast amount of oil reached the handsome and imposing total of $26,566,-181. The eight counties making this York market. "I believe a note of warning should be issued to the orange growers before serious injury has been done the interest as the result of the mistake they have been making the present season," says Mr. Chapman. "The season has only been fair so far, not because Southern California is not producing the finest oranges, but because the growers are shipping a poor grade of oranges to the New York market, which fixes the price for the country. The orange growers are not satisfied to accept the prices offered them f.o.b. in this state and are taking the chance of getting better returns by shipping the fruit to the New York auction market. As the grade of the shipments has not been up to the standard, although the crop has been unusually large, prices have suffered as a result." Mr. Chapman declares his belief in the great future of San Pedro harbor as a shipping point for oranges to England and the continent. After looking the harbor over, Mr. Chapman said: "As soon as the Panama canal is open we will be able to ship oranges from San Pedro to England cheaper than we can send them across the country by rail, and an enormous field will be open to growers of the Pacific coast. The Southern California valencias, with a season extending from May to November, a period when there are no European oranges to speak of, offers a great field of industry to the orange growers of California." To the man who wants a four cylinder, high grade and powerful auto wherein the Durocar stands alone mobile we say investigate the Studebaker E-M-F. Wm. F. Lutz Co., Santa Ana. Fire extinguishers and fire proof safes. Wm. F. Lutz Co., Santa Ana. The First National Conservation Congress of the United States will mark the beginning of a great campaign for upbuilding the West. It will be the opening of an educational movement having as an ultimate object the advancement of all that goes to make up a better and more prosperous civilization. This first congress promises to be a remarkable one because of the number of eminent men who will congregate to discuss fundamental principles of conservation. Preparations for the congress are being made in every state in the union, and as far away as Hawaii, from which Prof. Ralph S. Hosmer, of the Hawaiian Conservation Commission, and Governor W. T. Freer are expected to journey as delegates to the Congress. Many representative men of state and nation are promised either as delegates or speakers at the Conservation Congress. Among those who are expected to address the Congress are: Gifford Pinchot, Chairman of the Joint Committee on Conservation between States and Nation; James A. Emery, of the National Manufacturers Association; Governor M. B. Hay, of the State of Washington; Senator Reed Smoot, of Utah; William L.Finley, of the National Audubon Societies; Prof. A.C.Shaw, of the Forestry Service, and many other prominent men connected with the affairs of the National Government; and with civic and commercial organizations of prominence throughout the United States. The people of the State of Washington will act as hosts for the Congress, and entertain the distinguished guests in a royal manner. The visitors will be shown the many object ture and ameliorate the climate." THE OIL INDUSTRY Eight California counties, so it will be shown by a statistical bulletin soon to be issued by State Mineralogist Aubury, produced 48,306,910 barrels of petroleum in the calendar year of 1908, and the value of this vast amount of oil reached the handsome and imposing total of $26,566,-181. The eight counties making this glittering record of the production of one substance are, in order of output, as follows: Kern, 18,777,871 barrels; value $9,-388,935; Fresno, 10,725,389 barrels; $5,898,964; Santa Barbara, 8,847,589; $4,-423,794; Los Angeles, 6,244,347; $4,-082,052; Orange, 3,376,689; value $2,-532,517; Ventura, 289,625; $217,219; Santa Clara, 35,400; $17,700; San Luis Obispo 10,000; $5000. The striking feature of this is that the petroleum output is not only great in itself, but it actually outstrips the production of gold $6,000,-000 according to present estimates. There was a large demand for California petroleum in 1908, and this led to the increase in price per barrel. The price, on the average, greatly varied in different parts of the State. In ten years the annual output of California petroleum has increased practically twenty-fold. Probably due to the increase in petroleum and other substances in the year 1908, a gain in grand total for all substances of a mineral nature as compared with 1907, will be shown that approximates $10,000,000 in large figures. Are you using one of our genuine Moon Bros. vehicles? If not, you do not know what comfort and pleasure you are missing. Wm. F. Lutz Co., Santa Ana. TEACH THE YOUNG If a young man should buy some goods of you and pay you cash he would probably not attract your particular attention. If that same young man should draw a check book from his pocket and write you a check in payment for his purchase you would think, "Here is a thrifty young man." You would never forget him and he would carry a certain amount of your respect, which would help him in a business way. That is the effect that a bank connection has on everybody. See that your boy has a bank account, and teach him to deposit his money in this bank and pay his bills by check. He will quickly learn good business habits and the bank influence will help him in his dealings with other men. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK ANAHEIM, CALIF. This is the season for the Children's Photos Hickox Studio OUR SPECIALTY Santa Ana Union Brewing Co. Union Brewing Co. OF ANAHEIM Brewers and Bottlers of the CELEBRATED Anaheim Lager IN BOTTLES One Doz. (large) $1.50 One Doz. (small) $1.00 Bottles returned, doz. (large) .40c Bottles returned, doz. (small) 30c Prompt delivery to all parts of the city. Family trade Solicited Phone Sunset 301 Phone Home 1264 Talking about ICE you ought to know that we supply it in any quantity. We furnish small pieces for families, or large quantities for restaurants, butchers saloons, etc. Our prices are right, our delivery is prompt. Phones—Home 1542, Sunset 91 Get our prices on Hay, Grain, Seeds and Poultry about ICE you ought to know that we supply it in any quantity. We furnish small pieces for families, or large quantities for restaurants, butchers saloons, etc. Our prices are right, our delivery is prompt. Phones—Home 1542, Sunset 91 Get our prices on Hay, Grain, Seeds and Poultry Supplies before buying. It will pay you. H. H. Gardner Co. C. B. HOLLEY, Manager PACIFIC VEGETABLE COMPANY (CALIFORNIA) CARLOAD SHIPPERS AND BUYERS OF Celery, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Tomatoes, Potatoes, Onions, Etc. Main Offices—625 Central Bldg. Los Angeles Gen'l Eastern Office—34 Clark st., Chicago Direct Representatives in All Principal Markets Local Representative, A. W. PHELPS. H. HOLLAND TINNING, PLUMBING AND GAS FITTING Estimates Furnished : Satisfaction Guaranteed 208 N. Los Angeles St. Phone—Sunset 716 Anaheim, Cal.