anaheim-gazette 1907-07-04

COUNTRY'S FOREST SERVICE What It Is, and How It Deals with Forest Problems-Large Undertaking. "Forest Service" has been the name since July 1, 1905, of that branch of the department of agriculture which was previously known as the "Bureau of Forestry," and, earlier still, the "Division of Forestry." Since February 1, 1905, the Forest service has been charged, under the direction of the secretary of agriculture, with the administration of the national forests. About the management of the national forests, therefore, the work of the service now centers. The forests, whose area on April 1, 1907, was 147,948,685 acres, are of vital importance for their timber and grass and for the conservation of stream flow. They are so managed as to develop their permanent value as a resource by use. Earlier opposition toward them based on the belief that preservation would prevent use, has changed with the understanding of their real object to approval and support. The last valid objections to their establishment and maintenance have been removed by the agricultural settlement law of June 11, 1906, and by a clause in the agricultural appropriation act for the year 1906 07. Byests upon a sound technique as sound business basis. Provement in the standard technical management can steady and constant increases without depleting the To this end careful investment essential. This includes study of the habits and requirements of trees as a basis for the need of cutting of every kind. Tention is given to finding for species at present valuable used, as well as killed by fire or insect. Studies are made of damage and the best means of prevention, in co-operation with the entomology, of the plant and control of insect ravages these and in many other ways basis of knowledge necessary best forest work is being laid. Aside from the care andtration of the national forest service has to do practical uses of forests and trees in the United States usually with the commercialment of forest tracts, woodforest plantations. It unsuch forest studies as lie be power or the means of in to carry on unaided. It starts to co-operate, to the limit of sources, with all who seek a in the solution of practical problems, particularly when co-operation will result in seo object lessons to serve as en ing examples for the general Co-operative state studies ried on with states which re based on the belief that preservation would prevent use, has changed with the understanding of their real object to approval and support. The last valid objections to their establishment and maintenance have been removed by the agricultural settlement law of June 11, 1906, and by a clause in the agricultural appropriation act for the year 1906 07. By the first, agricultural land in national forests, if classified as chiefly valuable for agriculture, listed in the local land office, and opened by the secretary of the interior, may be taken up by home builders. Many small tracts of agricultural lands, scattered here and there along creeks and valleys, have unavoidably been included with forest boundaries, though the utmost care secured the elimination of all large bodies of such land when the boundaries were drawn. The need of such a law as that of June 11 was clearly seen and its passage was secured. The so-called "10 per cent clause" of the agricultural appropriation bill provides that states having forests are to receive 10 per cent of the gross receipts from the forests within their boundaries, to be distributed only among the counties in which the forests lie and devoted to public schools and roads. Many counties have much of their area, in some cases more than half, in national forests, and this land is withdrawn from the possibility of private ownership and taxation. By the new law the loss to the counties from the withdrawal of taxable land is offset. The business management of the national forests is in itself a large undertaking. The business on the national forests is destined to grow rapidly and to assume far-reaching economic importance. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1907, approximately $1,500,000 was received, chiefly from grazing and timber sales. The returns from timber sales alone, over $500,000, more than doubled. power or the means of income to carry on unaided. It starts to co-operate, to the limit of sources, with all who seek aid in the solution of practical problems, particularly when co-operation will result in serious examples for the general. Co-operative state studies tried on with states which receive advice of the service. Exactly this work are the studies of conditions in New Hampshire appropriated $7000 toward cost, and California, which priated $25,000. Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, Rhode Island ware, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and Michigan have also called upon the seer expert assistance. The fruits of its more intensive studies are published and disband without charge upon request at a low price by the superior of documents. ORGANIZATION. The work of the forest service organized under four branch fourteen offices. The officer forester stands at the head, branches, which are grazing tion, silviculture and production to the forester. OFFICE OF THE FORESTER The forester is the administrative head of the service, to whom offices are responsible. The forester is his chief assistant administrative head of the service the absence of the forester. The law officer advises them in legal matters, assists in final prosecution of offenders; the laws and regulations which protect the national forests and suits to recover damages suffered by the United States from committed upon the forests piles forest laws, aids applicable drafting forest legislation, and national forests is in itself a large undertaking. The business on the national forests is destined to grow rapidly and to assume far-reaching economic importance. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1907, approximately $1,500,000 was received, chiefly from grazing and timber sales. The returns from timber sales alone, over $500,000, more than doubled returns of the previous year. Grazing, which formerly had been free, has brought in nearly $1,000,000 under the permit system inaugurated in January, 1906. The free use of timber and stone, which at the discretion of the secretary of agriculture, is granted to settlers and others who may not reasonable be required to purchase, as well as to school and road districts, churches, or co-operative organizations of settlers, very greatly aids the development of the regions in and near the forests. It is the active policy of the forest service to manage the national for- Scott's Emulsion strengthens enfeebled nursing mothers by increasing their flesh and nerve force. It provides baby with the necessary fat and mineral food for healthy growth. ALL DRUGGISTS: 50c. AND $1.00. In a sound technical as well as business basis. Only important in the standard of the management can secure and constant increase in re-butt depleting the forest. And careful investigation is this includes special habits and requirements as a basis for the regulation of every kind. Special attention given to finding new uses at present valueless or good, as well as for timber fire or insect attacks. Are made of damage by fire best means of preventing it, co-operation with the bureau of biology, of the prevention control of insect ravages. In many other ways the knowledge necessary for the work is being laid from the care and perseverance of the national forests, the service has to do with the uses of forests and forest in the United States, especially the commercial manage-forest tracts, woodlots, and plantations. It undertakes best studies as lie beyond the means of individuals on unaided. It stands ready rate, to the limit of its reach with all who seek assistance solution of practical forest particularly where such will result in setting up reasons to serve as encouragements for the general benefit.rative state studies are carried out which request the forest exhibits prepared by the service. A leading branch of the dendro-logical studies is the making of an accurate forest map of the distribution of tree species in the United States, to show the extent, composition, and economic possibilities of our forest resources. Others of these studies concern the cedar forests of Texas, and important but little known trees indigenous to the United States, the growth of which may be profitably extended to new localities for economic purposes. Prominent among the latter are the desert pines of California. An investigation is being made of the present and probable future supply of western tan bark oak, as well as of other trees the barks of which are to adulterate tanbark, and the tannin contents of the barks are being determined by the bureau of chemistry. Included is also a study of basket willows. Experimental holts are established on the Arlington experimental farm, Washington, D.C. Attention is given especially to the conditions under which high-grade basket rods may be produced. Approved basket willow cuttings are distributed free each spring to applicants interested in willow culture. An improved system of turpentine, introduced by the service among turpentine operators, is described in Bulletin 40, and Circular 34 of the Forest service. The system not only conserves the life of the trees much more than any previous method, but also gives a larger and better the means of individuals can unaided. It stands ready rate, to the limit of its rewith all who seek assistance of practical forest particularly where such will result in setting up sons to serve as encouragables for the general benefit. rative state studies are carth states which request the the service. Examples of share the studies of forest in New Hampshire,which tated $7000 toward the total California, which appro5,000. Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Delanorth Carolina, Kentucky, Missouri, and Mississippi called upon the service for istance. bits of its more important published and distributed large upon request, or sold service by the superintendent ants. ORGANIZATION. k of the forest service is under four branches and offices. The office of the lands at the head,and the which are grazing, operaculture and products, reforester. ACE OF THE FORESTER. Master is the administrative service,to whom all the responsible. The associate this chief assistant and the active head of the service in of the forester. Officer advises the service atters, assists in the crimution of offenders against and regulations which protional forests and in civil over damages suffered by States from trespass upon the forests, comlaws,aids applicants in rest legislation,and deals distributed free each spring to applicants interested in willow cultuture. An improved system of turpentine, introduced by the service among turpentine operators,is described in Bulletin 40,and Circular 34 of the Forest service. The system not only conserves the life of the trees much more than any previous method,but also gives a larger and better yield. Experiments now in progress seek still further saving of the trees by reducing the extent and depth of the wound in chipping. In connection with this investigation a study is being made,in co-operation with the chemical department of the University of North Carolina,of the characteristics of turpentine yielded by native timber pines. A series of important publications in course of preparation will describe and illustrate the tree species of the different regions of the United States. The first of these bulletins to be ready will embrace the trees of the Pacific coast,and the second those of the Rocky Mountain states. One special use of these tree books will be the aid which they will give forest officers on national forests in identifying species and in acquainting themselves with their habits,growth,distribution,and other important facts. The dendrologist also gives technical information about trees,in response to inquiries,including the identification of the wood,seeds,foliage,etc.,of native and exotic trees. A large and growing correspondence evidences the public demand for such information. The government forest exhibits prepared for state,national,and international expositions explain what forestry is and show its application to the problems with which the ser vice is dealing. Through these displays much public interest is aroused and information given concerning our forests,the economic importance,and right and wrong methods The government forest exhibits prepared for state, national, and international expositions explain what forestry is and show its application to the problems with which the service is dealing. Through these displays much public interest is aroused and information given concerning our forests, the economic importance, and right and wrong methods of using them. INSPECTION. It is the policy of the forest service to maintain a thorough system of inspection of its own work. There are about twenty-five inspectors, charged with oversight of all the activities of the service, both on the National forests and elsewhere. It is the duty of the inspectors to see exactly what work is being done. These districts are: District 1—Montana, Northern Wyoming, Northern Utah. District 2—Colorado, Southeastern Utah, Nebraska, South Dakota, Kansas, Wyoming and Montana. District 3—Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma. District 4—Utah, Idaho, Nevada, Wyoming and Arizona. District 5—California and western Nevada. District 6—Washington, Oregon and Alaska. [Continuation of this subject will appear in our next issue.] Mr. Hearst is in renewed danger of securing a fresh count in the New York mayoralty election. Will Buy Your Ranch In Anaheim, Fullerton or Placentia district, but it JUST BE A BARGAIN supply hundreds of real estate dealers and homeseekers with lands and ranches. Send full particulars describing your Ranch price and terms to Edward Scherman Citizen's National Bank Bldg. Cor. 3rd and Main, Los Angeles, Cal. Potatoes——Wanted WRITE CHAS. . TRIOLO CASH BROKER Oms 208-209-210 5 Central Ave., Los Angeles HOPPING IN LOS ANGELES? Take Luncheon at Coulter’s Cafe. 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