anaheim-gazette 1930-06-12

HISTORY OF OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS Development and Growth of Educational System During 69 Years, from 1859 to 1928 By ELENORA ALICE PARKER Twelfth Instalment, Continued from Our Last Week's Issue. These hardships were supplemented by the unbearable conditions existing in the entire system, causing the teaching ability of the force in this building to be greatly hampered and reduced—which naturally was a detriment to innocent childhood. On January 15, 1920 the Board ordered the old Central building sold to the highest bidder and the next year we hear is that A. L. Gribbling is the new owner, having allowed $450.00 for it. Upon the close of school the "ax and pry" of the wreckers could be heard for many blocks and soon the dear bid building, that had reared its tower aloft with so much pomp, and had housed multitudes of worthy citizens, was a pile of refuse—cast into the discard to be obliterated and forgotten by the community which it had served so faithfully and well. On January 20, 1920 the Board relieved the crowded condition at Central some by renting the Lutheran Parochial School building across the street, for $30.00 per month, and transferring some of the overflow to it. In spite of the inferior service rendered the District, we see in the minutes of April 15, 1920, that the Board raised the salary of the District Superintendent from $2,000 to $2,500. Conditions in the system had become appalling and continued to grow worse until they could be borne no longer, so we find that on May 21, 1920, the teachers presented a resolution to the Board requesting the removal of the District Superintendent, J. R. Abernathy. The only fruit this bore was more insults and hardships. The patrons of the school became highly incensed because of various things that occurred. Mr. J. H. Enear's term began not work to their best advantage. Consequently Mr. C. C. Smith and the Board endeavored to find a solution of the problem that would be more satisfactory to every one. After considerable deliberation and investigation it was decided to lease lots on North Palm Street and erect a separate building for them. This location was chosen because a Mexican settlement had sprung up around the then active Sugar Factory, Mr. Smith was instructed to proceed with the project and have the work done by day labor. This he did. Whenever possible he also pressed persons already employed in the system. Into service, since there was considerable work that could be done by them during "vacant hours." The result was a great saving to the district. In the minutes of the Board meeting, dated November 1, 1921 we read, "A final statement of the cost of the North Palm street buildings was submitted, showing a total cost exclusive of janitors labor, of $6,426.96." During this time it was discovered that the title of the lot purchased from Mrs. J. H. Enear by the former Board "had not been recorded at the time of purchase" so in the minutes of December 6, 1921, we see that Trustee Metcalf had finally succeeded in "straightening out" that tangle. Now we find the age old problem of providing more grounds and school room for the ever increasing attendance again bobbing up. This claimed the attention of the Board for many months. The first district meeting called by the Board was on March 7, 1922 at 7:30 P.M. at Fremont School Building. We will see the final results of this meeting in succeeding developments. At this time the appointtif Elizabeth Renshaw as deanance officer for Anaheim; her salary increased $100 for the additional service. Superintendent C. C. S reported favorably upon building program, the Bojuary 2, 1923, adopted the suggested by Mr. Durfee a plan of the new Tustin was selected as a model. Smith was instructed with such measures as we to get the building program as soon as possible. On March 27, 1923, we Walter Hansen was emplyment of Construction of $12.00 per day. In the minutes of May 1, once more a trace of the pioneers. With the purchase for Central School Kuchel, the trustees also aeral shares of Anaheim pany stock. For some years not used by the schools, so date, were ordered sold at which swelled the finance tem materially. In 1921 there was organ City, a Community Nurse Mrs. Balch appeared before May 3, 1921, as a representative committee and suggested tity of having medical inspectors schools. This matter was a later meeting of the Action taken. Finally it were made with the Commu to devote parts of certain specs such as the test request. On August 8, 1922, thaof a school nurse was deferred to a later date. N 3, 1923 did the Anaheim S into possession of their nurse in the person of Miss Work upon the new addition mont School progressed very satisfactorily. In The July 18, 1923, we read tha decided to have a corner conditions in the system had become appalling and continued to grow worse until they could be borne no longer, so we find that on May 21, 1920, the teachers presented a resolution to the Board requesting the removal of the District Superintendent, J. R. Abernathy. The only fruit this bore was more insults and hardships. The patrons of the school became highly incensed because of various things that occurred. Mr. J. H. Enearl's term being at a close, the patrons prevailed upon Mr. George W. Sloop to become a candidate and he was elected to the office. In the minutes of May 1, 1921 we see that in the organization of the new Board Wm. Chambers was made President and G. W. Sloop, Secretary. The new clerk soon found that he had landed in a veritable "hornet's nest," but as time passed proved himself equal to the difficult and unpleasant task to which he had been called. The change in the board renewed the hopes and courage of the greatly harassed faculty. The Board desiring to restore the schools to at least a semblance of their former efficiency, investigated the complaint of the teachers and found "the half had been told." Consequently we see in the minutes of May 26, 1920, that J. R. Abernathy was released by the Board. Just what occurred between the dates May 26 and June 1, 1920 is hidden from the eyes of the public, since the pages number 94-99 of the Secretary book mysteriously disappeared from the record book, (which was kept in the desk in the office at Fremont School), as was discovered by the Board during the Court case when J. R. Abernathy sought to force himself upon the Anaheim schools. Suffice it to say that the teachers supported the Board-in every way and the school term was closed as satisfactorily as possible under existing conditions. Tribute must be paid to Mrs. Clara E. Haylett and Mrs. Ella Page Stewart for their valiant efforts and efficient work at Fremont School, where conditions were particularly bad. The Board asked Mrs. Haylett to serve in the capacity of Principal of that building and under her careful direction and untiring efforts all work and reports were brought to a satisfactory close. However this did not spell PEACE for either board or teachers. C. C. Smith having been employed as District Superintendent for the following year, found himself continually facing difficulties created by the former incumbent. Court proceedings were instituted against the Board and teachers annoyed by the same party. Truly those were tempestuous days for all concerned. The minutes of March 28, 1921 show that E. H. Metcalf was elected to succeed L. F. Pomeroy upon the Board. Mr. Smith and the new board worked faithfully, endeavoring to re-adjust Now we find the age old problem of providing more grounds and room for the ever increasing attendance again bobbing up. This claimed attention of the Board for many months. The first district meeting called by the Board was on March 7, 1922 at 7:30 P.M. at Fremont School Building. We will see the final results of this meeting in succeeding developments. On April 5, 1922 W. J. Elliott was elected to succeed W. H. Chambers on the school board—he receiving 322 votes, the incumbent receiving 151. On April 7, 1922 it was decided to purchase for the school district, the north end of the Frank Baum property." This extended the playground at Fremont School to the alley. The following is taken from the records of Orange County—"Deed from Frank Baum and Josephine Baum to Anaheim Grammar School District, dated March 27, 1922, covering the following property: That portion of Vineyard Lot E-6 as per map thereof recorded in Book 4, pages 629 and 630 of Deeds, records of Los Angeles County, California, described as follows: Beg at a point on the Southern line of said lot distance 200 feet catery from the southwest corner of said lot and thence northerly and parallel with the westerly line of said lot 204.25 feet; thence easterly and parallel with the southerly line of said lot 111 feet; thence southerly and parallel with the westerly line of said lot 181.81 feet (said last point intended to be where the last line meets the northerly line of the alley as now located or as extended from "Enterprise Tract") thence from said last mentioned point in a direct line to the place of beginning." This deed was recorded April 10, 1922. The exact price of this parcel of land is not known since there is no record of it either in the school records or County records, but former owner estimates it as "approximately $200.00." Apparently the purchase of the Silbernagel strip met with some difficulties for on June 6, 1922 Trustee Metcalf was instructed to offer Mr. Silbernagel $1,300.00 for the property considered on April 17, but we do not read anything more about it until October 2, 1923 when a motion was made to purchase the strip. On February 26, 1924 we read that the Silbernagel deed was accepted. The following was taken from the records of Orange County—"Deed from the Estate of Cornellus Silbernagel by Anna Silbernagel, Executrix to Anaheim School District of Orange County, dated December 8, 1923 and recorded March 7, 1924, covering the following property: Beginning at a point 523.75 feet had not been recorded at the time of purchase" so in the minutes of December 6, 1921, we see that Trustee Metcalf had finally succeeded in "straightening out" that tangle. Now we find the age old problem of providing more grounds and room for the ever increasing attendance again bobbing up. This claimed attention of the Board for many months. The first district meeting called by the Board was on March 7, 1922 at 7:30 P.M. at Fremont School Building. We will see the final results of this meeting in succeeding developments. On April 5, 1922 W. J. Elliott was elected to succeed W. H. Chambers on the school board—he receiving 322 votes, the incumbent receiving 151. On April 7, 1922 it was decided to purchase for the school district, the north end of the Frank Baum property." This extended the playground at Fremont School to the alley. The following is taken from the records of Orange County—"Deed from Frank Baum and Josephine Baum to Anaheim Grammar School District, dated March 27, 1922, covering the following property: That portion of Vineyard Lot E-6 as per map thereof recorded in Book 4, pages 629 and 630 of Deeds, records of Los Angeles County, California, described as follows: Beg at a point on the Southern line of said lot distance 200 feet catery from the southwest corner of said lot and thence northerly and parallel with the westerly line of said lot 204.25 feet; thence easterly and parallel with the southerly line of said lot 111 feet; thence southerly and parallel with the westerly line of said lot 181.81 feet (said last point intended to be where the last line meets the northerly line of the alley as now located or as extended from "Enterprise Tract") thence from said last mentioned point in a direct line to the place of beginning." This deed was recorded April 10, 1922. The exact price of this parcel of land is not known since there is no record of it either in the school records or County records, but former owner estimates it as "approximately $200.00." Apparently the purchase of the Silbernagel strip met with some difficulties for on June 6, 1922 Trustee Metcalf was instructed to offer Mr. Silbernagel $1,300.00 for the property considered on April 17, but we do not read anything more about it until October 2, 1923 when a motion was made to purchase the strip. On February 26, 1924 we read that the Silbernagel deed was accepted. The following was taken from the records of Orange County—"Deed from the Estate of Cornellus Silbernagel by Anna Silbernagel, Executrix to Anaheim School District of Orange County, dated December 8, 1923 and recorded March 7, 1924, covering the following property: Now we find the age old problem of providing more grounds and room for the ever increasing attendance again bobbing up. This claimed attention of the Board for many months. The first district meeting called by the Board was on March 7, 1922 at 7:30 P.M. at Fremont School Building. We will see the final results of this meeting in succeeding developments. On April 5, 1922 W. J. Elliott was elected to succeed W. H. Chambers on the school board—he receiving 322 votes, the incumbent receiving 151. On April 7, 1922 it was decided to purchase for the school district, the north end of the Frank Baum property." This extended the playground at Fremont School to the alley. The following is taken from the records of Orange County—"Deed from Frank Baum and Josephine Baum to Anaheim Grammar School District, dated March 27, 1922, covering the following property: That portion of Vineyard Lot E-6 as per map thereof recorded in Book 4, pages 629 and 630 of Deeds, records of Los Angeles County, California, described as follows: Beg at a point on the Southern line of said lot distance 200 feet catery from the southwest corner of said lot and thence northerly and parallel with the westerly line of said lot 204.25 feet; thence easterly and parallel with the southerly line of said lot 111 feet; thence southerly and parallel with the westerly line of said lot 181.81 feet (said last point intended to be where the last line meets the northerly line of the alley as now located or as extended from "Enterprise Tract") thence from said last mentioned point in a direct line to the place of beginning." This deed was recorded April 10, 1922. The exact price of this parcel of land is not known since there is no record of it either in the school records or County records, but former owner estimates it as "approximately $200.00." Apparently the purchase of the Silbernagel strip met with some difficulties for on June 6, 1922 Trustee Metcalf was instructed to offer Mr. Silbernagel $1,300.00 for the property considered on April 17, but we do not read anything more about it until October 2, 1923 when a motion was made to purchase the strip. On February 26, 1924 we read that the Silbernagel deed was accepted. The following was taken from the records of Orange County—"Deed from Frank Baum and Josephine Baum to Anaheim Grammar School District, dated December 8, 1923 and recorded March 7, 1924, covering the following property: Now we find the age old problem of providing more grounds and room for the ever increasing attendance again bobbing up. This claimed attention of the Board for many months. The first district meeting called by the Board was on March 7, 1922 at 7:30 P.M. at Fremont School Building. We will see the final results of this meeting in succeeding developments. On April 5, 1922 W. J. Elliott was elected to succeed W. H. Chambers onthe school board—he receiving322 votes,the incumbent receiving351. On April7，1922 it was decided to purchase fortheschool district,the north endoftheFrankBaumschoolproperty." This extendedtheplaygroundatFremontSchooltothealley. The following is takenfromtherecordsofOrangeCounty—"DeedfromFrankBaumandJosephineBaumtoAnaheimGrammarSchoolDistrict,datedDecember8，1923andrecordedMarch7，1924coveringthefollowingproperty:" Nowwefindtheageoldproblemofprovidingmoregroundsandsroomfortheeverincreasingattendanceagainbobbingup.thistermeaditionpresentedinthenewcasketdinedbythenewcorrespondentsandwerebothsurprisedandsuchextensiveimprovementmadewithouta bondissue. Theenrollmentwasso长期openingoftheschoolintendedandboardwereognize"thehandwritingupandwefindintheminutejournalbothteacherweregreatlynewaccommodationsandwerebothsurprisedandsuchextensiveimprovementmadewithouta bondissue. Theenrollmentwasso长期openingoftheschoolintendedandboardwereognize"thehandwritingupandwefindintheminutejournalbothteacherweregreatlynewaccommodationsandwerebothsurprisedandsuchextensiveimprovementmadewithouta bondissue. Therewereliteratevotesclected—l57forand50bonds. Asisusualconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessaryconsumedbythenecessexpiredtoasatisfactoryclose." The minutes of March 28，1921 show that E.H.Metcalf was elected to succeed L.F.Pomeroy upon.theBoard.Mr.Smith and.thenewboardworkfaithfully,andendeavoringtoreadjust However this did not spell PEACE for either board or teachers. C. C. Smith having been employed as District Superintendent for the following year, found himself continually facing difficulties created by the former incumbent. Court proceedings were instituted against the Board and teachers annoyed by the same party. Truly those were tempestuous days for all concerned. The minutes of March 28, 1921 show that E. H. Metcalf was elected to succeed L. F. Pomeroy upon the Board. Mr. Smith and the new board worked faithfully, endeavoring to re-adjust matters and seemed to be making fair progress when suddenly another problem presented itself. Under date of June 23, 1921, the minutes show a special meeting held by the board. The cause for this was that A. L. Gribbling of Los Angeles, the contractor employed by the former board, claimed he had completed the Central and Citron Buildings according to plans, specifications also direction and supervision of Messrs. Jeffery and Schaefer, and asked that the buildings be accepted by the board. Since there was some question concerning the matter, the board appointed "Messrs. Brisco and Pitts to report their findings relative to the fulfillment of specifications by A. L. Gribbling. Mr. Jeffery was present and assisted in the formulation of demands to be made of the contractor, A. L. Gribbling, before said buildings would be accepted by the Board." Mr. Gribbling was dissatisfied with the action of the Board and asked that the matter be adjusted through an arbitration broad. This was granted. Mr. Gribbling chose William Kerr of Los Angeles as his representative; the Board chose H. Brisco of Anaheim, and those two chose S. C. Hartranft of Fullerton. This Board of three carefully examined the buildings and awarded a substantial deduction of the District. The report of the arbitrators was accepted by the school board and a warrant for the balance due Mr. Gribbling was drawn. Thus ended a very disagreeable controversy and Mr. Gribbling departed for home a wiser man. During the years that intervened since the first attempt at segregation of the Mexicans, their number steadily increased during the winter months. More special grades had been formed for them, yet existing conditions did $1,300.00 for the property considered on April 17, but we do not read anything more about it until October 2, 1923 when a motion was made to purchase the strip. On February 26, 1924 we read that the Silbernagel deed was accepted. The following was taken from the records of Orange County— "Deed from the Estate of Cornellus Silbernagel by Anna Silbernagel, Executrix to Annaheim School District of Orange County, dated December 8, 1923 and recorded March 7, 1924, covering the following property: Beginning at a point 523.75 feet South $15\frac{1}{2}^\circ$ East of a point on the South line of Center Street which is 603 feet South $74\frac{1}{2}^\circ$ West from the Northeast corner of Vineyard Lot "E-6," as shown on a Map of Anaheim recorded in Book 4, pages 629 and 630 Deeds, Records of Los Angeles County, California and running thence South $15\frac{1}{2}^\circ$ East 57.50 feet, more or less to a point in the Northwesterly line of that certain strip of land conveyed to the City of Anaheim, for alley purposes by deed recorded in book 363, page 52 of Deeds, Records of Orange County, California thence South $74\frac{1}{2}^\circ$ West along the Northerly line of said strip of land so conveyed to the City of Anaheim, 208 feet to a point in the Westerly line of the land conveyed to C. Silbernagel by deed recorded in Book 124, page 109 of Deeds, Records of Orange County, California thence North $15\frac{1}{2}^\circ$ West 57.50 feet and thence North $74\frac{1}{2}^\circ$ East 208 feet to the place of beginning. This piece of land was bought for $1,300.00 as shown by Order confirming Sale, recorded in Book 503, page 41, Records of Orange County." The immediate need of more school room was very urgent so, on June 6, 1922, a motion was made and carried to construct two temporary school buildings on the Citron Street grounds. These are still in use. Two months later, August 8, 1922, the matter of providing additional school room again came up at the Board meeting. After some discussion it was decided to add eight or nine rooms to the front of the Fremont building. Superintendent Smith was of the opinion that this could be financed without a bond issue, as were the two temporary buildings at Citron Street. He was instructed to investigate and make further report." The minutes of November 2, 1922 record the purchase of three additional $110,000.00 was called to October 29, 1923, at the Public School Building, for pose of raising money for chasing of school lots, for or purchasing one or two buildings, for insuring schools for supplying school bus furniture or necessary equipment for improving school group. There were 177 votes cast for election—157 for and 20 bonds. As is usual, considerable consumption by the necessaries so we hear nothing about the new building months, but several others tread come to our notice. We learn from the minutes 6, 1923, that the District intended was authorized the old Hausch and Land Picture Machine for one voltage. The same minute close the fact that the Buy to buy a Ford for the use and attendance officer." Two interesting facts are the minutes of December 2—after considerable disruption Board decided to dispense services of an architect with the new building. Second: The Board acceded to H. G. Buck, of a site school. The site is five acres south side of East Central feet cast of the City limit price being $22,000.00 crop now on the trees to place. Homes reserved by garage and chicken coop place." The following minutes bids of all kinds and materials as well as labor with pleasure that the New School was completed in fall term. In the minutes of June see the extent to which grew during the last few were six buildings in use allowing numbers constituting Intermediate Central Citron Lincoln Broadway Palm Making a total of 62 te ANAHEIM GAZETTE District Superintendent. Another interesting item was that the system now boasted of four Kindergartens. Undoubtedly the most interesting matter found in the minutes of the Board meetings for the year 1924, is found under the date of October 7. It is the final report, or summary of the building of Lincoln School, together with a comparison of the cost of this building and Central and Citron Schools. It follows— "The Lincoln School has been completed at a cost of $53,000. The building contains 12 class rooms, 2 basements, besides the usual offices, corridors, stock rooms and toilet rooms. The outside walls are solid brick, 12 to 20 inches in thickness with 2 cross walls 12 inches thick. The brick used for the inside of walls are the Anaheim sand lime brick, the face brick being the tan tapestry or ruled brick. The building has the roof and maple floors, and workmanship and material throughout the building are the best." Continued Next Week VIGOROUS FIGHT ON PEAR BLIGHT Farmers of State Determined to Eradicate the Troublesome Pest The farmer of California once again has his back to the wall, battling a pest which has invaded orchards of the state. This time it is pear blight infection which has suddenly appeared to threaten profits of growers of this fruit and offer a menace to other crops should it spread. Orange county's horticultural commissioner has been asked to immediately cooperate with the state department of agriculture in disposing of the pest before it gains a foothold. Warning that pear blight was manifesting itself was sounded by the state department some months ago. Within the past two weeks severity of its menace was recognized and a vigorous campaign of eradication begun. Finally arrangements were made with the Community Nurse to devote parts of certain days to inspect such cases as the teachers might request. On August 8, 1922, the employment of a school nurse was discussed and referred to a later date. Not until July 18, 1923 did the Anaheim Schools come into possession of their own school nurse in the person of Miss Hazel Dry. Work upon the new addition at Fremont School progressed rapidly and every satisfactorily. In the minutes of July 18, 1923, we read that the Board decided to have a corner stone made by C. A. Criss and that there would be no public ceremony in connection with the laying of it. It might be of interest to the readers to know that all of the contents of the corner stone of the old Central school building, that the Trustees were able to rescue, together with the contents of the corner stone of the first High School building—later Fremont School—and a small contribution of the acting Board were placed into the new casket and deposited in the new corner stone. When all these things were collected a peculiar incident presented itself. F. W. Atchearn added in the erection of the grand Old Central building and his name appeared several times upon material in the corner stone, while the name of his son, Fred G. Athearn, appeared prominently in connection with the building of the first High School building and simple record of his activities were found in the latter corner stone. Now, after so many years, these two names were placed side by side in the new stone). On September 4, 1923 we find the name of "Fremont School" changed again. This time it was called the "Intermediate School." Both children and teachers were greatly pleased with the new accommodations and the patrons were both surprised and pleased that much extensive improvements had been made without a bond issue. The enrollment was so large upon the opening of the schools that the Superintendent and Board were quick to recognize "the handwriting upon the wall" and we find in the minutes of October 1923, that "the question of a bond issue for a new building was discussed," and it was agreed that the Board would meet again in the evening and County Superintendent Mitchell be asked to present." The meeting was held that evening as scheduled and the result was "that a bond election for $110,000.00 was called, to be held October 29, 1923, at the Intermediate Public School Building, for the purpose of raising money for the purchasing of school lots, for the building or purchasing one or more school buildings, for insuring school buildings, or supplying school buildings with furniture or necessary apparatus and/or improving school grounds. There were 177 votes cast at this election—157 for and 20 against the bonds. As is usual, considerable time was consumed by the necessary preliminaries before he began nothing further. This time it is pear blight infection which has suddenly appeared to threaten profits of growers of this fruit and offer a menace to other crops should it spread. Orange county's horticultural commissioner has been asked to immediately cooperate with the state department of agriculture in disposing of the pest before it gains a foothold. Warning that pear blight was manifesting itself was sounded by the state department some months ago. Within the past two weeks severity of its menace was recognized and a vigorous campaign of eradication begun. At least 30 per cent reduction in the pear crop must occur, experts say, based on evidence gathered to date. Unless prompt measures are taken, this percentage will increase due to ravages of the blight. Damage is reported greatest in the Sacramento River, Coloma, Hollister, Contra Costa and Marysville districts. Spread of the blight to other sections is inevitable unless a speedy halt of the infection is completed, the department declared. Unusual prevalence of the disease this year is attributed to a combination of weather conditions, blooming period and presence of abundant infective material such as uncaired for and neglected apple trees, disregarded hosts and hold-over cankers in pear trees. "We have asked immediate action by county agricultural commissioners," state George H. Hecke, director of the state department of agriculture. "All commissioners have been told to notify growers of apples and pears to apply accepted remedial measures." These consist of surgery and disinfection, including the method of applying zinc chloride. "Particular attention will be paid to old neglected pear and apple orchards in the fight against the blight. Host plants will be carefully examined, including the loquat, quince, hawthorne, contoneaster, pyracantha, toyon and medlar. "Spread of the bacteria from infective material is attributed to some extent to insects. Undoubtedly considerable spread in orchards can be blamed to inefficient labor employed in control campaigns." The situation is not yet out of hand. Hecke concluded, but it can easily become serious unless all units combine to work against its spread. Cucumber Pests and Diseases This is the season when young melons are most likely to become diseased with the common mildew. At the first sign of a white coating on the leaves, the crop may be dusted with sulphur. If the melon aphis or plant louse is present nicotine sulfur dust should be used. Sulphur dust is more effective than Bordeaux for this purpose, although of the weather becomes very hot—over 100°—there is danger of sulphur burn. Therefore if dusting Cucumber Pests and Diseases This is the season when young melons are most likely to become diseased with the common mildew. At the first sign of a white coating on the leaves, the crop may be dusted with sulphur. If the melon aphis or plant louse is present nicotine sulfur dust should be used. Sulphur dust is more effective than Bordeaux for this purpose, although of the weather becomes very hot—over 100°—there is danger of sulphur burn. Therefore, if dusting is necessary it is best to do so before the heat of midsummer arrives. The common insect enemy is the spotted or striped cucumber beetle, known as Diabrotica. The grubs of this geetle feed upon the roots and may be controlled by pouring upon the roots a cup of 1-1000 nicotine sulphate (40%) solution. A 4-5-50 Bordeaux mixture is a good repellent for this beetle. Three to five pounds of basic arsenate of lead dissolved in 100 gallons of water and sprayed on the plants before or not later than blossoming time is also recommended. The acreage planted in the intermediate states (Including California) is estimated to be 13% greater than in 1929; 17% larger than the average of the past five years; and the largest acreage to date for this group. Including the acreage for the early crop, and the intended planting for the late crop, the 1930 acreage seems likely to be 20% larger than in 1929 and 25% larger than the average of the past five years. Early indications are that the yield in California and some other areas, will be lower than last year. The forecast of production in the intermediate group will be available next month. It seems to be about as difficult for a tariff bill to get through Congress as it is for a United States Senator to walk through the eye of a needle. The free traders have overlooked one argument: they ought to tell us that a tariff on hides would take the home away from the Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe. Being in the state legislature isn't as bad as it used to be. The legislators don't have to elect United States senators any more. Back East and back... 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Once in the home every mother says—"I keep it always on hand." Every druggist sells Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin. for a free trial bottle send name and address to Pepsin Syrup Company, Monticello, Illinois. YOU PAY NOTHING For Installation Or Service when You Buy A Gas Refrigerator own payment puts an Electrolux kitchen... balance on liberal terms and to wait another day to own the finest automatic refrigerator! One that gives you cubes you want—the chance to try new desserts and salads—at less than probably pay for ice right now. QUICK FACTS! 1. Intently noiseless. 2. Only safe. 3. New cents a day. 4. Mechanism to wear, 5. To need oil. 6. Lasts indefinitely. 7. Free from trouble. 8. Perpetual, steady cold. 9. Plenty of pure ice cubes. 10. Tested and endorsed by national authorities. The unusually low down payment offer is made, frankly, to induce you to start saving on your ice bills with an Electrolux right now. And an Electrolux in your kitchen means a real saving! 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