anaheim-gazette 1929-08-22

On the Fly's Trail Because California is most susceptible to its ravages, because it would affect California's principal industry, the Mediterranean Fruit Fly menace has put fear into the hearts of agricultural interests in the State. Terrible is the prospect of ruination among California crops should the fly once get a foothold. Not long were agricultural departments inactive, nor growers lax, when once the warning was sounded. At the first warning, extensive inspection and precautions were inaugurated. States borders were jealously guarded, incoming fruit examined, the fly invasion repulsed for the time being. Nor did California stop at this point. Lately University of California's Professor H. J. Quayle was authorized by the United States Quarantine Board to investigate the habits and life history of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly in other countries. On a private yacht, Quayle will sail the Mediterranean, visit the countries around it, make experiments in the yacht's laboratories. Said the United States Department of Agriculture: "Quayle is the obvious man" to make such a study. At Riverside, Quayle had been professor of entomology at the Citrus Experiment Station. Fly Habits Injury by the Mediterranean fly is confined only to fruits; foliage, stems and roots are not affected. The female fly bores through the skin of the fruit, lays eggs; the At Riverside, Quayle had been professor of entomology at the Citrus Experiment Station. Fly Habits Injury by the Mediterranean fly is confined only to fruits; foliage, stems and roots are not affected. The female fly bores through the skin of the fruit, lays eggs; the punctures cannot be seen by the naked eye. The eggs hatch into whitish larvae which feed on the pulp of the fruit, causing immediate decay. Finally leaving the fruit, they seek shelter on the ground and change through stages into a full-grown fly whose life lasts from two to four months. Females lay eggs every day, causing a phenomenal reproduction. Climate Temperature greatly influences fruit fly development. Southern California compares closely to southern Spain in climate. To determine what damage the fly could do if it located here, a knowledge of the fly's activities in Spain is helpful. There fruit growers continue to raise crops in spite of the fly. Oranges are not infested during April and May. But by August, such fruit as remains on the trees is badly eaten by the growing larvae. The fly has been reported as being inactive in Spain during the winter and not becoming active before June. Thus fruits which mature between November and June escape injury. And as oranges in Spain are of the variety which are picked before July, it is therefore seen why Spanish fruit is not overly troubled by the pest. There are no commercial oranges on the trees during the greatest fly activity. Although Spain's climate is somewhat similar to California's, the crop situation is different. California Navel and grapefruit crops parallel closely the orange crop of Spain (in season from November to June). But the California Valencia season falls during the months of greatest fly activity, June to October. The peach and the prune and other deciduous fruits (not immune) also mature in this season; and these are of vast commercial importance. Therefore, were the fly to become established in Southern California it would kill great acreages of fully matured citrus and deciduous these circumstances irreversibly decayed, but decay quickly upon its dry ground. In the case of able drop the grower for holes in dropped fruit decayed. In picking, falls with a gentle push be squeezed to local holes. If there are holes should be cut and exhale hardening and brown skin around the holes in dications. Orange infestation harder to detect. This light infestation of the range and only a slight bleed in the sour orange of the knife is the method of detection. The larvae of the part found in the slender and pale colorish, stout behind, tapers toward the head end; rest third inch long, they Two pairs of breathing spiracles, one pair at the body, serve to dislodge Mediterranean fruit fly any other forms. The spiracles show three rings. Many other flies vae confused by grown Mediterranean type are in detail in the July California Fruit Grow change bulletin on Control. Control In Florida, destructive mature host vegetables, followed spraying with arsenic destroy the adult fillet the method of control Australia and South methods have been in ceasful where timely effort is made, this moving and usually reunity action. The recommended is different former mixture. It contains pounds molasses, for ounces of arsenate of borne one dozen ripe orange sufficient to make four mixture altogether. Sprays eighty trees. Stroys the adults on fected fruit should be destroyed. Traps with bait are also used. Baby Limas Although somewhat parallel closely the orange crop of Spain (in season from November to June). But the California Valencia season falls during the months of greatest fly activity, June to October. The peach and the prune and other deciduous fruits (not immune) also mature in this season; and these are of vast commercial importance. Therefore, were the fly to become established in Southern California it would kill great acreages of fully matured citrus and deciduous fruits during the season of its greatest activity. Reason: The fly and the fruit come into maturity at the same time. Lemons, say Italian entomologists, are immune to the fly. Prof. Quayle of the University of California supports this view also. The only lemons where fly larvae were found were decayed. Says Entomologist Woglum: "Eradication is California's watchword. We should think of the fly in no other terms but eradication, should the pest become established here. The burden of adding treatment for another pest drops into insignificance compared with the value of keeping this new pest out." Californians need only to remember Florida's dilemma to realize the truth of Woglum's statement. Woglum, as head of the Pest Control Bureau of California Fruit Growers Exchange, suggests that a permanent fruit fly department be maintained by the State, for although the danger of contagion from Florida may be eradicated, California is in perpetual danger of fly invasion from nearby Hawaii. The Director of Agriculture, not slow to take up Woglum's suggestion, has started such a depart- Baby Limas Although somewhat Fernando Valley's baby crop promises to be a Van Nuys and Owens growers associations warehouses in the vicinity seda, and at North L.A. to repair machinery in for handling an output mately 12,000 acres. Prune Prices Prune prices for the last fortnight were doubled last year, and three of the year before. State Marketing Service the market intensely quotations on an upward Cotton Good On the increase, but condition rated at eight percent of normal, Californi production this season 223,000 bales. This crop was made by E. E. Kricultural statistician, Blair, cotton statistie Federal Crop Reporti NEWS. REVIEW SECTION touch last year's figure, ports. Calimynas should yield. Last year's crop was have been a failure. Walnut production gains tons over July 1 and is set to reach 41,000 tons, almost 000 more than last year. Are up 1000 from a month Growers are looking for a yield, only 37 per cent of yield of 13,700 tons. Crop exceptionally light in the part of Sacramento and San Quin Valleys. Prunes are soaring in pear Sacramento, San Joaquin, Santa Clara, and other growers are cashing in on drop which high June tatures brought. Expected 122,000 tons, the crop more money than the head 000-ton crop produced last. To facilitate immediate discovery of the pest's location here be its primary aim. Detection Softness of the fruit, and bleed of the fruit under slight pressure at puncture holes made by the case are two symptoms of the presence in grapefruit. Under the circumstances fruit is seldom yayed, but decay will follow likely upon its drop to the ground. In the case of unexplained drop the grower should look holes in dropped fruit yet unyayed. In picking, if the fruit is with a gentle pull, it should squeezed to locate possible lesions. If there are holes, the fruit could be cut and examined. Slight wilting and browning of the around the holes are other intations. The crop comes from 315,000 acres of land in Riverside and Imperial valleys, San Joaquin and Sacramento. Delay in growth was caused in most sections this year by a cool and shady spring. Reports of heat shedding in early June affected the crops in places, but not generally. California cotton is generally free from worm damage, although Lower California and Mexico yields have been affected by it. Crop Forecasts Past pessimism and over-production menaces were wiped away and the agriculturalists' happy dream of Arcady brought to the zenith of realization last week. From Sacramento came the report of E. E. Kaufman, Federal-State statistician, that there is no doubt on the face of conditions that every principal product of California will net handsome revenues this season. Cleared is the way for the greatest agricultural season on record in 1930. As surveyed by Mr. Kaufman, yields will be materially better than appeared possible a month ago. The peach crop indication is up 4000 to 303,000; clingstones forecasted at 162,000 and freestones at 141,000. Pears will yield 1000 tons in excess of July 1, or 173,000 tons. All but 23,000 of these are Bartletts. The bumper tree yield of the year is apricots, are forecast at 184,000 tons, despite a smaller say observers. Plums with 39,000 tons and the price remained relatively high. Navel orange growers wish in on high prices unless on an unusually large number lencias still to be made. Heavy drop in June broughes lencias down to 58 per cent and Navels down per cent, the lowest five years. Lemons are down to cent and may decline further. Olive men are expecting er market; a further deer July prospectus to 60 of normal, 11 points under 1. It was 67 last year. Grapes will yield the harvest since 1924. Vine are indicated at 482,000 tons varieties at 478,000, and grapes on a fresh basis, 14 tons, a decrease of 300,000 last season. The bearing this year is approximately less. Corn production will run 630,000 bushels as against 21 in 1928; wheat, harvested per cent less acerage will 12,078,000 bushels; oats, be 30.38 bushels per acre five age will total 4,437,000 drozen ripe oranges and water cienti to make four gallons of ure altogether. One gallon says eighty trees. The spray deys the adults only. All ined fruit should be picked and troved. Traps with attractant are also used. Baby Limas Although somewhat late, San ando Valley's baby lima-bean promises to be a bumper one. Nuys and Owensmouth bean wers associations are advising houses in the vicinity of Reland, and at North Los Angeles, repair machinery in preparation handling an output of approxily 12,000 acres. June Prices June prices for the 1929 crop fortnight were double those of year, and three times those the year before. The Federal e Marketing Service reported market intensely active and ations on an upward trend. Cotton Good In the increase, but with the edition rated at eighty-six per of normal, California cotton duction this season will total 800 bales. This crop forecast made by E. E. Kaufman, agnural statistician, and R. E. er, cotton statistician of the Central Crop Reporting Service. -RAIN--RAIN-- Makes Rain When You Want It Thorough. Even Distribution of Moisture. Air, Fertilizer. Complete Use of Your Soil. Write for Catalogue SKINNER IRRIGATION CO. 232 E. 12th St., Los Angeles WE 8034 $100 Reward If you will help to locate my uncle, Jacob Heisler (Heidler, Heiler), who died in Southern California in September, 1889, who was supposed to be very wealthy. Apply O. H. SHENK 317 Woolworth Bldg. Lancaster, Pa. See the 7½-acre Bird Park with hundreds of rare birds. Just another Catalina pleasure! Dance free in the gorgeous new Casino. Play golf on the beautiful course and enjoy the new Clubhouse. Take the family to the Magic Isle for a REAL vacation! Write for free literature CATALINA ISLAND CO. 34 P. E. Building, L.A. last year's figure, say recalimynas should yield fairyear's crop was said to be a failure. But production gained 500 per July 1 and is expected on 41,000 tons, almost 17, more than last year. Almonds are looking for a 5000-ton only 37 per cent of the 1928 of 13,700 tons. Crops were nally 'light in the major Sacramento and San Joaleys. Crops are soaring in price, and onto, San Joaquin, Tulare, Clara, and other district areas are cashing in on a hevy which high June temperarought. Expected to reach tons, the crop will net money than the heavy 225, crop produced last year, barley, topping its five-year average for a 29.6 bushels per acre yield, will run to 27,824,000 bushels; rice, improved in condition will be offered to the amount of 4, 902,000 bushels, or 2,100,000 bags. Lima beans, headed for a new high record, should yield 2,400, 000 bushels, despite hot weather and other beans are forecast at 2,678,000 bushels. Sweet potatoes should crop 1,100,000 bushels and potatoes, curtailed severely as to acreage will run to 5,023,000 bushels with every indication of recouping losses experienced by growers last year. The sugar beet yield should be 437,000 tons, slightly more than two-thirds of 1928 production; cotton as previously announced, should yield 223,000 balls or 338 pounds per acre, and the grain sorghum not look is 3,395,000 bushels. All tame hay now is focast at 5,056,000 tons and grain hay at 949,000 tons, while alfalfa will run to 3,835,000 tons about 500,000 pounds under the harvest of last season. Milk vs. Cream Ice cream makers of California —some of them—have been substituting ice milk for ice cream. Director G. H. Hecke of the State Department of Agriculture at Sacramento declares he will prosecute them vigorously. Dr. M. E. MacDonald of the State Bureau of Dairy Control, says ice milk looks and tastes like ice cream, but it contains much less butter fat. Butter fat is the expensive ingredient in ice cream. Dealers who sell ice milk must not allow people to think it is ice —some of them—have been substituting ice milk for ice cream. Director G. H. Hecke of the State Department of Agriculture at Sacramento declares he will prosecute them vigorously. Dr. M. E. MacDonald of the State Bureau of Dairy Control, says ice milk looks and tastes like ice cream, but it contains much less butter fat. Butter fat is the expensive ingredient in ice cream. Dealers who sell ice milk must not allow people to think it is ice cream or prosecution will result, according to Hecke's plan. The Carefree Way to Town WHEN you slip into a comfortable Red Car seat, you know that you'll be delivered to your destination, safely, comfortably, economically—and on time. WHEN you slip into a comfortable Red Car seat, you know that you'll be delivered to your destination, safely, comfortably, economically—and on time. Lean back and relax, read if you like, or enjoy the sights along the way, free from the worries of traffic's nerve-straining pace. Arrive rested, ready for work or play. This is the economical way, too. Commutation fares are only slightly over 1 cent per mile. Compare this to what transportation costs you now. And you save parking fees besides. Investigate the schedules. Learn how the Red Cars can serve you. Then try them to see if their advantages aren't worth enjoying. For Sunday travel, new $1.00 Passes offer added convenience and economy Pacific Electric Railway O.A. SMITH, Passenger Traffic Mg.