anaheim-gazette 1921-08-04

COVER CROPS IMPROVE SOIL; BEST TIME TO PLANT THEM They Add Humus, Accumulate Nitrogen, Prevent Erosion and Loss of Plant Food Planting cover or green manure crops is a matter which requires attention in August or September in most parts of the United States, say experts of the United States department of agriculture. Clover, vetch, and other legumes serve the triple purpose of adding humus to the soil, accumulating nitrogen, and preventing soil erosion. With some tender berry and fruit crops they also serve to protect the roots from severe winter weather. Outside of the nitrogen-forming plants, rye is largely used as a cover-crop grown in the fall and plowed under in the spring to add organic matter to the soil. The cover-crop problem varies largely with locality, but for over-winter purposes there is one rule which is universal, and that it to get the crop in the ground in time to secure good growth before freezing weather. The use of clover or some other legume to enrich the soil is generally considered a cardinal agricultural practice in the humid sections of the United States. It antedates by three-fourths of a century the monumental discovery that legumes store up nitrogen from the air. The belief that clover was a valuable improver rested first on experience, and later experience was substantiated by the discovery of the relation between the legumes and the nodule bacteria. Other legumes, as the cow pea, the Japan clover and bur clover in the south and crimson clover on the Atlantic coast, have come into use in the territory not well adapted to red clover. The various vetches are held in widespread favor, different varieties being employed according to climate OATMEAL BREAD AND CAKES NEVER GO BEGGING Oatmeal, commonly thought of as a breakfast food, makes delicious bread and cakes. The following recipes for its use are commonly recommended by food specialists of the United States department of agriculture: Oatmeal bread— 1 cup milk or water. 1 teaspoon salt. 1 cup rolled oats. 2 1-2 cups wheat flour. 1-2 yeast cake. Scald the liquid, add salt and pour over the oats, cool for half an hour, add the yeast mixed with one-fourth cup lukewarm water, and the flour. Knead and let rise until double the size. Knead again and let rise in the pan until the size is doubled. Bake in a moderate oven for 50 minutes. This makes one loaf weighing 1 1/4 pounds. Spiced oatmeal cakes— 1 1/2 cups flour. 1-2 cup cooked oatmeal. 1-4 cup sugar. 1-4 cup raisins. 1-4 cup molasses. 1-4 teaspoon soda. A-2 teaspoon baking powder. 1-2 teaspoon cinnamon. 3 tablespoon fat. Heat the molasses and fat to boiling. Mix with all the other materials. Bake in muffin pans for 30 minutes. This makes 12 cakes. HEAVY BEAN CROP Black-eye beans in Orange county will produce a crop this year three times larger than that of last year, and double an ordinary year's crop. Conservative and optimistic growers alike agree that the crop of blackeyes will exceed that of any previous year in the county's history. Cutters will begin work in the fields this week, and expect to find the beans in Illinois, represent met in convention at state department. Common consent ther mander-in-chief, and organized in other states were no record states were represented napolis encampment 1867; 24 in 1868, 3755 posts. At the 1869 encampment life insurance scheme being said then that 240,000 members. I said that the report at the 1870 there was thirty-says it is "absolutely me to furnish anything report of the present. In 1890, however authentic state than was 409,489, the high ed. From 1878 to was rapid, being free annually. Since 1883 been constant, except in 1906 said to be on favorable pension lege. LEFT-OVER FISH FOR APPLICATION other legumes, as the cow pea, the Japan clover and bur clover in the south and crimson clover on the Atlantic coast, have come into use in the territory not well adapted to red clover. The various vetches are held in widespread favor, different varieties being employed according to climate and crop conditions. The time of planting and the best crop to use is a matter which local conditions must dictate. Along the north Atlantic coast it is considered best to get these crops in from the first to the middle of August, while in the extreme south the planting may be deferred to early October. In the extreme north hairy vetch is favored as a legume, cover, or green manure crop, but rye is also largely planted. From middle Pennsylvania to the north Alabama line crimson clover gives good results. In the extreme south bur clover, vetch, and crimson clover are used, as well as velvet beans and cow peas. In the extreme southwest, particularly with the orchardists of southern California, common vetch is sown in the fall and turned under as early as possible in the spring. Purple vetch is preferred, as it can be turned under one month earlier than other varieties, but until recently there has been extreme scarcity of seed, a condition which is being remedied through the efforts of the department in getting the seed grown in more northern sections of the coast. Sour clover is used to a large extent, as the seed is cheaper than that of the vetches. Farther north on the coast common vetch gives good results, while east of the mountains in the northwest hairy vetch is used because of its cold-resistant properties. Methods with cover crops vary greatly. In the south they are customarily sowed between rows of cotton at the last pickling. It is also common to sow the winter crop between corn rows before harvest. Wherever clean cultivation is practiced the soil is likely to be in shape for broadcasting the seed. If convenient, it can be harrowed in. In orchards a light harrowing or disking may be employed if the ground is free from sod. Care must, of course, be taken not to injure the roots. The crop is usually plowed under in the HEAVY BEAN CROP Black-eye beans in Orange county will produce a crop this year three times larger than that of last year, and double an ordinary year's crop. Conservative and optimistic growers alike agree that the crop of blackeyes will exceed that of any previous year in the county's history. Cutters will begin work in the fields this week, and expect to find the beans running 1000 pounds to the acre, though the more conservative feel that it is safe only to say that the crop will run 80 per cent of normal. Due to drought expectancy the acreage planted to blackeyes was 250 per cent over the normal, growers said, which accounts for the enormous crop in the fact that considerable of this increased acreage was lima land. It is estimated that 20,000 acres were planted to blackeyes. Usually only one inch of rain falls after May 1, and this year the weather forecasting ranchers were looking for a dry season. Nearly three inches of rain, however, fell upon the lands after the middle of that month. Decidedly more profitable crops could have been planted, rancher's admit, but with the market down on all agricultural products their foresight has stood them in good stead. In ordinary years, blackeyes are planted only in the least fertile acres or as a summer fill-in. Blackeyes will appear on the market in later part of August, acorting to present indications. Futures are being bought and sold now, it is said, with prices running at 4 cents. Growers are reticent in naming the price they expect to get for their crop, but with limas selling at 50 per cent below normal, according to various authorities, blackeyes will not climb above the 4-cent mark, in their opinion. To corroborate their estimates, these authorities call attention to the price of wheat and barley, the low level of which, they declare, is bound to reflect upon the price of all other staple products. Estimates of the crop in centrals or 100-pound sacks are from 125,000 to 150,000 within Orange county, with the round figure of 200,000 for the crop output of the territory south of Los Angeles. DWINDLING GRAND ARMY When the Grand Army of the Repubauthentic state that was 409,489, the high ed. From 1878 to was rapid, being free annually. Since 1883 been constant, except in 1906 said to be favorable pension lege. LEFT-OVER FISH FOR APPLE Left-over fish is given a little cheese, or cut on toast, or it can be mold, which is especiated on lettuce with salad specialists of the U.S. ment of agriculture. 1 egg. 2 tablespoons vinegar 1 1-2 tablespoons salt 1-2 teaspoon sugar 1-3 teaspoon sugar 1 taillespoon gel 1-4 cup cold water 1 cup minced cook 1-4 teaspoon celery Beat egg until light water, and vinegar, or ly. Cook over boiled thickened. Soften cold water and dish over hot water. A gelatin and the fish given above. Mold or one large mold. Nonical and appetizing and butter and some cooked dried fruit per or lunch. Fish chowder recipe is a whole dish 1 1-2 pounds fish ned, or left over). 9 medium sized p cut in small pieces 1 onion sliced. 2 cups carrots cut 1-4 pound salt po 3 cups milk. Pepper. 3 tablespoons flour Cut pork in smal with the chopped utes. Put pork o potatoes in kettle al ing water.' Cook t tender. Mix three flour with one-half and blend it with t Add th rest of th which has been rem and cut in small plec early sowed between rows of cotton at the last picking. It is also common to sow the winter crop between corn rows before harvest. Wherever clean cultivation is practiced the soil is likely to be in shape for broadcasting the seed. If convenient, it can be harrowed in. In orchards a light harrowing or disk-ing may be employed if the ground is free from sod. Care must, of course, be taken not to injure the roots. The crop is usually plowed under in the spring, but this is not always done with orchards. Data collected in all parts of the United States shows a general benefit from this form of agriculture. Cover crops are of especial value to small gardeners and truckers, who often find it both difficult and expensive to obtain stable manure. They add the humus which is so necessary to maintain a good physical condition of the soil. Whether there is a vacant place in the garden a few seeds of rye, vetch, clover, etc., may be sown and raked in. If a suitable rotation of crops is followed all parts of the garden may be covered with a green manure crop once every two or three years. PORCH BOX TO PROTECT MILK If the day's supply of milk is delivered very early in the morning, so that it stands on the porch for several hours before the family arises, a porch box should be provided. A covered box consisting of two galvanized iron cases with a layer of insulating material is a good way to protect the milk from rain, flies, prowling animals, and dust blown from the street. READY TO HELP "Oh, doctor, I am suffering so much I want to die!" "You did perfectly right to call me." The American Legion Weekly. DWINDLING GRAND ARMY When the Grand Army of the Republic holds its annual reunion this year, more than 10,000 of the civil war veterans who attended the encampment of 1920 will be counted among the missing, as the ranks have been depleted to this extent through the last year. The total membership of the G. A. R. today is 93,155, while its membership in 1920 was 103,258. The total membership is scattered among 4445 posts in every state. Ohio, with 10,241, has the largest membership, with Pennsylvania second, with 9122; New York third, 8795; Illinois fourth, 6868; Indiana fifth, 5949; Massachusetts sixth, 5356. No other states have 5000 or more members. Property owned by all posts is valued at $2,075,027, including real estate worth $802,841. Members in the old confederate states total approximately 2200. The G. A. R. was organized in Illinois in the spring of 1866. Who were its originators is a matter of tradition rather than record, says the report made to the national encampment in 1869 by N. P. Chipman, then adjutant general of the national organization. "There can be no doubt that the late Col. B. F. Stephenson, of Decatur, Ill., was one of the prime movers," says Chipman's report. "Being recognized as such, he organized the first post at Dakota, Ill." By July, 1866, there were forty posts which they declare, is bound to reflect upon the price of all other staple products. Estimates of the crop in cents or 100-pound sacks are from 125,000 to 150,000 within Orange county, with the round figure of 200,000 for the crop output of the territory south of Los Angeles. PROPERLY PACKING INSURANCE Not a day passes without city, state ment, do not condone or another because man consumption duo to deliberate tention to defraud more often it is the packing, neglect toatures to be encountering from point of oor failure to consider must necessarily e product is likely to ers' tables. All this entails no money, likely to be demanded of the public dangers the public casionally some unthrough inspection food. Enough food every week to form part of the amount people; and practice ANAHEIM GAZETTE IN Illinois, representatives of which met in convention and organized the state department. Stephenson was by common consent the provisional commander-in-chief, and posts were organized in other states, resulting in the first national encampment being held at Indianapolis, November 20, 1866. After the Indianapolis convention, Chipman records that "posts seem to have sprung up as if by magic in all parts of the north," but he adds there was no record of progress. Ten states were represented at the Indianapolis encampment, 21 states in 1867; 24 in 1868, 37 in 1869, having 2,550 posts. At the 1869 encampment a mutual life insurance scheme was proposed, it being said then that the G. A. R. had 240,000 members. In 1867 it has been said that the state departments "claimed to represent a constituency of over 200,000." But there is no authentic record of the number for the early years, the insurance proposal containing an estimate, it is thought, and the '67 estimate being regarded as the number of union soldiers living in the jurisdiction of the state departments, represented at the convention. For instance, the adjutant general's report at the 1870 encampment, when there was thirty-nine departments, says it is "absolutely impossible for me to furnish anything like a correct report of the present membership." In 1890, however, reports taken as authentic state that the membership was 409,489, the highest mark recorded. From 1878 to 1890, the growth was rapid, being from 12,000 to 85,000 annually. Since 1890, the decline has been constant, except for a 3000 gain in 1906 said to be due to prospects of favorable pension legislature. LEFT-OVER FISH GOOD FOR APPETIZING DISHES Left-over fish is good scalloped with b saved through intelligence and care on the part of the producers and shipers. After your chickens are fattened and ready to kill it will pay you to study the methods of killing, bleeding, picking, chilling, and packing described fully in bureau of chemistry circulars 3 "How to Pick Chickens," 52 "How to Wrap Heads," 61 "How to Kill and Bleed Market Poultry." Issued by the department of agriculture, these circulars may be had by application to the division of publications. The man who hopes to succeed should show everything possible about his proposed market, and its demands. Ordinarily, the demand is for broilers of three sizes—squab broilers, small broilers, and large broilers. Squab broilers weigh, dressed, from 34 to 1 pound; small broilers, the size most in demand the greater part of the year, weigh from 1 to 1-1/4 pounds each and large broilers from 1-1/2 to 2 pounds. Broilers may be sold alive or dressed, in the discretion of the shipper; but if dressed, this should be done according to the demands of the market, and these demands one can learn only by inquiry and study. Getting the product ready for the buyer in the public market has much to do with the price received. The appearance of the article, the manner in which it is packed, and its condition—these are the points that make a reputation for the shipper. The temperature of chickens when they are alive is 103 degrees F. This must be reduced after killing to 32 degrees F., or less before they can be packed for long hauls in refrigerator cars. The time required to chill fowls usually is 24 hours, and the packer must be sure that the body cavity, as well as the skin and flesh, are free from heat before the bird leaves the chill room. Failure to observe this requirement is responsible for much of the gasoline should be squirted into every crack between the boards and under the basebards to kill the larvae and pupae. The bed or box in which the cat or dog has been sleeping should also be cleaned and disinfected. Sometimes barn becomes infested with fleas, particularly where hogs are permitted to sleep under them in the dust. The way to get rid of the pest under such conditions is to clean out the loose material and burn it and sprinkle salt over the dust and then wet down thoroughly. Crude petroleum sprinkled about will drive the fleas away. Scattering lime around is also good. It should be remembered that the fleas in the house and barn are due to the animals that sleep in or under the buildings and that the imature stages of the insect develop in the accumulation of dust and vegetable matter in the beds of these animals. A thorough clean-up is the first step to take in getting rid of fleas. It may be a good thing for a dog to have fleas to remind him that he is a dog, as David Harum said, but there are few persons who wish to have the reminder applied to them. A little attention to keeping cats and dogs free from fleas will usually prevent any trouble from these insects in the house Indiana Farmers Guide. URGES HOG RAISING Citing the fact that there are in Orange county considerable areas of land that will never be suitable for the growing of trees or for very high development along agricultural lines, J. R. Waters, assistant farm advisor, suggested that such lands be devoted to the raising of hogs. "At the present time," said Waters, "it is estimated from market reports that California as a stat produces approximately one-third the port consumed within its boundaries. Each year the number of breeders is greater." LEFT-OVER FISH GOOD FOR APPETIZING DISHES Left-over fish is good scalloped with a little cheese, or creamed and served on toast, or it can be made into a fish mold, which is especially good served on lettuce with salad dressing, say food specialists of the United States department of agriculture. 1 egg. 2 tablespoons vinegar. 1 1-2 tablespoons cold water. 1-2 teaspoon salt. 1-3 teaspoon sugar. 1 taplespoon gelatin. 1-4 cup cold water. 1 cup minced cooked fish. 1-4 teaspoon celery seed. Beat egg until light, add seasonings, water, and vinegar, and beat thoroughly. Cook over boiling water until thickened. Soften the gelatin in the cold water and dissolve by placing over hot water. Add the dissolved gelatin and the fish to the dressing given above. Mold in individual cups or one large mold. This dish is economical and appetizing and with bread and butter and some fresh, canned, or cooked dried fruit makes a good supper or lunch. Fish Chowder Fish chowder made by the following recipe is a whole dinner in one dish: 1 1-2 pounds fish (fresh, salt, canned, or left over). 9 medium sized potatoes, peeled and cut in small pieces. 1 onion, sliced. 2 cups carrots cut in pieces. 1-4 pound salt pork. 3 cups milk. Pepper. 3 tablespoons flour. Cut pork in small pieces and fry with the chopped onion for five minutes. Put pork, onions, carrots, and potatoes in kettle and cover with boiling water. Cook until vegetables are tender. Mix three tablespoons of flour with one-half cup of the cold milk and blend it with the liquid in the pot. Add the rest of the milk and the fish, which has been removed from the bone and cut in small pieces. Cook until the temperature of chickens when they are alive is 103 degrees F. This must be reduced after killing to 32 degrees F., or less before they can be packed for long hauls in refrigerator cars. The time required to chill fowls usually is 24 hours, and the packer must be sure that the body cavity, as well as the skin and flesh, are free from heat before the bird leaves the chill room. Failure to observe this requirement is responsible for much of the ill-conditioned poultry found in public markets. The range of temperature permitted, too, is small. Below 30 degrees F., the flesh is frosted; above 35 degrees F., decay proceeds too rapidly to permit of long haul's to distant markets. Of course, th₀ birds can be frozen after they are chilled, and so shipped, and this is a very excellent plan, especially if the haul is across a hot country, say the specialists in the department of agriculture. It is customary to pack broilers with the breasts up, and the feet hidden. The prevailing method at present, where refrigeration is available, is to pack the chickens in small boxes holding a dozen each, but small boxes suitable for one or two chickens have recently been placed on the market. If the business is to be permanent the containers should carry the farm name, or the name of the shipper if the farm has no name. An attractive advertisement on the box has a great deal to do with marketing, a fact proved long ago to the satisfaction of shrewd business men. Small packages are becoming more and more popular. Two layers of chickens in a box are being discarded for a single layer, it being realized that refrigeration is more perfect if the carcasses do not touch, and if pressure on such tender tissue as chicken muscle is eliminated s₀ far as possible. On this account heads are wrapped in waxed paper and turned back where they do not rest against the soft flesh of the breast or thighs. No longer does the packer thrust old cocks, broiling chickens, and fowls indiscriminately into a big sugar barrel, pressing them down in his effort to pack tightly, and so bruising the flesh and tearing the skin. GETTING RID OF FLEAS A number of readers have asked for information about ridding their premises of fleas. Now this is a "ticklish" PROPERLY PACKED POULTRY INSURES BETTER PRICE Large Quantities of Poultry and Other Food Products Are Condemned Because of Handling Not a day passes that inspectors employed by city, state or federal government, do not condemn food of one kind or another because it is unfit for human consumption. Sometimes this is duo to deliberate adulteration, an intention to defraud the purchasers, but more often it is the result of improper packing, neglect to consider temperatures to be encountered in transporting from point of origin to destination, or failure to consider the time which must necessarily elapse before the product is likely to reach the consumers' tables. All this entails not only great loss in money, likely to be reflected in prices demanded of the public, but also it endangers the public health because occasionally some unworthy article glips through inspection, and is served as food. Enough food products spoil every week to form a very important part of the amount needed by the people; and practically all of it might the packer thrust old cocks, broiling chickens, and fowls indiscriminately into a big sugar barrel, pressing them down in his effort to pack tightly, and so bruising the flesh and tearing the skin. GETTING RID OF FLEAS A number of readers have asked for information about ridding their premises of fleas. Now this is a "ticklish" subject. When one has fleas he is not proud of the fact and he doesn't want his name mentioned, consequently some of those who have written us didn't sign their names to their letters, but they were willing to let us in on their secret even if they didn't want their neighbor to know. "How to get rid of fleas?" The answer to that question is something like catching a flea, it is a little difficult to put your finger on it. There are several suggestions that can be made that may be of service. But first let us say there are fleas and fleas, something like 500 different species being known to exist. Less than a dozen of these, however, are of special interest as pests to man and domestic animals. The fleas that usually bother are those that live on dogs and cats. When these animals are infested and are permitted access to the house they are not a bit careful about where they leave their fleas, and it not infrequently happens they get the whole family to scratching. With this kind of fleas the dog or cat should be washed with stock dip or kerosene emulsion. Rubbing pyrethrum or insect powder in their hair is recommended by some. Then clean the rooms that are infested, taking up the carpets and removing all dust and organic matter. The floor should then b mopped with warm, soapy water and after it is dry. Auto Accessories There are many conveniences for cars that come as "extras," and these are necessary for autolists who appreciate comfort. We carry a complete line of accessories and can supply your needs in this respect. Charles H. Mann Dodge Brothers Dealers for Anaheim 210 S. Los Angeles St. Phone 43 corn are 90 to 95 per cent as efficient as Indian corn. They all need supplementing with a protein feed. "Tankage, wheat middlings, cocoa nut meal, linseed meal, soy beans, skim milk and buttermilk are some of the best protein supplements to use with barley, milo, corn and other low-protein grains. Of the forage crops, alfalfa, clover, soy beans, cow-peas and rape are the best for supplying protein. "Barley, wheat, rye, milo, kaffir and other small grains should be ground or rolled. Soaking serves the same purpose with barley, wheat and rye, but it is not so good with the sorghum grains." SERIO Somehow my mind won't work the way it should; Upon my daily toll I can't maintain it; Perhaps a reason for my breakdown could Be given if I only could explain it. However, on a journey I am bent, And whither it shall take me I'm not telling Because I know not where, although intent Upon a course that seems to me impelling. milk and buttermilk are some of the best protein supplements to use with barley, milo, corn and other low-protein grains. Of the forage crops, alfalfa, clover, soy beans, cow-peas and rape are the best for supplying protein. "Barley, wheat, rye, milo, kaffir and other small grains should be ground or rolled. Soaking serves the same purpose with barley, wheat and rye, but it is not so good with the sorghum grains. "Soaking ground grain is unnecessary. Fresh slops are usually safer than those which have stood for some time, especially in warm weather." NATURAL ERROR Reveille had been sounded and Private Pence came running out with his leggings on wrong. He jumped into the ranks and snapped into attention, but not until after the top kick bad noticed his lapse from military sartorial perfection. "Private Pence," he demanded angrily, "why have you your leggings on wrong?" "It was just a personal mistake," answered the offender. "Mistake?" "Yes. I had my legs crossed when I put them on."—American Legion Weekly. HARSHER NAME "How old are you, Uncle Eph?" "Ninety-eight years old, sah." "You're a fine example of longevity." "Sah?" "I say you are a fine example of longevity." "Yas, sah. Thank you, sah. But when my ol' 'oman is hard at work an' I'm settin' in de sunshine dat aln't whut she calls me."—Birmingham Age-Herald. Job Printing Why not leave that order for job Printingatthe Gazette Job office? We can print any kind of job for you and the quality of our work is always the very best We can print any kind of job for you and the quality of our work is always the very best. Our prices are consistent with the quality of the work done. We Print Letter Heads Envelopes Catalogues Booklets Posters Blank Forms No Job too Difficult Appreciate Your Business