anaheim-gazette 1920-01-08

ROOT DISEASES OF GITRUS TREES DR. J. T. BARRETT SCIENTIFICALLY DISCUSSES THE SUBJECT AT THE FULLERTON INSTITUTE Other Diseases with which Trees are Afflicted Discussed by Dr. Fawcett.—Knowledge of Scaly Bark Very Limited. "We have gone astray in the treatment of citrus troubles in the past and the two diseases I shall speak of have much the same effect upon the tree above as gopher injury to the roots. The first is best known as the oak tree root fungus, Armillaria mellea, really a toadstool, the mycelium or thread-like plant of which penetrates the tissue of the roots. As it travels underground its presence is unsuspected and with oak trees nothing is known of it in many cages until they suddenly die. It attacks eucalypts, peppers, sycamores, deciduous and evergreen fruit trees and many ornamental trees and shrubs. "So far does it travel for victims that we have traced it from a sycamore across under a street and into the second, or scaly bark, we knoy but little. "Gummosis first appears as gum exuding from the bark at the surface of the soil though some bark has generally been killed before discovery and the amount of gum in evidence is no guage of damage but is dependent for supply upon season. Most infections come in the rainy season or after improper irrigation, but the trouble will not be apparent for two or three months. The bark will be killed through to the wood, due to a fungus which causes brown rot in the fruits of the lemon tree. Lemons hanging near the ground in infected soil areas will become infected by rain drops rebounding and touching the fruit. The mycelium is microscopic and grows into the bark, but if the bark be dry it will not be affected, so it is an easy disease to prevent. "Lemon trees are more susceptible than oranges and sour orange is practically immune. To prevent infection it is only necessary to keep the soil away from the trunk down to the top of the main roots. This may expose the roots somewhat and make a little depression about the trunk, from which irrigating water should be kept, but no harm will result from exposure. The ounce of prevention is to bud high on sour orange stock. In light soils merely keep the crown clear, but in heavy soils it is well to paint the parts with Bordeaux paste or spray with a heavy Bordeaux mixture. In infected cases it is best to cut away affected parts and an inch or so of the good bark around the dead parts. Then treat with carbolineum, creolin, Bordeaux paste, and there are other materials equally good. It trees are com- trates the tissue of the roots. As it travels underground its presence is unsuspected and with oak trees nothing is known of it in many cages until they suddenly die. It attacks eucalypts, peppers, sycamores, deciduous and evergreen fruit trees and many ornamental trees and shrubs. "So far does it travel for victims that we have traced it from a sycamore across under a street and into an adjoining orchard. So persistent is it that eight years after removal of an oak, citrus trees were planted and some died in two years. As the mycelium has been traced six feet down into the soil it will be seen that it is hard to combat. The only surface manifestation will be clusters of large brown toadstools ner the base of trees. It is not thought any new infections come through the spores, though these will quickly propagate in manure. The disease in most cases may be traced to native trees or shrubs. In one case a diseased sycamore was removed and navels planted and in four years some had died. Prof. Horne is controlling some trees in an area formerly affected by trenching around it and each year opening this trench to look for roots that may have entered. In removing diseased trees it is necessary to remove all the roots possible for they hold the armillaria in the soil for years. In 1914 one man built a concrete wall deep down in the soil, 400 feet long, to keep out this dreaded mycelium. The top of the wall is one foot below the surface to allow of cultivation. Every year the soil on top of the wall is dug up to look for menacing roots. This disease also attacks walnuts and they readily succumb. In fact, the citrus trees are the most resistant of any. "The dry root disease or rot is not a ghm disease, and though the bark rots and will slough off, it later becomes dry if not forcibly removed. The affected part is at the crown just under the soil and does not extend far down, a distinctly crown disease. This is fusarium, of which there are several species often associated in one attack. It reaches clear through the wood to the very center, and very little can be done to stop its ravages. A sudden stoppage of water flow into the on sour orange stock. In light soils merely keep the crown clear, but in heavy soils it is well to paint the parts with Bordeaux paste or spray with a heavy Bordeaux mixture. In infected cases it is best to cut away affected parts and an inch or so of the good bark around the dead parts. Then treat with carbolineum, creolin, Bordeaux paste, and there are other materials equally good. It trees are completely girdled there remains nothing but bridge grafting or inarching, else will the trees die within nine months or a year. In one case of a 20 year old Valencia orange completely girdled I planted young seedlings around the trunk, grattled them in and the recovery of the tree was rapid. "Scaly bark is a disease exclusively of the orange, not known on the lemon or even on the sour orange, and the Valencia is most susceptible. We cannot tell so much about this disease, its cause or prevention, as in the case of the gum disease. It starts through slight eruptions of the bark and scales of a half inch diameter peeling off. There is no gum at beginning but in six or 12 months gum will be found if diseased bark is cut or aa few drops may ooze out. It may take six months or a year to affect a spot three inches square, and injury is not often noticed until one to three years has elapsed. We will speak of the diseases in three stages or degrees of injury. "The first stge may be said to occur one-fourth way around the trunk, and the treatment is to cut out the bark to solid wood and disinfect. But if the infected part is half or two-thirds the way around, or the second stage, it is suicide to cut it out. The better way is to scrape the bark, more especially around the edges, for in spite of fthe infection new bark will try to grow over the edges and should be aided in the effort. Do not neglect treatment, even if advance of disease is veny slow, and keep at it. Yoi may win. Preventive measures would be to treat the trunks two to five years before visible damage. Painting with all sorts of 'dope' has been tried to cure the affected paprts but without avail, and in that line we have nothing to offer. In the last, or third, stage if the wood is cut into a strong be made within or months. Some four o' Hole, through L. Veuve, start which they hope of water for H uated along the Arlington, Riv The proposal summer water river through a tance of seven clared that th regular channel much by evapo into the earth. that he be give salvaged by give channel. The project ney E. E. Ke Santa Ana Vall and the Anabe Kellogg, repres tion companies there would no water saved as there would be. Before the m Attorney Keech automobile was train at North gineer Vouve on, and the pro up for consider cently when Ca officer of the St appointed last reach a determ Last week Cap inspection along. It has never that the project CALIFORNIA P Three and a Collected That $3,500,00 income tax alone Nevada division Internal Revenue that this sum collected but for large force of working under rots and will slough off, it later becomes dry if not forcibly removed. The affected part is at the crown just under the soil and does not extend far down, a distinctly crown disease. This is fusarium, of which there are several species often associated in one attack. It reaches clear through the wood to the very center, and very little can be done to stop its ravages. A sudden stoppage of water flow into the tree seems to be the immediate cause of death. In gum diseases the tree will recover, but this one is at present well nigh hopeless. We hope to learn something that may aid you and it may be that a close search may reveal the trouble in time to help. We have cut away roots and parts of trunk and still lost out. Do not despair, however, for while badly affected trees may as well be destroyed, where one root is affected it may be cut off or even a part of the trunk painted with asphalt, and may be saved. The best disinfectant with which to treat the affected parts is corrosive sublimate in 50 per cent alcohol, or mercuric cyanide is good. The solution should be one to 500 of the alcohol. Allow it to dry thoroughly and then apply asphalt. In digging holes for young trees in affected areas do not replace the same soil in the holes; get it elsewhere. There is no evidence that this disease travels from one tree to another." Dr. H. S. Fawcett in his opening remarks said: "Dr. Barrett has been telling you of two citrus troubles below the soil, and I will tell you something of two occuring above the soil. The first is gummosis, of which we know both cuse and control, but of FULLERTON-PLACENTIA WALNUTS Through the courtesy of Arthur Staley, secretary-treasurer-of the Fullerton-Placentia Walnut Growers Association, a representative of the Cultivator made an inspection of the packing house at Fullerton and gleaned a few interesting facts regarding walnuts in that section. The 1918 crop was 700 tons and the early estimate for 1919 was 800 tons and everybody was satisfield, but as the harvest ended the crop proved to be the largest ever grown, or 1,100 tons. Of these 13 per cent was number two and the remaining number one, though smaller than usual. The budded nuts ran about 68 tons, of which 6,900 pounds were Eurekas. There was also a carload sent down from San Jose to grade and bleach. The October rains brought over half the crop to the ground and in some orchards the nuts were hard to gather by reason of the mud. This sudden try to grow over the edges and should be aided in the effort. Do not neglect treatment, even if advance of disgase is vexy slow, and keep at it. Yoi may win. Preventive measures would be to treat the trunks two to five years before visible damage. Painting with all sorts of 'dope', has been tried to cure the affected paprts but without avail, and in that line we have nothing to offer. In the last, or third, stage if the wood is cut into a strong bad odor will be noted. We do not know how nature spreads or transmits the disease, but trees may be inoculated with it." ANAHEIM GAZETTE HOLE WATER CLAIM STILL UNDECIDED Captain Lee Turns in Report on Santa Ana River. Capt. Lee a member of the State Water Commission, has just completed an investigation along the Santa Ana river relative to the petition of W. J. Hole for the diversion of Santa Ana river waters and a claim for 400 inches of water. Capt. Lee has not announced the result of his findings, but it is believed that as a result of his visit, definite disposition of the matter will be made within the next few weeks or months. Some four or five years ago, W. J. Hole, through a civil engineer, Erle L. Veuve, started proceedings under which they hoped to secure a supply of water for Hole's Sierra ranch situated along the Santa Ana river near Arlington, Riverside county. The proposal called for carrying summer waters of the Santa Ana house and a few growers took their nuts to chili pepper drying houses to dry out and then to the packing house, which will be sufficiently enlarged at once to care for all emergencies of the future. The only by-product shipped is the light nuts and empty shells that aare culled out by the vacuum cleaner. These are crushed by the buyer, the half meats and quarters taaken out for the confectioner and the shells go to the burner to furnish charcoal for the manufacture of gunpowder. H. J. Douglas, now in charge of the present district, according to Cornellus. BASTANCHURY RETURNS FROM EXTENDED TRIP Visited the Old Family Home in Southern France. After an absence of some several months, Gaston Bastanchury and wife have returned home. During their absence they visited South America, Chile, Peru, Argentine, Brazil, Spain, France and Italy, besides many way points, and thoroughly enjoyed their journey. One of the delightful incidents of the trip was a visit to the old Bastanchury home in France. They also visited many battlefields of France. The trip was partly for pleasure and partly scientific. Bastanchury made a scientific study of citrus and other fruits while in South America and also in Sicily. In the latter place he spent a couple of weeks in a scientific study of that famous lemon country. In Brazil and Argentine they can produce fruit much cheaper than in American he learned on account of labor and other conditions. In Brazil the oranges grow wild and receive no care at all. They are gathered and marketed just as they come from the trees. The trees are all seedlings and do not produce like the trees of California. "I saw enough on the trip to write a book, and perhaps some day I will," said Bastanchury. "What I saw and learned is too big a story to be told in a few minutes." be made within the next few weeks or months. Some four or five years ago, W. J. Hole, through a civil engineer, Erle L. Veuve, started proceedings under which they hoped to secure a supply of water for Hole's Sierra ranch situated along the Santa Ana river near Arlington, Riverside county. The proposal called for carrying summer waters of the Santa Ana river through an open ditch for a distance of several miles. It was declared that the water following the regular channel of the river lost much by evaporation and by sinking into the earth. The petitioner asked that he be given the amount to be salvaged by giving the water a direct channel. The project was opposed by Attorney E. E. Keech, representing the Santa Ana Valley Irrigation Company and the Anaheim Union Water Com-Kellogg, representing the two irrigation companies of this county, that there would not be nearly as much water saved as the petitioner stated there would be. Before the matter was determined, Attorney Keech was killed when his automobile was struck by a Santa Fe train at Northam station, and Engineer Vouve died. The war came on, and the project was not brought up for consideration again until recently when Capt. Lee, the executive officer of the State Water Commission, appointed last September, decided to reach a determination in the case. Last week Capt. Lee made a trip of inspection along the river. It has never been believed here that the project was a feasible one. CALIFORNIA PAYS HEAVY INCOME TAX Three and a Half Million Dollars Collected in this Division. That $3,500,000 was collected from income tax alone in the California and Nevada division of the United States Internal Revenue Department, and that this sum would not have been collected but for the efforts of the large force of investigating deputies working under the department was the Two Veterans Pause Here on Way Home from War. Last week two Australian war veterans were visitors in Orange county looking over the county and learning things about farming. Several months ago, the State of Victoria, Australia, selected 100 veterans for agricultural education in America. These men have been in the United States for several months and some of them will be here for several months more. The two men who were here have been taking courses at the State Farm School at Davis. Their names are S. C. Downing of Rockleigh, South Australia, and W. Mason of Durham Ox. Victoria. "Are you an Anzac?" was asked of Mason. "No, the other man is. He was there at the first, fought at Gallipoli." This brought out a distinction. By everyone but the Australians any Australian soldier in Europe was called an Anzac. By the Australians only those who were in the fight against the Turks in the first year of the war are called Anzacs. These two men saw everything there was to be seen in warfare as waged by infantrymen. Downing wears stripes showing five years of overseas service, and two bars showing wounds received in France. Mason was in the service for three years. "I had plenty of close shaves," Three and a Half Million Dollars Collected in this Division. That $3,500,000 was collected from income tax alone in the California and Nevada division of the United States Internal Revenue Department, and that this sum would not have been collected but for the efforts of the large force of investigating deputies working under the department was the statement of W. A. Cornellus, whose home is Irvine, who is a United States Internal Revenue agent, with headquarters in San Francisco. After the first of the year, Cornellus said, investigations of liquors and narcotics will be conducted by deputies working under the National Prohibition Commission. At the same time, the work of investigating income and estate taxes will be placed in charge of revenue agents. Formerly the latter handled the liquor and narcotic end of the work in addition to income taxes. It is now proposed, according to Cornellus, to divide the present California and Nevada division into two new districts, one to include Southern California and Arizona and the other to include Northern California and Nevada. The headquarters of these two proposed districts would be in Los Angeles and San Francisco, respectively. San Francisco is the headquarters of the present district. Opposition to this plan has developed in the northern city, Cornellus said. If the plan is carried out, the Southern California-Arizona district will be in charge of M. J. Baker of Little Rock, Ark., while the Northern California-Nevada division will be in charge of only those who were in the fight against the Turks in the first year of the war are called Anzacs. These two men saw everything there was to be seen in warfare as waged by infantrymen. Downing wears stripes showing five years of overseas service, and two bars showing wounds received in France. Mason was in the service for three years. "I had plenty of close shaves," said Maason, "but I got by. The nearest, I think, to getting mine was when a bullet hit my old tin hat. I had the blooming hat pulled away down over my eyes, and the bullet hit it just where it was over and between my eyes." Anyone who thinks that years of service in the trenches destroys human cheer ought to spend a few minutes with these two good-natured Anzacs. They are here in this country particularly to study drainage methods. Farm Advisor Wahlberg had them out looking over ditches and canals in the lowlands. These 100 men will take up government land for farming purposes immediately on reaching home." It's five years since I saw home,' said Dawning. "We were in plenty of trenches in France that needed draining," said Mason with a laugh and he launched forth into a description of his feeling on awakening one morning. He had built a platform of branches so that he could sleep above the mud. When he awakened he was asleep in water, which had come in during the night. "And it is so long since we handled Make application by letter in own handwriting to Circulation Manager, "California" Magazine, The Examiner, Los Angeles, California. 10-16-t10 farming tools that we may have to learn all over again," added Mason in jest. HELLMAN WANTS DAMAGES In an answer which Attorneys John E and James H. Daly of Long Beach had on file in superior court Friday, I. W. Hellman, owner of approximately a third of an acre which the City of Seal Beach will seek to have condemned for sewerage purposes, asked that if a decree is granted the plaintiff, judgment be entered in the sum of $2534 for that part sought to be condemned and for $10,000 as damages for that portion not sought to be condemned, but contiguous thereto. Hellman alleged that the southerly half of the land he owns adjoining the portion sought to be condemned is especially adapted for subdivision. The carrying out of the city's proposed sewerage project will greatly impair, if not wholly destroy the value of the land for subdivision purposes, the defendant declared. The land which the city of Seal Beach will seek to condemn is located in the northerly section of the city. Affidavits which J. C. Burke, city attorney of Seal Beach, and Attorney Clyde Bishop filed on behalf of Newport Beach in connection with the proceedings show that the land sought to be condemned has been appraised at $250. The filing of Hellman's answer forecasts a court contest. Family Washing SAVE your wife the drudgery of the washtub by sending us your family washing. It costs you very little when compared to the pleasure it will bring to your wife—put the burden on us. Send us your shirts and collars Immaculate linen is the mark of a gentleman. You get the best work here. Patronize a home concern. Anaheim Laundry Company Phone 18 WE KNOW MEATS “Every man to his own business” is a well-known saying—and we believe that this applies to us. Our business is buying meats as well as selling meats—upon the buying depends the success of the business. That’s why we buy only the best meats—and we know the best meats. Any piece of meat that you buy in this shop has been selected by us because we know that it is a good piece of meat, meat that you can eat with satisfaction. Upon this basis we ask your patronage. Anaheim Cash Market 109-11 N. Los Angeles St., Anaheim J. E. STROUP, Proprietor WE KNOW MEATS —“Every man to his own business” is a well-known saying—and we believe that this applies to us. —Our business is buying meats as well as selling meats—upon the buying depends the success of the business. —That’s why we buy only the best meats—and we know the best meats. Any piece of meat that you buy in this shop has been selected by us because we know that it is a good piece of meat, meat that you can eat with satisfaction. —Upon this basis we ask your patronage. Anaheim Cash Market 109-11 N. Los Angeles St., Anaheim J. E. STROUP, Proprietor Building Material If you contemplate building new or repairing an old building, let us figure on your material. We handle everything you need, and our prices are right. Griffith Lumber Company South Los Angeles St. H. M. ADAMS, Mgr. Good Place to Buy— G-O-O-D L-U-M-B-E-R C. GANAHL LUMBER COMPANY Anaheim: : : : Cal ANAHEIM FEEDand FUEL CO. DEALERS IN Wood, Coal, Hay, Grain Seeds and Flour PUBLIC WEIGHING SCALES Phones: Pacific 317, Home 294 R. W. McClellan, W. D. Grafton, Props. CITY CASH MARKET 117 W. Center St. “Quality, Price and Service” Our Motto CITY CASH MARKET 117 W. Center St. "Quality, Price and Service" Our Motto We handle nothing but the choicest of meats. We deliver. Phone your orders early. Pacific 20 ED. W. SCHNEIDER Proprietor SIXTY MILLION WASTE LOOMS IN DISCLOSURE House Subcommittee may Find This Vast Amount in Its Auto Camp Probe. The special war investigating committee of the House, through the subcommittee on foreign expenditures, is conducting a thorough inquiry into the establishment and administration of the motor transport depot at Ferneuil, France, and it is believed that when the hearings are concluded a total waste of public funds aggregating more than $60,000,000 will have been conclusively shown. It was here that rubber tires valued at approximately $35,000,000 were permitted to stand in the open for over a year, and to become worthless, and in addition to this terrific waste it has been shown that costly mess halls and other conveniences not enjoyed during the war were under construction after the armistice and completed only a few weeks before the vast camp was abandoned. The committee has been getting, the story both from officers and enlisted men stationed at the motor transport depot, and to the story of extravagance has been added many accounts of severe discipline and hardships which were undergone by the enlisted men. The commanding officer has been accused by one of his junior officers and a number of enlisted men of the most unreasoning severity. One witness made the statement that the son of a prominent American diplomat stationed in Europe, who was an enlisted man at the station, was constantly permitted to go on leave to Paris on orders issued outside the depot. 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