anaheim-gazette 1918-07-11

COST OF LABOR IN FINISHED PRODUCTS FOUR FIFTHS OF THE VALUE IN MANUFACTURED ARTICLES REPRESENTS WAGES SIX PER CENT ON CAPITOL IS REASONABLE TO THE OWNERS OF FACTORIES The minerals in the earth, the trees in the forests, the seed in the soil, the fish in the sea—in their natural condition what is their value, as compared with their value when prepared by the hands of men for various uses? Ten per cent is a high figure for the real, basic "raw materials" as compared with the value of the finished products—five per cent would be much nearer the actual value of raw materials. It is only when labor is expended upon them that they attain "commercial value." First the mine shafts must be sunk, in order to mine the minerals. Think of the expense for machinery (in which labor is a big expense) to dig these mine shafts; and after the shafts have been sunk it is labor, labor, labor, from the first pick into the mineral until it is a "finished product" through all the various processes of transformation and of transportation, of handling, and buying and selling. The same is true of the timber in the forests; the same is true of the seed in the soil; and the same is true of the fish in the seas. Labor brings them to the uses of man, the greatest expense is the great TOMATO GROWING That California produced 382,282 tons of tomatoes in 1917 will be news to many. This year should put California at the top of the list of tomato producing states, both in acreage planted and total tonnage harvested. The canneries have more than kept pace with the increase and growers will find no difficulty in having their product handled at convenient points in reasonable hauling distance. Owing to the long season for harvesting, the canners have realized that in the immediate future Southern California is destined to be the greatest canning center in the United States and have increased the capacity of the older plants and erected new canneries in all localities until the total cannery capacity is over 100 per cent greater than in 1917. While the acreage planted to tomatoes in Southern California has been increased 100 per cent the tonnage yield is only estimated at 60 per cent greater than in 1917, as inexperienced growers on new land cannot be expected to produce a maximum yield the first season. For each thousand tons of tomatoes produced in Southern California in 1917, we will have 1600 tons this season. Deducting one third from this, which is being grown for table use, we have available for canning 1070 tons for each 675 tons in 1917. Last year 60 per cent of the tomatoes grown in Southern California were marketed for table use. The canneries did not secure 50 per cent of their requirements. Owing to the increased capacity of the canneries, the situation this year is that for each 1000 tons required by the canners, only 530 tons will be available. To state this situation in another way, for each 1000 tons available under normal plantings, the canners re-delegation has been made study of California irrigation for one of the biggest stupefied rebuilding of Mine the bringing under irrigation upon millions of lands that have never scrape of a plow. One thing is certain—Mexico is going about it to be a greater spread prosperity in when her plans have than was ever known. This in itself is the calculated to put a stopion business for all th cultural development of the government is now going to be the power development, with even piles. It will be the with the harnessing off construction of vast ing systems, the kind ed in terms of squadrats and gigantic organiza and capital. And if th as it should and can b will wax rich through of her neglected soil. And no one will reject the big program suc Southern California fa THE SOLDIER'S Great as the danger losses in the aggregate soldier has plenty of ing out of the war t least not bad injury Based on the martial allied armies, a are as follows: Twenty nine chan home to one chance o Forty nine chance from wounds to one from them. One chance in 500 for machinery (in which labor is a big expense) to dig these mine shafts; and after the shafts have been sunk it is labor, labor, labor, from the first pick into the mineral until it is a "finished product" through all the various processes of transformation and of transportation, of handling, and buying and selling. The same is true of the timber in the forests; the same is true of the seed in the soil; and the same is true of the fish in the seas. Labor brings them to the uses of man, and the labor expense is the great bulk of their value. This matter was well discussed, recently in the National Glass Budget, as follows: The following statement anent "labor cost" is an extract from the June Bulletin issued by the Pennsylvania Manufacturers' Association. Philadelphia, Pa., May 8th, 1918. Pennsylvania Manufacturers' Assn. Gentleman—I was very much interested in the article in the May Bulletin under the caption—"War Profits". Your comparison of labor cost with value of products is interesting, but I am in doubt whether it is true. In the census of United States manufacturers for 1914, I find the following: Value of product ... $24,264,237,724 Wages ... 4,079,332,433 Wages, you see, are only one sixth value of products. This does not seem to conform with your comparison and I am wondering which is correct. I am not a critic, just a Seeker After Truth. Although the above letter comes to us anonymously, we are going to avail ourselves of the opportunity to give "Seeker After Truth," not only the truth, but the whole truth. Had he examined his census figures a little further, he would have found the following: Value of manufacturers $24,246,437,724 Cost of material (almost all labor) ... 14,368,088,831 Wages ... 4,079,332,433 Salaries ... 1,287,916,951 So we have: Value of product ... $24,246,434,724 Salaries, wages, material 19,735,338,215 or four fifths labor cost instead of one sixth. But this is not all, there is labor cost in every expense. In construction of building and machinery, in fuel for light, power and heat, in advertising and sales, in distribution and so on, almost without end. And if the manu- Last year 60 per cent of the tomatoes grown in Southern California were marketed for table use. The canneries did not secure 50 per cent of their requirements. Owing to the increased capacity of the canneries, the situation this year is that for each 1000 tons required by the canners, only 530 tons will be available. To state this situation in another way, for each 1000 tons available under normal plantings, the canners require this year 2000 tons. OUR INCREASE OF EXPORTS Official tables showing the exports of domestic breadstuffs, meat and dairy products carry proof of the whole hearted devotion wherewith America has cared for the needs of its allies. In the eleven months ending with May of last year we had shipped 180 million pounds of fresh beef. In the same period this year we had shipped over 311 million pounds. In like manner we shipped nearly 20 million barrels of flour as against less than 11 million and 372 million pounds of ham as against 245 million. During eleven months ending with May this year we shipped 728 million pounds of bacon against 615 million during the same period last year. In like fashion we exported 491 million pounds of condensed milk during the eleven months ending with May as against 220 million for the same period ending with May, 1917. During the eleven months ending with May, 160 million gallons of crude mineral oils were exported, 496 millions of illuminating oil, 245 millions of lubricating oil, 423 millions of gasoline, naphtha, etc., and 1,131 million gallons of residuum fuel oil. The money value of the oil we exported in the eleven months exceeds 270 million dollars, approximately one half the value of all the meat and dairy products that were shipped abroad. IN THE RING AGAIN It is good to see Mexico getting on her feet again and taking a big, broad interest in the occupations of peace. The southern republic's principal crop for the past decade or more has been an unending succession of revolutions, and the world had begun almost to forget that there ever was such a thing as agriculture or industry, FUMIGATION A practical discussion citrus growers, horticulturists and fumigators of C farm advisor, horticler and citrus cooperatoring, will be able chamber, Santa Ana Tuesday, July 16 program. Presiding. A. R. Spruce or Fumigation Proceed county. Mr. E. ticulture inspector Discussion, led by missioner of hange county. Liquid Hydrocyanide Quayle, Citrus tion River slide Discussion. "SPY AND" Here is a person straight from the ed from "The Star paper that is written members of the Army Force in Frank trenches—with thereral Pershing: "Beware of the USE CHICKEN FAT Do you throw away the body fat of poultry, big layers of clean, sweet, yellow fat around the gizzard and elsewhere around the intestines? If you do, according to U.S. department of agriculture specialists, you are throwing away fat which the French housewife considers the finest fats for making cakes, and especially puff paste. In certain seasons in New York and other big cities this fat is so highly esteemed that it sells for comparatively high prices. A business is made of collecting it from butchers and others who dress poultry. Heated in a double boiler or other vessel set in hot water, the fat melts away from the tissues and can be poured off. It becomes rancid easily, should be kept cool and covered like butter, and should be used in a few days. Seasoning in cakes should mask any flavor in the fat. IN THE RING AGAIN It is good to see Mexico getting on her feet again and taking a big, broad interest in the occupations of peace. The southern republic's principal crop for the past decade or more has been an unending succession of revolutions, and the world had begun almost to forget that there ever was such a thing as agriculture or industry in Mexico. Now the big country below the Rio Grande and that imaginary line from El Paso to the Pacific has begun to cool off and take stock of herself. And the best thing about it all is that she is not permitting her consternation over the havoc that has been wrought to interfere with her brave plans for rehabilitation, says the L.A. Times. A delegation composed of some of the leading members of President Carranza's cabinet has been spending a week or more in and around Los Angeles, studying agricultural and industrial conditions in Southern California, acquainting itself with the modern methods in use here and ascertaining how far these methods are adaptable to conditions below the border. The delegation wants to learn anything and everything it can that will be helpful when it undertakes the huge task of putting Mexico back on a self-supporting basis. In Mexico the great problem and the only real problem is that of turning the energies of a people sick of revolutions and their tragic accompaniment of suffering and disaster into useful and effective activities along lines of production. No country on the globe has greater natural resources than Mexico. The Carranza "SPY AND" Here is a person straight from the ed from "The Staircase paper that is written members of the Army Force in France trenches—with their Pershing: "Beware of the ter what his unification his nationality, tales of Germany phesies that 'the draw,' and so forth such thing on his German propaganda liar, and should be issued as such. In second handed, bass, a dupe of a dist, and he should punished just ther Constable H.F. was called out at Central avenue way Saturday evening chine wiah gas ten gallons of oil the driver asked for while the constrictor油 the driver sitting out on high telephoned Anah was stopped, and it was found that stolen from Los owner drove into for the gasoline." delegation has been making a special study of California irrigation methods, for one of the biggest steps in the proposed rebuilding of Mexico will be the bringing under irrigation of millions upon millions of acres of fertile lands that have never known the scrape of a plow. One thing is certain—from the way Mexico is going about it, there is going to be a greater and more widespread prosperity in the republic, when her plans have all been out, than was ever known in the past. This in itself is the one thing best calculated to put a stop to the revolution business for all time. The agricultural development in Mexico, as the government is now working it out, is going to be the power-age kind of development, with everything that implies. It will be the kind that goes with the harnessing of rivers and the construction of vast water distributing systems, the kind that is reckoned in terms of squadrons of tractors and gigantic organizations of men and capital. And if the thing is done as it should and can be done, Mexico will wax rich through the utilization of her neglected soil resources alone. And no one will rejoice more to see the big program succeed than the Southern California farmer. THE SOLDIER'S CHANCES Great as the danger and large as the losses in the aggregate, the individual soldier has plenty of chances of coming out of the war unscathed, or at least not badly injured. Based on the mortality statistics of the allied armies, a soldier's chances are as follows: Twenty nine chances of coming home to one chance of being killed. Forty nine chances of recovering from wounds to one chance of dying from them. One chance in 500 of losing a limb. SEVERAL TRANSFERS OF STOCK GRANTED Water Company Directors Accept the Monthly Rports of Officials Report of the finance committee was read and approved and warrants drawn in payment of the various demands therein recommended. Report of the treasurer and superintendent were each in turn received and filed. Motion duly seconded the following transfers of stock were granted. 11 from Banker's Bond and Mortgage Co., to Title Guarantee & Trust Co.; 2 from M. M. Henderson to L. B. Steward, 3 from Clara Wetzel to Jacob Ruedy, 25 from Fullerton Savings Bank, pledgee to the Federal Land Bank of Berkeley, pledgee. Communication from W. H. Olner, representing the Santa Fe C., relative to flumes across the company's ditch near Gypsum was referred to the engineer. Report of the St. Helens Petroleum Co., for the month of June was received and filed. Communication from Francis Cuttle relative to the condition of the trash remover was received and referred to the superintendent. On motion duly seconded the superintendent was instructed to close the gate on the old dirt ditch east of the cemetery. REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT Regular employees $985.00 Oil well employees 100.00 Water pumpers 182.50 Yorba Linda zanjeros 75.00 Short on May pay roll 46.61 CONSTRUCTION: Reservoir and pipe line (869 sks cmt) $1,547.62 Making pipe at yard (803 sks cmt) 517.50 Laying pipe for Ed Lang T. L. McFadden 5.00 E. E. Beazley 5.00 A. G. Miller 6.50 J. Chas Thamer 6.50 H. H. Hale 5.00 Gibbs Lumber Co 274.52 Santa Fe Ry. 5.00 Pay roll reg. emp. 985.00 Pay rol, labor 3,439.96 Total $12,915.30 Available cash 2,665.53 Deficit $10,249.77 BOQZE PLENTIFUL IN BONE DRY WASHINGTON Former Anahelmer Declares the Woods Are Full of It Mrs. Frank Anderson of the Hotel Valencia, last week received a letter from R. Beers Loos, formerly a newspaper man of this city. It was written at Bellingham, Washington, and among other things he writes of the booze situation in the bone dry state. According to Loos there is plenty of liquor in Washington, but one jag would make a considerable vacuum in the boozer's purse. He says: Had business before the city council here last night. The police report showed that there were 36 drunks arrested during the month of June in this dry town and state. Smuggling is a regular business in the state' of Washington and it takes capital to do it. The smugglers get $10 a quart for very bad whiskey. In Tacoma I saw dozens of staggering men last week—more than I ever saw in wet San Francisco in the same length of time. Anybody can get booze if they pay the price. While I was out in the country near Aberdeen with the bill poster, I got him to stop so I could pick some salmon berries, the first I ever saw, along the roadside. I remained near the road and he went about 20 feet into the thick brush where he stumbled on to 34 gunny sacks filled with quart losses in the aggregate, the individual soldier has plenty of chances of coming out of the war unscathed, or at least not badly injured. Based on the mortality statistics of the allied armies, a soldier's chances are as follows: Twenty nine chances of coming home to one chance of being killed. Forty nine chances of recovering from wounds to one chance of dying from them. One chance in 500 of losing a limb. Will live five years longer because of physical training, is freer from disease in the army than in civil life, and has better medical care at the front than at home. In other wars from 10 to 15 men died from disease to 1 from bullets; in this war 1 man dies from disease to every 10 from bullets. For those of our fighting men who do not escape scathless, the govern-do not escape scathless, the governance law gives protection to the wounded and their dependents and to the families and dependents of those who make the supreme sacrifice for their country. FUMIGATION MEETING A practical discussion of interest to citrus growers, horticultural officers and fumigators of Orange county, the farm advisor, horticultural commissioner and citrus-experiment station cooperating, will be held at the council chamber, Santa Ana at 2 o'clock on Tuesday, July 16. Following is the program. Presiding, A. R. Sprague, Farm Advisor Fumigation Procedure for Orange county. Mr. E. H. Paddock, horticulture inspector. Discussion, led by Earl Morris, commissioner of horticulture for Orange county. Liquid Hydrocyanic Acid. Prof. H. J. Quayle, Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside, Calif. Discussion. "SPY AND PAID LIAR" Here is a personal message to you straight from the front. It is reprinted from "The Stars and Stripes," the paper that is written and printed by members of the American Expeditionary Force in France—the men in the trenches—with the approval of General Pershing: "Beware of the man who, no matter what losses in the aggregate, the individual soldier has plenty of chances of coming out of the war unscathed, or at least not badly injured. Based on the mortality statistics of the allied armies, a soldier's chances are as follows: Twenty nine chances of coming home to one chance of being killed. Forty nine chances of recovering from wounds to one chance of dying from them. One chance in 500 of losing a limb. Will live five years longer because of physical training, is freer from disease in the army than in civil life, and has better medical care at the front than at home. In other wars from 10 to 15 men died from disease to 1 from bullets; in this war 1 man dies from disease to every 10 from bullets. For those of our fighting men who do not escape scathless, the govern-do not escape scathless, the governance law gives protection to the wounded and their dependents and to the families and dependents of those who make the supreme sacrifice for their country. REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT Regular employees $985.00 Oil well employees 100.00 Water pumpers 182.50 Yorba Linda zanjeros 75.00 Short on May pay roll 46.61 $1389.11 CONSTRUCTION: Reservoir and pipe line (869 sks cmt) $1,547.62 Making pipe at yard (803 sks cmt) 517.50 Laying pipe for Ed Lang (2 sks cmt) 23.37 Laying pipe for Ed Beazley (2 sks cmt) 30.75 Laying pipe for H. D. Tuffree (7 sks cmt) 6.00 Work on Strain pipe line 10.00 $2,135.24 REPAIRS To pumping plants $167.35 Gen. repairs (8 sks cmt) 84.63 Advanced to Byron Jackson 5.00 Truck driver 88.04 Filling ditch Garden Grove rd 24.00 Work at head of ditch 127.30 Work on main canal, Sec 2 343.50 Cleaning ditch, Fuller, Plac... 88.16 $676.00 CEMENT ACCOUNT: On hand June 1 1729 Received in June 920 2649 Used on const. 1683 Used on repairs 8 On hand July 1 958 On hand July 1 2649 FINANCE COMMITTEE'S REPORT June 1, Cash in Treas. $10,390.28 Same with Secy. 215.70 Water collections 7,667.33 Expense .25 A. E. W. Co. 9.50 Construction 102.75 F. P. Frahm 1.00 A. Adams 50.00 Oll royalties 4,582.28 Oll well rents 4.00 A. G. Wright 148.99 Transfers 14.00 Interest .5.42 $23,191.50 War: Pd. & Ret. 20,525.97 Bal. July 1 $2,665.97 EXPENDITURES: Schumacher's garage $399.05 Standard Oil Co.. 224.75 Anaheim Truck & T Co.. 47.05 W.R.Jones .9.05 Cal.Mut.Water Co.Assn .26.25 Wm.Wallop.Exp .24.06 Wm.Wallop,salary .175.00 Byron Jackson Co..444.16 Dally.Tribune .2.40 W.J.Renashaw .25.75 Placentia Garage .4.60 Daily Herald .23.40 Ingram & Fife .3.10 Yorba Linda Water Co..3.00 Anaheim garage .13.75 In Tacoma I saw dozens of staggering men last week—more than I ever saw in wet San Francisco in the same length of time. Anybody can get booze if they pay the price. While I was out in the country near Aberdeen with the bill poster, I got him to stop so I could pick some salmon berries, the first I ever saw, along the roadside. I remained near the road and he went about 20 feet into the thick brush where he stumbled on to 34 gunny sacks filled with quart bottles of double stamped goods. He came out excited and told me to get ready for a quick get-away. He placed three sacks of the booze in the back of the bill wagon and covered them up with my overcoat and we started for town. On the way in he said that he knew a place where he could sell the liquor for $10 a bottle, and generously offered to allow me in on the deal. I told him I would have nothing to do with the transaction. He hid the sacks in his boss' bill posting plant. There were 57 bottles.Not satisfied with this haul, he went back to the cache that night at 10 o'clock with a companion for more.But the authorities had got a line on the cache in some way and were in waiting, with the result that the bill poster and his friend got pinched. ADVERTISING CONTEST Editor Gazette:—In preparation for the Fourth Liberty loan, expected n October, an advertising copy contest with cash prizes was announced Monday by Harold Janss, director of publicity for the Southern California Liberty loan state central committee.The winning advertisements will be used by the general publicity committee in the publicity campaign during the drive. Contests are held in each of the seven states of the district and the winning advertisements in each state are to be forwarded to San Francisco where a special jury of award will decide the disposition of the sweepstake prizes. Full instructions for the state campaign which must end July 29 have been sent from district Liberty loan headquarters.First prize in every state will be $35, second prize $25 and third prize,$15, with two honorable mentions. The sweepstake prizes will be $50,$30 and $20 with two honorable mentions and these will be awarded in San Francisco August 5.No copy will be received by agreement. The California fruits, not ed fruit portation foreign trade.The States doubtless legislate in due process.Worldwide.The meadow belt and creek Rive forth in the prairie enterprise we have rectifiedwill allow us to carry it will now be directly available without any restrictions on its use "SPY AND PAID LIAR" Here is a personal message to you straight from the front. It is reprinted from "The Stars and Stripes," the paper that is written and printed by members of the American Expeditionary Force in France—the men in the trenches—with the approval of General Pershing: "Beware of the man who, no matter what his uniform, no matter what his nationality, comes to you with tales of Germany's invincibility, prohesies that 'the war will end in a draw,' and so forth. If he is saying such thing on his own account, he is a German propagandist, a spy, a paid liar, and should be reported and punished as such. If he is repeating it second handed, he is nothing but an ass, a dupe of some real propanganist, and he should be reported and punished just the same." Constable H. F. Ashley, of La Habra was called out of his service station at Central avenue and the state highway Saturday evening to fill a machine wiah gasoline. After putting ten gallons of gas in the tank, the driver asked for a quart of oil and while the constable was getting the oil the driver stepped on her, starting out on high. Constable Ashley telephoned Anaheim where the driver was stopped, and upon investigation it was found that the car had been stolen from Los Angeles. Sunday the owner drove into the station and paid for the gasoline. "Wheat is needed in the front line trench over there. Let potatoes serve as the home guard over her." Travel Light But Travel Right BAGS AND SUIT CASES take up little room. By using them you aid the government in the transportation of food and supplies for the soldiers. By using our bags and suit cases, you add to your comfort and enjoyment. Fibre Suit Cases ...$1.50 Reinforced corners, brass locks, well lined. Others at $2.50 and $3.00. Black Enameled Cases ...$14.00 Covered with black enameled duck, bound with cowhide, tray, strap, all—around linen lined. Cowhide Cases ...$10.00 With reinforced corners, brass locks, strong handle, straps all around, linen lined. Others at $5, $8, $9 and $12. Walrus Bags ...$9.00 With sewn in frames, and sewn on corners, leather lined; three pockets; size 16. Cowhide Bags ...$8.00 Covered frames, brass locks, protected corners. Other Bags at $2.00 and $2.25. Well made and strong. Trunks in both Steamer and large sizes. Prices ...$6.50 to $24.50 JACKSON'S MEN'S WEAR SHOP YOUR MONEY'S WORTH ALWAYS ANAHEIM Bakersfield, where they will take the place of men. The girls were recruited from the high school and have had considerable experience in farming. It is reported that the U.S. Shipping Board finds that the rate of $3.50 per ton upon wheat from Pacific coast ports to the Atlantic has proved to work out at a loss, and that the board will find it necessary to advance the rate. By agreement between Food Administrator Merritt, and representatives of the canning industry and employees of canneries, the minimum wage scale for male adult employees for 1918 will be 35 cents an hour for a 10 hour day, and 42 cents an hour for overtime and on holidays and Sundays. competitive tariff should replace the prohibitive tariff." We rejoice in the truth of Mr. Culberson's statement. What we need is a tariff which will not prohibit our own producers from competition on an equality of vantage with foreign producers. The school of economists which came into power in 1913 were so upright against prohibition against foreign producers that they leaned backward into prohibition against our own! We agree with Mr. Culberson that such a prohibitive tariff as that should be done away with. We cannot afford to get up another war to demonstrate a proper American attitude and we should learn all we can from this one! The country near the poster, I got up pick some salver saw, along in line near the out 20 feet into the stumbled on with quart used goods. He told me to get away. He placed the booze in the can and covered the coat and we met the way in the place where he for $10 a bottle, and to allow me and him I would with the transaccks in his boss" there were 57 bottles this haul, he that night at enplanation for more. And got a line on day and were in fault that the bill got pinched. CONTEST Preparation for loan, expected no copy contest announced Monday director of public California Librral committee. Measurements will be publicity campaign during in each of the district and the grants in each state into San Francisco of award will de- of the sweepstake for the state cam- and July 29 have District Liberty loan prize in every second prize $25 and with two honorable prizes. will be $50 two honorable membe awarded in San No copy will be district jury unless By agreement between Food Administrator Merritt, and representatives of the canning industry and employees of canneries, the minimum wage scale for male adult employees for 1918 will be 35 cents an hour for a 10 hour day, and 42 cents an hour for overtime and on holidays and Sundays. Articles of incorporation of the Western Bee Farms corporation capitalized at $100,000, were filed in San Francisco last week. The corporation expects to establish a string of bee farms from Santa Cruz to San Diego. More than 15,000 stands of bees will be maintained, and the estimated yearly production of honey will be 1.500,000 pounds. The flowing scale of wages is set for this season in Merced county, as reported in Merced County Farm Bulletin: Per day—Hayling $3; Corn and Bean harvest, $3; Irrigation, $3; General farm work, $2.50; Header bed driver, $4; Loader, $5; Header driver $6; Derrick man, $4; Derrick boy, $3; Sack sewer, $5; Hoedown man $4; Forkman, $5; Sack jlg, $4; tractor engineer, $6; Separator man, $5-$7; Engine swamper, $3.50; milker per month $70. TARIFF REVISION PROBABLE The hearing on the problems of California production of semi-tropical fruits, raisins, prunes and other curved fruits and eggs, as related to importation of competing supplies from foreign production, made a contribution to the wisdom of the United States tariff commission which will doubtless have an influence toward legislative enlightenment of congress in due time, says the Pacific Rural World. Leading producers attended the meetings in Los Angeles, Fresno and San Francisco, which were duly held according to schedule in the Pacific Rural Press of June 8, and set forth in detail the facts which limit the profitability and safety of their enterprises. Their statements, sa far as we have seen outlines of them, correctly cover the considerations which will affect the post war development of the unique and characteristic industries of California; and we hope they will have much weight in determining the attitude and policy of the governors. The school of economists which came into power in 1913 were so upright against prohibition against foreign producers that they leaned backward into prohibition against our own! We agree with Mr. Culberson that such a prohibitive tariff as that should be done away with. We cannot afford to get up another war to demonstrate a proper American attitude and we should learn all we can from this one! CUTTLE GETS PATENT Francis Cuttle of Riverside, chairman of the Tri-Counties Reforestation committee has been awarded a patent for a screen which is used to catch and remove trash of any kind from the water in canals. The screen is operated by a wheel from the water power in the stream or canal in which it is plaed. The invention might be called a "reciprocating rake" working on a rack. The rack catches all the trash floating on the wafer. This trash is carried by the rake to the top of the rack, where it is dumped on a carrier and carried to the side of the canal and deposited. As the rake derives its power from the current of the canal, little attention is needed and there is no expense for power. The machine is designed to remove all fine trash from the water and so prevent the holes in the irrigating pipe from clogging. This prevention of clogging relieves the irrigator from the necessity of keeping the holes free. One of the screens was placed at the Terquesquite flume in May, 1917, and worked until November of the same year, giving very satisfactory results. At present a large screen is in use at the head of the main canal of the Riverside water company. Fred Stebler of the California Iron works, has taken a half interest in the invention. With recent loans of nearly $16,000,000 to Greece and $11,000,000 to Belgium, the aggregate loans made by the United States to our allies now amount to practically $6,000,000,000. John Schaffer left Friday to join the navy. He enlisted a couple of week ago. and San Francisco, which were duly held according to schedule in the Pacific Rural Press of June 8, and set forth in detail the facts which limit the profitability and safety of their enterpriss. Their statements, so far as we have seen outlines of them, correctly cover the considerations which will affect the post war development of the unique and characteristic industries of California; and we hope they will have much weight in determining the attitude and policy of the government toward American products which have practically no competition from within our own national boundaries. Such facts will command more respect when set forth in the reports of the tariff commission than they do in our local publications, which are naturally held to be ex parte, but such setting forth makes them neither more true nor essential. What will the outcome be? No one can tell until the war is closed and another national election is held, perhaps. But conditions are now more favorable for rational protection to promote home production than formerly. The nation will need more money to pay its obligations and it will have a keener realization that that money will come faster from prosperous ohme production than from paying bills abroad for imports. The reporters say that W. S. Culberson of the United States tariff commission, who held the hearings in this state, indulged in prophecy to this extent: "Commissioner Culberson said a revision of American tariff laws would take place as the war draws to a close and that the revision probably would be upward, especially as to manufactured articles. He said he believed a