anaheim-gazette 1916-02-03

A NEW WAY OF COOKING CANNED PEAS Food Specialists Devise Special Forms Of Seasoning and Combinations With Other Vegetables In some cases trained cooks make especially fine dishes by combining vegetables and in others secure variety by some special form of seasoning. It is often possible (without undue labor) for the housewife to apply these methods to some of her everyday problems with good results. Now that the girls' canning clubs in the different states are teaching their members to put up vegetables for winter use, there is a new demand for information regarding the best ways of using such products. This the experts in the office of home economics of the department of agriculture are trying to supply, and offer, among others, the following suggestions: Everyone knows that the flavor of canned peas is seldom just like that of the fresh ones, and so the housekeeper, if she is wise, takes unusual pains in seasoning and preparing them for the table. Many persons consider that a slight onion flavor improves cooked vegetables, and indeed this flavoring is quite commonly used in soups made from split peas or dried beans. It is equally good with canned peas, and may be easily introduced in the following manner: For a quart can of peas use a tablespoonful of chopped onion, which has been cooked in a little butter and water until tender. Add as much salt and pepper as desired. Heating the peas in the saucepan the onion was cooked in lessens the labor of dish washing that much—a simple application of the principle that TEST SEED CORN SAYS DEPARTMENT Especially Necessary This Year to Determine Viability of Seed in Advance of Planting Season Testing seed corn for germination—always a profitable farm practice—is an absolute necessity this year in many sections. In a number of districts the last corn crop from which seed for the coming planting will be taken was late in maturing or so moist when harvested as to call for special precautions. While complete testing for germination should take place shortly before the seed is planted, the specialists of the department of agriculture believe that it will be simple forehandedness for farmers who have any reason to be doubtful about the viability of their seed to make a preliminary germinating test with a few typical ears taken at random from the rack. If these preliminary tests show that the seed is good, the owner then can continue his precautions to guard it from weather damage. If, however, this test with a few ears indicate that the seed is of low vitality, the farmer should at once make further tests to satisfy himself as to whether his seed corn generally is good or bad. If a farmer finds his seed is bad he should take steps at once to meet the difficulty. The purchase of seed should not be delayed till spring, especially when so much corn in various sections has been damaged. The farmer should secure his seed from well-known sources, buy it upon a germination guaranty basis, and get his seed or typical samples early enough to make his own germinating tests. It is probable this year that many farmers who have not followed the wise POWDERY SCAB IN CAUSES GREAT Pathologists Report Tato Disease—Limited Climatic Conditions Several letters have by the department of state officials, raised the attitude to be powdery scab of potato recent investigations ment of agriculture vying for the lifting of the scab powdery scab quarrel. This memorandum has to summarize the availance and to give the viewologists of the bureau try on this question. It will be recalled powdery scab was first imported potatoes reknown as to its nature it behavior under Am Quarantine No. 11 and precautionary measures safeguard our industry investigations. It was at first fear scab would prove common scab on acer stage reported from that since as a rule sites have been more than at home, it might virulent form in Western states. After there was no record in the United States cited area in Malne. During the past two lowing information which bears on the problem. Powdery scab has Andean region of Pea to be endemic in th from split peas or dried beans. It is equally good with canned peas, and may be easily introduced in the following manner: For a quart can of peas use a tablespoonful of chopped onion, which has been cooked in a little butter and water until tender. Add as much salt and pepper as desired. Heating the peas in the saucepan the onion was cooked in lessens the labor of dish washing that much—a simple application of the principle that a housekeeper should always try to plan her cookery in such a way that she saves dishes and so spares herself needless labor. If there are on hand any of the coarser, outer leaves, such as are usually discarded from a head of lettuce, they can be shredded and cooked with the onion and added to the peas. This use of lettuce and onion was suggested by a French method, in which the young and tender peas are placed on freshly washed lettuce leaves and cooked in a tightly covered saucepan without adding any water, a small spring onion being usually added to flavor the dish. Lettuce leaves must be very thoroughly washed before using the plants, especially the outer leaves which are easily spattered with sand and dirt. A tablespoonful of chopped or shredded cooked ham may also be added with onion to flavor canned peas, and this is particularly desirable when lettuce is not available. Chopped celery leaves, which might otherwise be waster, if cooked with peas in place of the lettuce leaves, will also serve to give a distinctive flavor. In some parts of the world green peas are considered best when cooked with a spring of spearmint. Though most families in the United States might agree that tender green peas, fresh from the garden, need no flavoring except salt, pepper and perhaps a little butter, they may occasionally enjoy a little flavor of mint with the winter canned peas. When fresh mint is not available, the dried will answer almost as well. It can be obtained in shops, and anyone who has access to a mint patch can prepare it at home by spreading the leaves on a plate and drying them in a warm, but hot oven. In seasoning peas, use only a very small quantity of mint, one or two leaves or a small spring. Combinations of vegetables are palatable, and sometimes using two or three together is an economy, since there may not be on hand enough of should take steps at once to meet the difficulty. The purchase of seed should not be delayed till spring, especially when so much corn in various sections has been damaged. The farmer should secure his seed from well-known sources, buy it upon a germination guaranty basis, and get his seed or typical samples early enough to make his own germinating tests. It is probable this year that many farmers who have not followed the wise practice of selecting enough special seed from good crops to last them in an emergency for two or three years will have to buy seed. In buying seed, farmers should try to secure corn of varieties known to prosper in their section. The safest seed would be that carefully selected from good corn grown in the immediate neighborhood, but at any rate effort should be made to obtain seed grown in districts where climate, soil, and farming conditions in general are similar to those at home. If the farmer happens to have a stock of seed left over from the 1914 crop and doubts the seed saved from his 1915 crop, he would do well to test the older seed also and then use whichever shows the greater vitality. Seed corn if properly cared for will retain its vitality for several years. Many farmers knowing this always select an extra amount of seed from an unusually good harvest. The following method of testing seed corn is taken from Farmers' Bulletin 704. The corn is placed on drying racks made by driving wire finishing nails about 4 inches apart on four sides of a stick. A number is placed over the nail and the butts of the ears are put on the nails. If wire fencing or other seed racks are used, the ears can be numbered in other ways. In single ear testing, two kernels from opposite sides of the ear on the top, two from the middle, and two from the butt are put in numbered squares or portions of germinating boxes or other testers. The kernels are kept moist at a room temperature not above 90 deg. F. nor below 50 deg. F. After six or seven days the seed should begin to sprout. Only those ears from which all the kernels give strong sprouts should be reserved for planting. Under ordinary circumstances, it may not be absolutely necessary to test every individual ear. If a large number of typical ears show germinating tests as high as 92% the seed Powdery scab on Canada, in northern and Franklin counties eastern Minnesota and St. Louis county Pacific coast of Washington and painstaking and refailed to show any New York city, en area in northern is known that may have been planted section. Powdery scab less definitely correlated soil types and limited degree by soil and is not available, the dried will answer almost as well. It can be obtained in shops, and anyone who has access to a mint patch can prepare it at home by spreading the leaves on a plate and drying them in a warm, but hot oven. In seasoning peas, use only a very small quantity of mint, one or two leaves or a small spring. Combinations of vegetables are palatable, and sometimes using two or three together is an economy, since there may not be on hand enough of either to serve the family. Carrots and pease, either fresh or canned, make a good and well-known combination, and here color, as well as flavor, plays a part. Carrots cooked and out into pieces not much larger than the peas, may be combined with them in any convenient amount. Besides those stored for winter use, canned carrots may be used, and they may be canned successfully at home, as shown by the work of the girls' canning clubs. Another combination which many relish is turnips with peas. The finely cut turnips may be mixed with the canned peas in the same way as carrots, or the peas, well seasoned with butter, salt and pepper, may be served in cups made of hollowed-out halves of small turnips, cooked in salted water until tender. The two vegetables can then be combined at will, since cup and contents are eaten tobether. A compromise between stockholders and other creditors and directors of the defunct Orange county mutual building and loan association, wrecked by its secretary, N. A. Ulm, who committed suicide on November 19, 1913, is in a fair way to be reached. Attentive plan of settlement has been proposed under which stockholders in the association will divide about $6500, or 15 per cent of their claims. Expert piano tuning, F. W. Schmidt. Under ordinary circumstances, it may not be absolutely necessary to test every individual ear. If a large number of typical ears show germinating tests as high as 97%, the seed in general may be considered good. Under the unusual conditions prevailing this year, especially in neighborhoods where the corn did not mature normally, it should well repay a corn grower to test every year that he intends to use for seed. If he has any reason to doubt the quality of his individual stock, the ear by ear testing is simply a form of labor and crop insurance. Before testing germination, the farmer should examine each ear and throw out all the ears which do not look right or which have several withered or damaged kernels. He should strive to make up his seed from ears which in size and appearance seem to be normal for his variety of corn. Seed corn should be shelled if possible by hand to avoid the risk of damage by mechanical shelling. Before shelling the owner should pick out peculiar-looking kernels and separate the seed into sizes so as to make certain that the corn drill will plant regularly. The champion potato club boy of Montana is reported to have produced 65 bushels of potatoes on his one-tenth acre plat, at a cost of $15.63. His net profit was $47.27. According to a report from the state agent, a boys' corn club in Minnesota last year sold between 200 and 300 bushels of seed corn at $4 a bushel. Powdery scab and less definitely corrosive soil types and limestone by soil and It is a disease used in poorly drained most northern areas. Its possibilities use may approximate lous injury published in Ireland, but for well drained potato that the danger is tal plantings of in been made in new states, but no pot found on the crop matio factors play in determining the dery scab is shown in which soil o these states and orable climatic co-ased potatoes in no matter what tion of the soil, p occur unless cli suitable. From the control probable that they adjust itself to district where th ed. Varietal ree degree is shown cent tests indicate with hot corrosion an effective mean that attention to have much effect. For the states border and the P POWDERY SCAB IN POTATOES CAUSES GREAT DAMAGE Pathologists Report on Study of Potato Disease—Limited by Soil and Climatic Conditions Several letters have been received by the department of agriculture from state officials, raising the question of the attitude to be adopted toward powdery scab of potato, in view of the recent investigations of the department of agriculture which have led to the lifting of the second foreign or powdery scab quarantine (No. 11). This memorandum has been prepared to summarize the available information and to give the viewpoint of the pathologists of the bureau of plant industry on this question. It will be recalled that when the powdery scab was first discovered in imported potatoes relatively little was known as to its nature and nothing of it behavior under American conditions. Quarantine No. 11 was a temporary and precautionary measure taken to safeguard our industry while the necessary investigations were being made. It was at first feared that powdery scab would prove more serious than common scab on account of its canker stage reported from abroad and also that since as a rule introduced parasites have been more detructive here than at home, it might assume a very virulent form in our Southern and Western states. At that time also there was no record of its occurrence in the United States, except in a limited area in Maine. Durfing the past two years the following information has been secured which bears on the economic side of the problem. Powdery scab has been traced to the Andean region of Peru, and is believed to be endemic in the native home of Prince Albert fits your taste Meets the fondest wishes of likes to smoke because it has the and aroma and coolness. It's ful tobacco you ever did pack i Listen: It's easy to change the shape and color of unavailable brands to imitate the Prince Albert tidy red tin, but it is impossible to imitate the flavor of Prince Albert tobacco! The patented process protects that! PRINGE ALBERT the national joy sm For it exceeds in goodness and satisfactory word we ever printed about it! Men, we tell you this tobacco will be a re So, take this information at 100%, get our pipe from its hiding place or locate the—and fall-to! For it exceeds in goodness and satisfactory word we ever printed about it! Men, we tell you this tobacco will be a reed So, take this information at 100%, get our pipe from its hiding place or locate the and fall-to! Your wishes will be gratified at the nearest store for Prince Albert is in universal demand. It can be the states and all over the world! Toppy red bacon tins, 10c; handsome pound and half-pound tin hummus fine pound crystal-glass humidor with sponge-mate keeps the tobacco in such excellent trim. R. J.' REYNOLDS TOBACCO CO., Windsor problem is unsettled. Further surveys should be conducted and well-controlled experiments made by the state experiment stations with powder scab on the principal soil types to determine its reaction to the local environment. WATERMELON DISEASE CONTROLLED BY SPRAYING Anthracnose Kills the Foliage and Causes Fruit to Decay Watermelon growers in various sections of the country frequently suffer loss from a disease which blights the foliage and spots the fruit. The leaves are covered with irregular, dark dead spots and may die before the melons are ripe. The trouble develops on the fruit in the form of water soaked and later sunken spots of varying size, which come to have a pink center made up of masses of the fungus spores. As the disease progresses the melons decay. This is anthracnose and is caused by a parasite fungus related to those which produce the apple bitter rot and podspot on beans. The fungus causing watermelon anthracnose attacks cucumbers, cantaloupes and squashes, but probably not as a rule any other cultivated crops. Warm and moist rainy weather is especially favorable to the spread and development of anthracnose, and for this reason it was more prevalent than usual last season. The losses were particularly severe in some districts where melons are grown on a large scale for carload Prepare the lime by slacking it slowly and thoroughly in a clean barrel, strain, and add enough additional water to make exactly 25 gallons of lime milk. Stir thoroughly. Pour the two ingredients together into another barrel, or better, directly into the spray tank, if it will hold 50 gallons. It is highly important to stir the mixture very thoroughly and to strain both ingredients before they are combined, as otherwise clogging of the spray nozzels might result. Use a copper or bronze wire strainer of 18 meshes to the inch. Do not put copper sulphate or Bordeaux mixture into tin or iron vessels; use wood or copper containers. Mix the Bordeaux as needed and apply at once. It is never so good after it has settled. Everyone who uses Bordeaux mixture frequently and in quantity will find it convenient to keep concentrated stock solutions on hand, as these keep indefinitely if the water which evapates is unsettled. Powdery scab occurs in eastern Canada, in northern Maine, in Clinton and Franklin counties, N. Y., in north-eastern Minnesota, in Carlton, Lake, and St. Louis counties; and on the Pacific coast of British Columbia, Washington and Oregon. The most painstaking and repeated surveys have failed to show any infection south of New York city, except in one limited area in northern Florida, although it is known that many infected potatoes have been planted in the Atlantic coast section. Powdery scab apepars to be more or less definitely correlated with certain soil types and limited to a remarkable degree by soil and climatic conditions. California We Finest Brands of Liquors Always We Can Suit You Pacific coast or British Columbia, Washington and Oregon. The most painstaking and repeated surveys have failed to show any infection south of New York city, except in one limited area in northern Florida, although it is known that many infected potatoes have been planted in the Atlantic coast section. Powdery scab apepars to be more or less definitely correlated with certain soil types and limited to a remarkable degree by soil and climatic conditions. It is a disease usually occurring only in poorly drained or bog soils in the most northern and humid districts. Its possibilities under such conditions may approximate the reports of serious injury published by investigators in Ireland, but for warm, light, and well drained potato soils it is believed that the danger is small. Experimental plantings of infected potatoes have been made in nearly all the Eastern states, but no powdery scab could be found on the crop harvested. That climatic factors play a prominent part in determining the prevalence of powdery scab is shown by an experiment in which soil obtained from 10 of these states and transported to a favorable climatic condition produced diseased potatoes in 8 cases, proving that no matter what the source or condition of the soil, powdery scab will not occur unless climatic conditions are suitable. From the control standpoint it seems probable that the potato industry will adjust itself to powdery scab in the district where the disease is established. Varietal resistance of a marked degree is shown by some strains. Recent tests indicate also that treatment with hot corrosive sublimate will be an effective means of disinfection and that attention to the soil reaction will have much effect. For the states along the northern border and the Pacific coast states the spot on beans. The fungus causing watermelon anthracnose attacks cucumbers, cantaloupes and squashes, but probably not as a rule any other cultivated crops. Warm and moist rainy weather is especially favorable to the spread and development of anthracnose, and for this reason it was more prevalent than usual last season. The losses were particularly severe in some districts where melons are grown on a large scale for carload shipments. The department of agriculture has found that the disease can be controlled by spraying with Bordeaux mixture, and trials of this treatment are recommended. The methods to be employed are substantially those in use for potatoes, cucumbers, and other truck crops. The following points should be observed to insure success: Use fresh home made Bordeaux mixture. In preparing it follow directions exactly, as much depends on the way the ingredients are combined. Use a good spray pump, operated at a pressure of 100 pounds or more. Spray thoroughly. The time of application depends on the weather and the development of the crop. The disease usually appears when the fruit is nearly grown. Watch carefully for the leaf spot and spray as soon as any appears. In any case, make an application two weeks before maturity and a second a week later. Ingredients: Copper sulphate, 4 pounds; quicklime, 4 pounds; water to make 50 gallons. Prepare the copper sulphate by suspending it in a gunny sack just below the surface of several gallons of water in a clean barrel. When the sulphate is dissolved, which requires three or four hours, remove the sack and stir into the barrel enough additional water to make exactly 25 gallons of the copper solution. 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If you do not know how deliciously good San Diego Beer is, place your next order for this brand for your home or sample it at your cafe. At all Live Dealers ALBERT the national joy smoke goodness and satisfaction the kindest and about it! tobacco will be a revelation to you. at 100%, get out the old jimmy place or locate the makin's papers attired at the nearest store that sells tobacco, universal demand. It can be bought all over the world! Toppy red bags, 5c; tidy red ground and half-pound tin humidors—and—that humidor with sponge-moistener top that excellent trim. BACCO CO., Winston-Salem, N. C. slacking it slowa clean barrel, an additional wag gallons of lime. edients together better, directly if it will hold 50 important to thoroughly and events before they erwise clogging night result. Use are strainer of 18 Do not put copaux mixture into use wood or copthe Bordeaux as once. It is nevas settled. Bordeaux mixin quantity will keep concentrated and, as these keep water which evap- orates is replaced. Build an elevated platform to hold the barrels. Suspend 50 pounds of copper sulphate to dissolve in a 50gallon barrel of water. Slack 50 pounds of lime in another barrel. Add water to make 50 gallons of lime milk. When Bordeaux mixture is needed stir both stock barrels and take from each as many gallons as the formula calls for in pounds. Dilute the copper sulphate in one barrel and the lime milk in another, each with half the water, and let the two run together into the strainer of the spray tank. To those who expect to spray on a large scale a more detailed instruction about fungicides and their application than can be given here is available in Farmers' Bulletin No. 243, issued by the department of agriculture. Dr. M. M. Henderson, Dentist, Suite 1, Mullinix bldg., Anaheim. 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