anaheim-gazette 1915-02-25

TIMELY TOPICS SUMMARIZED BY EXPERTS FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF SUCCESSFUL AGRICULTURE GIVEN BY UNIVERSITY EXPERTS PLANT PATHOLOGY — POULTRY HUSBANDRY—SOIL TECHNOLOGY AND VINEFERA GRAPES IN CALIFORNIA Below will be found several summaries prepared by experts at the University of California which are a great help to the farmers and agriculturists of the state. They should be read carefully and preserved for future reference. They are of value to the tillers of the soil. (Note: "What are the fundamental principles of successful agriculture?" This is the fourth of a series of articles answering that question. In these brief summaries different experts of the College of Agriculture of the University of California have set forth the basic principles of their various specialties.) PLANT PATHOLOGY (By Ralph E. Smith, Professor of Plant Pathology.) All plants are subject, in a varying degree, to what is called disease. Disease is brought about by unfavorable climatic conditions by gross injuries, by parasites, and by some unknown influences. The effects of such influences may be obscured, increased, or complicated by responses on the part of the plant itself of the nature of abnormalities in structure. The species and variety of the plant affect its susceptibility to various diseases. The condition of the plant has a similar, though less pronounced effect. It is more economical to prevent disease than to cure it. Wherever animals are gathered in large numbers extra precautions must be taken to prevent disease. Most gorms are harmless, many bacteria are helpful. Living bacteria, or germs, are present nearly everywhere, one exception being the tissues of healthy animals and plants. Working young horses before their bones are matured is a frequent cause of later undoundness. Constant vigilance is necessary to keep a herd of dairy cows free from tuberculosis. Health in man often depends on the health of beasts. Infants may contract tuberculosis from the milk of infected cows. The responsibility of the owner of diseased stock does not end at the border of the ranch. The consumer who buys milk on the basis of cheapness may expect to get a dirty product. Demand clean milk from healthy cows. VINEFERA GRAPES IN CALIFORNIA (By Frederick T Bioletti Professor of Viticulture and Enology.) The growing and dormant seasons are distinct. Rain falls principally in the dormant season and dry air should prevail during summer for success in growing grapes. Should be from 2050 to 2750 degrees, according to variety. Severe summer storms limit production. A rainfall of 16 to 25 inches or the equivalent in irrigation are necessary for full crops. Plowing in the dormant season should be deep. Deep tillage improves the said and conserves moisture. Cultivation in the growing season should be no deeper than is necessary to conserve moisture. Most of the irrigation should be supplied near the end of the dormant season. Fertilizers which supply soil deficiencies will increase crops. Maintenance of the humus by cover crops or other means is a necessary complement of clean summer cultivation. Disease is brought about by unfavorable climatic conditions by gross injuries, by parasites, and by some unknown influences. The effects of such influences may be obscured, increased, or complicated by responses on the part of the plant itself of the nature of abnormalities in structure. The species and variety of the plant affect its susceptibility to various diseases. The condition of the plant has a similar, though less pronounced effect. Climatic, seasonal, or local conditions have a decided influence upon the prevalence of many plant diseases. Disease may be prevented by destroying or avoiding its specific cause. Also in a measure, by increasing the persistence of the plant by cultural means. Also, by choosing or creating varieties of plants which possess resistance to specific diseases. POULTRY HUSBANDRY (By John E. Dougherty, Assistant Professor of Poultry Husmandry.) Essentials of a good poultry house: Abundant ventilation, strong illumination, freedom from drafts, dryness, roominess and comfort for fowls, convenience in operating and cleaning; as low cost as is consistent with the securing of best results. The type of size of house affects the cost per hen of construction. As size of flocks increase, the risk from disease increases, the quality of hatching eggs is lowered, and the egg yield per hen generally decreases, but the cost of construction, equipment, and labor decreases. The proper size of flocks or pens of fowls for the purpose is the one that brings the greatest net returns. Breeding stock does best in small units. Double yarding permits of frequent tillage and cropping so that yards are kept in a clean, uncontaminated condition and makes it possible to keep fresh young forage growing in yards nearly the year around in California. The greatest benefits from green feeds are secured where fowls can freely pick their own greens fresh and crisp when wanted. Selective breeding of vigorous, good producing stock is necessary to improve the constitutional vigor and laying qualities of a fowl. To secure heavy laying off-spring we must breed from matured females that are naturally high producers and from males out of such females. The male is half the flock. His breeding qualities should receive as careful attention as those of the female. Fowls that molt late and quickly are as a rule the best layers. Good winter production is indicative of strong laying ability. The trap neat is a necessary adjunct to breeding for increased egg production. SOIL TECHNOLOGY Flowering in the dormant season should be deep. Deep tillage improves the said and conserves moisture. Cultivation in the growing season should be no deeper than is necessary to conserve moisture. Most of the irrigation should be supplied near the end of the dormant season. Fertilizers which supply soil deficiencies will increase crops. Maintenance of the humus by cover crops or other means is a necessary complement of clean summer cultivation. Careful choice of cuttings is necessary to utilize the qualities of the variety. Proper care of young vines is necessary for early bearing, longevity, maximum crops, and east of cultivation. The proper use of stakes is necessary for the production of good form, the improper use is a needless expense. The character and time of pruning determine how much is realized of the possibilities due to other factors. Odium may spoil the crop in any region but can be controlled by proper sulphuring. Resistant vines are necessary in cooler regions infested by phylloxera, but in the warmer regions they may be dispensed with, except in the immediate neighborhood of an infested vineyard. Control of diseases is much facilitated by proper form and general vigor of the vine. RADIUM, URANIUM, AND VANADIUM Production in 1914 was Largest In History According to U.S. Geological Survey The year 1914 was an eventful one in the industry of mining radium, uranium, and vanadium ores and had by far the largest year's production yet made. Figures collected by Frank L. Hess, of the United States Geological Survey, indicates that the output amounted to about 4,300 short tons of dry ore carrying 87 tons of uranium oxide and 22.4 grams of metallic radium. The ore was valued at about $445,000. The ore produced in 1913 contained 41 tons of uranium oxide and 10.5 grams of radium, and that produced in 1912 contained 26 tons of uranium oxide and 6.7 grams of radium. About nineteenth of the contained radium is thought to be recoverable under improved processes. Although carnotite, a mineral of these rare metals, contains three times as much uranium oxide as vanadium oxide, the Colorado and Utah ores of these metals generally contain other vanadium minerals in such quantity that vanadium oxide is present in excess of the uranium oxide. However, little is paid for the vanadium, as its separation from uranium is troublesome, and only a few thousand dollars was received in 1914 by brokers or producers for the vanadium in the ores... we must breed from matured females that are naturally high producers and from males out of such females. The male is half the flock. His breeding qualities should receive as careful attention as those of the female. Fowls that molt late and quickly are as a rule the best layers. Good winter production is indicative of strong laying ability. The trap nest is a necessary adjunct to breeding for increased egg production. SOIL TECHNOLOGY (By Charles F. Shaw, Professor of Soil Technology.) Texture (the size of the individual soil grains) cannot be readily changed. Structure (the arrangement of the soil grains) can be modified by tillage, drainage, and organic matter. Texture, structure, and humus determine the adsorption and retention of water. Deep plowing increases absorption of plant food. Shallow cultivation conserves moisture. Soils must have good drainage and aeration. Drainage will lengthen the growing season and increase the available moisture. Alkali, which is the result of poor drainage, may be removed by flooding and drainage. Excessive irrigation injures soil and crops. Crop adaptations depend on climate and on soil conditions. Soil surveys are foundations for crop investigations. VETERINARY SCIENCE (By Clarence M. Haring, Professor of Veterinary Science.) A proper balance of work and food maintains animal health. Sanitation is essential to the prevention of disease. All infectious diseases are due to living organisms. Contagious diseases may be prevented by destroying or preventing the dissemination of the specific organisms. Immunization is desirable when other means of prevention are impracticable. Prevention always pays; curative treatment may pay. ANAHEIM GAZETTE to prevent weathered inations must be less, many are presa exception by animals before their frequent cause necessary to free from bands on the tuberculosis shows. The owner of at the bories is milk on the aspect to get healthy CALIFORN professor of recent seasons the dormant prevail during 50 degrees, permit produceaches or the necessary season said and should be suppornant seas necessary by covia necessary water cultiva mens of carnotite it had been popularly supposed that carnotite was less rich than pitchblende in radium. In Utah the Standard Chemical Co. made the first commercial production of cornotite ores from the carnotite ores from the Henry Mountains during the year, and the commercial production of uvantele, a radium bearing mineral new to science, accompanied by other uranium minerals, one or more of which are yet to be described, was begun at Temple Rock, 45 miles southwest of Green River. Shipments were made from newly opened carnotite deposits at Court House, northwest of Moab, Utah, and from deposits 16 or 18 miles southeast of Monb. A first shipment was also made from Blue Mountain, Rutt county, Colo. The Paradox Valley region was, however, as usual the chief producing area, and from it came the bulk of the ores. The Standard Chemical Co. was the largest single producer and shipped more than half of the country's output. Two companies, the Standard Chemical Co. and the Radium Co. of America, produced radium salts during the year, and Dr. W. A. Schlosinger started a radium-refining laboratory. The opening of the European war stopped nearly all operations in both mines and reduction plants, for the two companies mentioned sold their product largely in Europe, and practically all the ore bought by brokers was sold abroad. A little more than 1,200 tons of ore, containing 28.1 tons of uranium oxide and 7.2 grams of radium, was consigned to Europe, but as the foreign refineries closed, a part of it was held in transit. No vanadinite or similar ores are known to have been sold for vanadium during the year, but a number of mines in New Mexico and Arizona shipped and sold such ores for their lead and silver contents. THE FIRST VOCATIONAL NORMAL SCHOOL STARTED Pupils to be Given Training in Occupations Which They Plan to Follow In Life The first vocational normal school in California will be established in Oakland, if a bill at present before the legislature becomes a law. vada, Arizona, and California. It is called the Great Basin because the rivers which rise in it do not flow to the sea but for the most part empty into lakes, from which the water is evaporated. Among these lakes the largest is Great Salt Lake, which receives the discharge of a number of rivers, including among others Bear, the Weber, and the Jordan. Others are Owens Lake, which receives the flow from the Walker river basin; Walker lake, into which is discharged the water from the Walker river basin; Carson Snk, including Humboldt lake, into which flow the waters of Carson and Humboldt rivers; and Pyramid and Winnemucca lakes, which receive the discharge of Truckee river. All the lakes mentioned are located in Nevada except the Great Salt Lake, which is in Utah, and Owens lake, which is in eastern California. In the Oregon portion of the Great Basin there are such lakes as Malhour, Harnpy, and Warner.. Lake Tahoe, which lies partly in California and Partly in Nevada, is a high Sierra lake, which receives the water from the surrounding mountain peaks and discharges it through Truckee river into Pyramid and Winnemucca lakes. There are many other bodies of water in the Great Basin of more or less importance. Practically all of the Great Basin is desert country, though the aspect of some parts has been changed materially by irrigation. Much of the soil is exceedingly fertile when water is applied to it, as was long ago demonstrated by the Mormons, who settled in that country and founded a strong and prosperous colony that has taken a prominent part in the development of the west. The Great Basin contains two irrigation projects of the Government—the Truckee-Carson project, in Nevada, which will ultimately cover 200-000 acres, and the Strawberry Valley project in Utah. The new municipal water supply for the city of Los Angeles is taken from the Great Basin through a long conduit, the conception and construction of which have been a noteworthy feature in recent engineering development. Along certain edges of the basin, where it ascends to the mountain crests, like the Wasatch Range in Utah and the Sierra Nevada in California, there are many valuable sources of water power, some of which have THE FIRST VOCATIONAL NORMAL SCHOOL STARTED Pupils to be Given Training in Occupations Which They Plan to Follow In Life The first vocational normal school in California will be established in Oakland, if a bill at present before the legislature becomes a law. The bill provides for the establishing of a vocational training school for teachers the state to reimburse the board of education an amount equal to the salaries paid the instructors and to cover the bare cost of material and the operation of the machinery. The technical high school has been chosen for the first tryout of the scheme and it is proposed to start the evening classes for teachers the semester following the long vacation this summer. Providing the venture becomes successful, the state board of education plans to incorporate in each elementary school of the state classes which will allow the large majority of pupils who do not desire an academic education, training in the occupation which they plan to follow in life. It is estimated that nearly 84 per cent of the pupils in the elementary schools drop out without receiving any training which will fit them directly for the work they have chosen to provide them with a livelihood. The new school will, it is believed, eventually remedy this condition. ANDREW YOUNG PERFECTS NEW WONDER POTATO Spuds Brought up to a High Degree, Bringing $400 Per Ton in Eastern Market Andrew J. Young of Wintersburg, entertained Eugene Grubb at his ranch, last Thursday. The latter is a potato export known not only in this country but in Europe. He came to see what sort of work is being done on the ranch there which is widely famous for its production. Mr. Grubb brought three typical potatoes from Colorado which show just about what a perfect spud should be. A sack of Young's potatoes was emptied on the ground and the three model spuds placed on the pile. There were many in the sack which Grubb pronounced superior to the best there is elsewhere. The new potato which Mr. Young recently perfected has been given an official name. It will be known as the New Wonder. A shipment recently made brought $400 a ton. For twenty years, Mr. Young has been experimenting with potatoes. He has brought the spud up to a high degree of perfection. In getting the wonderful results he changes the seed from low to high and back from high to low ground freeway. SPRING SHOOTING OF MIGRATORY BIRDS ABSOLUTELY PROHIBITED From the number of letters which have been received on the subject recently, officials of the department believe that sportsmen may unintentionally violate the provisions of the Federal migratory bird law, which it is the purpose of the Government to enforce rigidly. Under the provisions of this law no waterfowl can be shot in the northern or breeding zone after January 15, except in New Jersey, where the season extends to February 1. In most of the southern or wintering zone the season closes February 1, but extends to February 16 in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. These regulations were proclaimed on October 1914. No change has since been made in them, and no change is likely to be made until the constitutionality of the law has been passed on by the United States Supreme Court. As a matter of fact, the law provides that all changes in the regulations must be considered for a period of 90 days, and then must be approved and signed by the President before they become effective. It is thus evident that there is no possibility that the prohibition of spring shooting will be in any way modified this year. The officials of the department who are intrusted with the enforcement of the law are anxious that these facts be impressed upon the people because it is the intention to investigate carefully all reports of violations made to the department's inspectors and war-dogs and to prosecute all such viola- J. W. TRUXAW, M. D. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON Office Hours 11 to 12 A.M.; 3 to 4 P.M.; 7 to 8 P.M. German-American Bank Building Cor. Center and Los Angeles Streets ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA Office Phone Residence 121 Kroeger Phone 341-M Home Phone 2093 NIGHT CALLS FROM RESIDENCE Drs. Johnston, Beebe Clark and Davis PHYSICIANS and SURGEONS Offices at Anselm Sanlitium Hours 1-4 and 7-6 p.m. Phone Pacific 200 Phone Home 221 J. JANSS, M.D. Physician & Surgeon 523 W. Center St., Anaheim Office Hours, 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 P.M. Both Phones F.E. Corwin, M.D.D.O. Practice Limited to Osteopathic Work Office, Mazonic Temple Hours—9 to 11 A.M.-2 to 5 P.M. Phone Pacific No. 367 Consultation Free Dr. M. M. Henderson DENTIST 106 E. Center Street Anaheim, Cal. Sunset 364 F. C. SPENCER ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Notary Public Odd Fellows' Block, Center Street Anaheim, Cal. The new potato which Mr. Young recently perfected has been given an official name. It will be known as the New Wonder. A shipment recently made brought $400 a ton. For twenty years, Mr. Young has been experimenting with potatoes. He has brought the spud up to a high degree of perfection. In getting the wonderful results he changes the seed from low to high and back from high to low ground frequently. His seed potatoes are widely known. The planting of the potato has begun on the ranch. Some are going in now. More will go in in a week or two. And then at frequent intervals until July plantings will be made. This is done to get seed for the market which will meet all needs and will always be fresh and right for planting—News. A "LIVING FLAG" Three hundred and fifty Oakland girls and one girl from every state in the union are daily practicing in the formation of a living flag, which will be one of the big features at every state day and other patriotic occasion at the Panama exposition. The 350 girls will form the alternate stripes of red and white in the enormous flag, and the stars in the field of blue will consist of one young woman from each of the 48 states of the union. When the flag is ready for exhibition, which will be on the opening day of the big fair, it will be one of the most spectacular patriotic displays ever seen. The governors of a majority of the states have officially approved of the big flag, and have expressed enthusiasm over the plan to have it one of the features of their state's day. WATERS OF THE "GREAT BASIN" Important Work Carried on by the U.S. Geological Survey. The region known by geographers as the Great Basin of the United States is the intermontane country lying between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada system, covering portions of Oregon, Idaho, Utah, No- regulations must be considered for a period of 90 days, and then must be approved and signed by the President before they become effective. It is thus evident that there is no possibility that the prohibition of spring shooting will be in any way modified this year. The officials of the department who are intrusted with the enforcement of the law are anxious that these facts be impressed upon the people because it is the intention to investigate carefully all reports of violations made to the department's inspectors and wardens and to prosecute all such violations in the Federal courts. In this connection it is pointed out that prosecutions may be instituted at any time within three years of the offense. 620 MILES OF STATE HIGHWAY COMPLETED Six hundred and twenty miles of state highways under the $18,000,000 bond issue have been completed, and 320 of the completed miles have been accepted by the state, according to a biennial report made to Governor Johnson by State Engineer McClure last week. In addition 987 miles are under contract. A JITNEY ORDINANCE Oakland is the first city in the United States to pass a jitney ordinance, and the one now in force there, just authorized by the city council, is the most drastic in its regulations. The new ordinance requires the driver of each jitney to file a bond of $10,000 to insure the protection of passengers and property in case of accident; makes them file a route and a schedule and comply with both as far as possible; prevents overcrowding of the cars or any riding on the running boards; gives the chief of police authority to regulate the busses so as to safeguard the public. The jitney drivers each will be given a number, and will be allowed to leave their regular routes every other night, if they so desire, to attend places where there are especially large crowds, the odd-numbered drivers going one night and the even-numbered the next. NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC Notice is hereby given, that it is unlawful to dump any brush, cans, or any rubbish or material of any kind upon the streets or alloys in the city of Anaheim from the 16th of each month to the 10th of the following month. J. W. SACKETT. Supt. of Streets of the City of Anaheim: 2-18-1mo It develops that the Secretary of Labor at Washington has used the contingent fund of his department for the purchase of a brougham, a cabriolet, an opera bus and a touring car. Some more of that Democratic simplicity they told us abut in 1912. PLAN THAT NEW Bing Porch had in mind so long, do roomy and light and yet of, for the Santa Ana's do and again. only a pleasant sleeping through the warm weather, splendid children's play through the wet season. IBBS NUMBER E SATURDAY NOON ITS OUR SPECIALTY NESS CARDS ner,D.D.S.,M.D. OCULIST AND THROAT—ORAL Y—GLASSES FITTED Central Bldg. Anaheim Zone Sunset 337 RUXAW, M. D. LAN AND SURGEON Office Hours: 1:30 to 4 P.M.; 7 to 8 P.M. American Bank Building and Los Angeles Streets EIM, CALIFORNIA Residence 121 Kroeger Phone 341-M Home Phone 2093 You Are Not a Spoke in the Wheel of Time Unless You Save Part of What You Earn! Never mind how little you earn— Save some of it—put it in the bank We Pay 4 Per Cent on Term Deposits Anaheim National Bank Electric Power Is The Cheap Power Because: Cost of installation is less; labor for operating is sayed; less floor space is required; friction and wear and tear are reduced to a minimum; repair bills are obviated; injury to building by vibration, is eliminated; there is no loss in the shafting and pulloys; no energy lost in getting started; always ready; always reliable; services is always perfect. Southern California Edison Co. SAN DIEGO BEERS Are made from the best materials obtainable by the most scientific methods, with the result that here— in San Diego—are produced Lager Beers equal to the best produced anywhere in America. Each and every brew is weighed to the pound. The process employed is minutely the same throughout, and this accounts for the strongly increasing demand for San Diego--"The Quality Beer" Are made from the best materials obtainable by the most scientific methods, with the result that here—in San Diego—are produced Lager Beers equal to the best produced anywhere in America. Each and every brew is weighed to the pound. The process employed is minutely the same throughout, and this accounts for the strongly increasing demand for San Diego--“The Quality Beer” Old Mission Lager--Traditionally Good Healthful Invigorating Satisfying Accept no substitute if the best is desired. SAN DIEGO Consld Brewing Co. San Diego, Cal., U.S.A. We have the Agency for the Weaver Roofing Company’s Paper, Beaver Board and Arden Plaster We also carry a complete line of Lumber of all kinds, Cement, Brick, Etc. Griffith Lumber Co. Good Place to Buy— G-O-O-D L-U-M-B-E-R C. GANAHL LUMBER COMPANY Anaheim, Cal. Good Place to Buy— G-O-O-D L-U-M-B-E-R C. GANAHL LUMBER COMPANY Anaheim. : : : : Cal. The Gazette Office First-Class Job Printing Prices Are Right Neatness and Dispatch Opera-House Block