anaheim-gazette 1914-09-10

FATHER DUBBEL TELLS ABOUT JAPAN HISTORY, RELIGION AND PROGRESS OF THE LAND OF THE MIKADO COMMENTED ON ISLAND EMPIRE OVERFLOWING WITH TRADITION AND WONDERFUL STORIES OF FORMER DAYS Father F. J. Dubbel, of St. Boniface Catholic church, who has just returned from a tour of Oriental lands, came home well laden with notes and information relative to the foreign countries visited. Japan was particularly interesting to him. Its religion, its people, its development and its future possibilities were all studied and noted. As Japan is getting herself frequently in the light-of late years Father Dubbel's observations are interesting. He says: Unequalled in the history of nations is the story of the Island Empire, the land of the Rising Sun. The foremost and boldest exponent of Oriental thought, whose ambition is not only to vle with, equal, rival, but to eclipse occidental dominion. Feeling in its immort soul-a destiny bequeathed to it by the gods that its sway is to be universal. The sceptre of the Emperor "the child of the gods," is to be unhappened, the lands and the seas are his heritage. In the stony bed of the Great Milky River of Heaven, the gods held their council, ordained the sacredness of his person and there is no reason why he should not come in possession of his heritage. A nation impregnated with these views, a people permeated with religious sentiments, whose soul stirts and thrills every fibre of their being in the consciousness that they are but so many units in the great composite body, that they are part and parcel of the great scheme of the gods awakened from their lethargy naturally become the could accommodate itself to such various functions. "Be it here remarked their mythology as contained in the sacred books is swallow ve1 whose by people of all classes and conditions. In deference to the prejudice of foreigners many educated Japanese when conversing with foreigners think it quite offate to sneer at these myths, but while doing so in their heart of hearts, they beg their gods to forgive them. To disbelieve any part would destroy the whole fabric of Japanese civilization. To disbelieve is to be no longer a Japanese. The first pages of the Koji-ki give an account of the birth of the different gods and of the islands Izanami bore to Izanagi. Izanagi visited Hades and there beheld the polluted body of Izanami, the Furies, Spirits of Hades persuaded him, coming to the stream of Himuka he purifies himself and while bathing from the dirt washed from his left eye is begotten "The Sun Goddess" from the right eye the Moon god and from his nostrils the Impetuous Male. The inheritance of the universe is divided among these three children. Be it noted that the place of honor in Japanese elitique is the left side. The supreme divinity with them is the sun goddess, the grandmother of the first human Emperor of Japan. The Koji-ki informs us of the quarrel between the Sun goddess and her brother "The Impetuous Male Delty." The former retires to a cave and she who had been the queen of the heavens, the joy and delight of all the gods, hides her beauty and will not be consoled. The gods meet in the famous stony bed of the Great Milky River of Heaven and devise means and ways how to induce her to leave her retirement. But all to no purpose. Finally they conclude to select some of the younger and most beautiful feminine gods to dance before the cave, and alure her from hiding, though her curiosity was arroused, still she refused to leave, finally they suggested to hold a mirror before the cave, she saw her reflected beauty and coming forth to greet her image she was seized and again enthroned as the mistress of the universe. The mirrow ever after was held in highest veneration little short of being a sacred object. The "Impetuous Male Delty" was disgraced and banished leaving the Sun goddess the mistress of the field. To the "Impetuous Male Delty" was risen the dominion of the world wide inflows to be faithful traditions of his sovereign of the Tenno, Jimmu "bravery," and Te Heaven" or losse Emperor of Japan ascension to the February 11, 660 has since been used has been but one throne, by name a history because ofvasion of Korea likeA temple is a B ship, it is character tures and trapping shrine is a Shinto always of the mo without any or Shintofism is the s Japan. Emperor's ship and ancestors sentals of Shintofis are derived from Confucius, and fraternities.The anese is very coy criotism springs fries are derived from Confucius, and fraternities.The anese is very coy criotism springs fries are derived from Confucius, and fraternities. unhampered, the lands and the seas are his heritage. In the stony-bed of the Great Milky River of Heaven, the gods held their council, ordained the sacredness of his person and there is no reason why he should not come in possession of his heritage. A nation impregnated with these views, a people permeated with religious sentiments, whose soul stirst and thrills every fibre of their being in the consciousness that they are but so many units in the great composite body, that they are part and parcel of the great scheme of the gods awakened from their lethargy naturally become the study of the civilized world. Sixty years ago Commodore Perry visited the fisherman's hamlet at Yokohama. The ports of Japan were opened to the marits of the world. Yokohama has risen to a city of world wide importance. Western civilization entered its portals, today its magnificent harbor, with its forts and submarine mines would defy any power to enter it in an unfriendly spirit. It has taken in the cream of western civilization without the sacrifice or surrender of any of its ancestral principles. In dealings with nations like dealing with individuals it is the character that must be considered. Material development and progress may be well worthy of commendation, it is however, the underlying principle of belief, of destiny, of ambition, that moulds the nation's conscience and character. Wherefore in these notes the religious tenets of the Japanese people must primarily be considered as an active force in developing the national character. The importance of this is admitted by all who have come in close contact with them. The position of the Emperor, the imperial decrees, the loyalty of the soldier, in action all develop and confirm the great thought Japan is the land of the gods, its Emperors are the vicogerents of the gods. The sacred books of the Japanese are the Ko-ji-ki, "Records of Ancient Matters" and the Nihon-Gi, "Chronicles of Japan." The first was compiled A.D. 712 by order of the Emperor Temmu. This book contains the legends of Japanese mythology. In the words of the imperial decree to preserve in all truthfulness for future ages the dealing of the gods. Many were the legends and at times so contradictory that the Emperor Temmu ordered a strict study to be made that the truth may be slifted from the false. There was found a young man by name Are endowed with a most extraordinary memory of whom it was said never did he forget what he once heard. To him was given the task to commit to memory the legends of the Empire. He had access to all clans and families and gathered the words of the ancients. Faithfully did he labor, handicapped that he could neither read nor write. The Emperor Temmu had died, but in the Emperor Yasumaro, Are found a protector. Are who was then about sixty years of age, was called before the learned fulfil feminine gods to dance before the cave, and alure her from her hiding, though her custoity was arroused, still she refused to leave, finally they suggested to hold a mirror before the cave, she saw her reflected beauty and come forth to greet her image she was seized and again enthroned as the mistress of the universe. The mirrow ever after was held in highest veneration little short of being a sacred object. The "Impetuous Male Delty" was disgraced and banished leaving the Sun goddess the mistress of the field. To the "Impetuous Male Delty" was given the dominion of the seas. The number of gods is computed at 80 myriads or 800,000,000, some gods dwelt on earth, others had descended from heaven and had children by human women. Some gods were born and some died. Humans are added to the gods by apotheoses, Evil gods, or spirits of darkness are not worshiped but placated. The underlying idea being God is good and the devil not a bad fellow at that, but to run down satan would be making a powerful enemy. In the religion of the Japanese there is nothing to be found corresponding to the body of logma or code of morals, rather we must consider it a bundle of miscellaneous superstititions. Dreams were regarded of great importance indicating the will of the gods. A charming mixture of spiritual and material is exhibited in the legend describing the descent of a wonderful sword, given in a dream to one of the emperors indicative of the protection of the gods and of his ultimate triumph and unquestionable authority. Heaven is described as an actual place "The High Plain" above Japan communicating by means of a bridge or ladder; the abode of the "Kamli" (deity). Mountains, rivers, caves, wells, wild animals are mentioned making it a scenic place in grandeur and extensiveness far superior to its earthly replica the lands about the inland sea. There the gods reign in glory, and the spirits of humans enjoy their reward. The degree of happiness is meted out in proportion to the good done on earth, the greatest conducive good being the furtherance of national power and prestige. Hadus "a hideous and polluted land,"the abode of horrible putrefaction and of the vindictive dead. Exemplified in the legend of Izanagi. Their conception of punishment does not include eternal nal reprobation, on the contrary as is demonstrated in the Temple of Horrors at Canton after successive purgations they may be admitted to the land of the Kamli. Marked is the spirit of fatalism, uncertainty as to the future state dying making no reference to it, neither fear nor joy expressed be it in the case either of good or bad. The offerings made to the gods consisted generally of food and wine, though cloth, spears, swords and mirrors were frequently offered. Prayers were regarded as conversations fulfill feminine gods to dance before the cave, and alure her from her hiding, though her custoity was arroused, still she refused to leave, finally they suggested to hold a mirror before the cave, she saw her reflected beauty and come forth to greet her image she was seized and again enthroned as the mistress of the universe. The mirrow ever after was held in highest veneration little short of being a sacred object. The "Impetuous Male Delty" was disgraced and banished leaving the Sun goddess the mistress of the field. To the "Impetuous Male Delty" was given the dominion of the seas. The number of gods is computed at 80 myriads or 800,000,000, some gods dwelt on earth, others had descended from heaven and had children by human women. Some gods were born and some died. Humans are added to the gods by apotheoses, Evil gods, or spirits of darkness are not worshiped but placated. The underlying idea being God is good and the devil not a bad fellow at that, but to run down satan would be making a powerful enemy. In the religion of the Japanese there is nothing to be found corresponding to the body of logma or code of morals, rather we must consider it a bundle of miscellaneous superstititions. Dreams were regarded of great importance indicating the will of the gods. A charming mixture of spiritual and material is exhibited in the legend describing the descent of a wonderful sword, given in a dream to one of the emperors indicative of the protection of the gods and of his ultimate triumph and unquestionable authority. Heaven is described as an actual place "The High Plain" above Japan communicating by means of a bridge or ladder; the abode of the "Kamli" (deity). Mountains, rivers, caves, wells, wild animals are mentioned making it a scenic place in grandeur and extensiveness far superior to its earthly replica the lands about the inland sea. There the gods reign in glory, and the spirits of humans enjoy their reward. The degree of happiness is meted out in proportion to the good done on earth, the greatest conducive good being the furtherance of national power and prestige. Hadus "a hideous and polluted land,"the abode of horrible putrefaction and of the vindictive dead. Exemplified in the legend of Izanagi. Their conception of punishment does not include eternal nal reprobation, on the contrary as is demonstrated in the Temple of Horrors at Canton after successive purgations they may be admitted to the land of the Kamli. Marked is the spirit of fatalism, uncertainty as to the future state dying making no reference to it, neither fear nor joy expressed be it in the case either of good or bad. The offerings made to the gods consisted generally of food and wine, though cloth, spears, swords and mirrors were frequented offering. Prayers were regarded as conversations fulfill feminine gods to dance before the cave, and alure her from her hiding, though her custoity was arroused, still she refused to leave, finally they suggested to hold a mirror before the cave, she saw her reflected beauty and come forth to greet her image she was seized and again enthroned as the mistress of the universe. The mirrow ever after was held in highest veneration little short of being a sacred object. The "Impetuous Male Delty" was disgraced and banished leaving the Sun goddess the mistress of the field. To the "Impetuous Male Delty" was given the dominion of the seas. The number of gods is computed at 80 myriads or 800,000,000, some gods dwelt on earth, others had descended from heaven and had children by human women. Some gods were born and some died. Humans are added to the gods by apotheoses, Evil gods, or spirits of darkness are not worshiped but placated. The underlying idea being God is good and the devil not a bad fellow at that, but to run down satan would be making a powerful enemy. In the religion of the Japanese there is nothing to be found corresponding to the body of logma or code of morals, rather we must consider it a bundle of miscellaneous superstititions. Dreams were regarded of great importance indicating the will of the gods. A charming mixture of spiritual and material is exhibited in the legend describing the descent of a wonderful sword, given in a dream to one of the emperors indicative of the protection of the gods and of his ultimate triumph and unquestionable authority. Heaven is described as an actual place "The High Plain" above Japan communicating by means of a bridge or ladder; the abode of the "Kamli" (deity). Mountains, rivers, caves, wells, wild animals are mentioned making it a scenic place in grandeur and extensiveness far superior to its earthly replica the lands about the inland sea. Therethe gods reign in glory, andthe spiritsof humans enjoy their reward.The degreeof happinessismetedoutinproportiontothegooddoneonearth,thegreatcondicvobelongdedivocatinggoodbeingthefurtheranceofnationalpowerandprestige. Hadus "a hideousandpollutedland,"theabodeofhorribleputrefactionandofthe vindictivedead.ExemplifiedinthelegendofIzanagi.Theconceptionofpunishmentdoesnotincludeexternalnalreprobation.onthecontraryasisdemonstratedintheTempleofHorrorsatCantonaftersuccessivepurgationstheymaybeadmittedtothelandoftheKamli. Markedisthespiritoffatalismuncertainlyastothefuturestatedyingmakingnoreferencetoitneitherfearnorjoyexpressedbeitinthecaseotherofgoodorbad. Theofferingsmadetothegodsconsistedgenerallyoffoodandwinethoughcloth,spears,swordsandmirrorswerefrequentlyoffering.Prayerswereregardedasconversations fulfill feminine gods to dance beforethe cave，andalureherfromherhiding，thoughhercustoicitywasarroused，stillsherefusedtoleave，finallythey suggestedtoholdamirrorbeforethe cave，she sawherreflectedinatureandtrainingwithherheadslayBuddhistwillchildrenofeltherseenwearthissecretionyoupreachthelaw. The BuddhistprinciplevocationThelibneyTheyhaveandconvents.ThewaveheirsheadslayBuddhistwillchildrenofeltherseenwearthissecretionyoupreachthelaw. The佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源与传播与佛教的发展的关系如何？ 佛教的起源與传播與宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化關係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教與文化関係 宗教舆文明學概論 The formation of the earth and the period of creation are very vague and confusing for gods are said to have reigned 10,000 years before men came on earth. The usual way the legends are introduced in the Kojiki is with "one account says." In Japanese phraseology the creation of the earth is spoken of as the "separation of heaven and earth." In the period of chaos, mud and water mingled. The great god stuck his spear and willed that earth should be formed and immediately a small island appeared near the entrance of the Inland sea near Kobe. Its name is Onogoroshima Izanagi and Izanami, are the creating deities in Japanese mythology. In the period of creation the goddess begot both islands and gods. Deities of greater and of lesser importance. Their conception of omnipotence being expressed in the phenomena that a woman Their conception of punishment does not include eternal nal reprobation, on the contrary as is demonstrated in the Temple of Horrors at Canton after successive purgations they may be admitted to the land of the Kamii. Marked is the spirit of fatalism, uncertainty as to the future state the dying making no reference to it, neither fear nor joy expressed be it in the case either of good or bad. The offerings made to the gods consisted generally of food and wine, though cloth, spears, swords and mirrors were frequently offered. Prayers were regarded as conversations with the gods, but no devotional utterances are found in their sacred writings. Some of the ancient prayers are mere declarations of praise and statement of offerings in return for the favors received. At the entrance of every temple are found large stone lanterns, often artistically sculptured these are ex voto offerings of prayers answered. Holy water, the water of purifications is frequently spoken of. The Kojiki nor tradition make any reference to a deluge. Neither does the sacred number seven appear but the number eight is of frequent occurrence thus the eight great Islands of creation, the eight forked serpent, the eight thousand saplings, the 800 myriads of deities. Numerous are the superstitions, omens of evil as named in the Kojiki and Nihon Gl, disasters that befell gods and emperors because (1) to have use or burnt but one light (2) to have broken the tooth of a comb at night time, (3) to enter the house with a straw hat and a rain coat. Divination was much practiced, through the shoulder blade of a deer was the most ancient way of ascertaining the will of the gods. The seers were much consulted in matters of state, and their visions were an inspiration in the days of a campaign. As regards the early Japanese history it may be concluded they are a race which early emerged from the savage state. There is no record in their history of the stone age nor of the bronze age. Iron was used for spears, swords, knives, hooks and to fasten doors. There is no mention of the domestic saw and axe. Still there is spoken of the pestle and mortar, fire drill, wedge, sickle and of the shuttle used in weaving. Navigation It must not ever, that this aspiration known only to the guiding priest dhist priesthood is intelligence of your preach the law. The Buddhist priestsive vocation. They have and convents. They shave their heads lay Buddhist will Children of either seen wearing this secretion to the to are also prohibited Thus they argue, blade of grass has sacred consequence even to destroy and rigorous observance the water they drink they may destroy quietly in the Bai are no immolation holocaust. The offe money. St Francis Xavier missionary noted striking reserem emotional and liturgy and the Roman Curry. The use of ing of incense, holy candles and o Buddhist have oious salts' days. Purgatory. They ens and seven heaven and hell Christian idea, have o reward and pr home has its two Kaimidana, God she to shrine, before its national heroes are worshipped. Second The Buddha shelf only the family appl statutes of Buddhism them are celibates. Of Buddhism are proximately. Each many volumes of o most beautiful tiffied with the Bai conception of your preach the law. ANAHEIM GAZETTE of varytholbooks of all reference many worsening offate while they to the relation. 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tures and trappings of all sorts. A shrine is a Shinto place of worship, always of the most severe simplicity without any ornaments whatever. Shintofism is the aboriginal religion of Japan. Emperor worship, hero worship and ancestor worship are the essentials of Shintolism. The oath of the brave calls for the solemn declaration to serve the emperor through seven existences. The religion of the Japanese is very composite. His patriotism springs from Shinto, his ethics are derived from the teachings of Confucius, and from the classical literature of China, while the life of the individual after death lies entirely within the realm of Buddhism. Higher criticism is not applied to their sacred writings, but as Confucius calls himself "A transmitter and not a maker, believing in and loving the ancients" thus also with the literati in admitting the earlier accounts, despite the incredible myths contained therein. There are two phases of Buddhism, popular Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism. In esoteric Buddhism anthropomorphism is absent. The deity of an individual is governed by Karma. This term denotes the endless chain of cause and effect and the balance between the good and the evil deeds of the individual in all his countless atavies, (previous stages of existence). Each stage is an atavar, the passing from one stage to another is metempsychosis. The principles in doctrine in esoteric Buddhism are profoundly philosophical. The acme of spiritual development in the life to come is called Nirvana. Literally it means blowing out or extinguished and this last has led many Europeans to believe that Nirvana is the annihilation of the soul; this is a very serious mistake. One of the fundamentals sentiment or passion, base or noble, springs from desire, that all desire is sinful and has its root in self-consciousness. In the cosmic scheme of things there is no self. Every object of nature, antimate or inanimate, every sentiment or passion, base or noble, and every deep good or evil, forms an equal and coordinate part of providence. But before Nirvana can be obtained by the entire universe all dress of sentiency and corporality must be left behind or vanish. The blending of the individual with the infinite is the consumption of spiritual progress. It must not be forgotten however, that this aspect of Buddhism is known only to the learned few. One of the guiding principles of the Buddha priesthood is first estimate the intelligence of your hearers and then preach the law. The Buddhist priesthood is an elective vocation. The must observe libacy. They have their monasteries and convents. They are obliged to shave their heads. Even the devout lay Buddhist will wear a tonsure. Children of either sex are frequently seen wearing this mark of their consecration to the temple. The priests And with each stroke the life wine flows. To the sacred annals of our house I add another deed. Hall to thoe, O mighty ones. Hall, heroes of Hirotos line! The soldier feels in his innost soul the spirits of his fathers surround him. The very cannot and musket are inhabited by the spirits of Japan's gods. He is not laboring alone, their all seeing eye observes him, they are ready to guide the ball and bullet and his fall in his country's cause would liberate his imprisoned spirit till a future existence would enable him to do more glorious and valiant deeds for the land of the gods. As a war correspondent remarked, General Uku advanced in a blizzard of steel he advanced where Napoleon would have fallen back, the 75,000 he admitted to have lost in his attack were willing victims to demonstrate to the world the decree of the gods meant advance and no retreat. Thus also General Nogi before Port Arthur, saw his two sons slain, he wrote to his wife to defer the funeral for he felt the glory of the Empire rested on his shoulders, he rushed in the thickest of the fight fully convinced that if the gods so decreed his fall would give place to another, never faltering in his belief in the army's ultimate triumph as the gods had decreed. Prior to the publication of the constitution of 1868 the following were the class distinctions of the people. The Kozoku, the imperial courtiers, in this class are the Kuge and Buke. The first rank of the Buke was the Shogun. The official title was Sel-l-tal Shogun who was the actual ruler of Japan and head of the Buke or military class. The literal translation of his name would read "Barbarian suppressing great generalissimo." The Dalmyo-(Fuedal Barons). Fuedal Japan was divided into about 238 clans. The Dalmyo ruled over a clan with absolute power but owed homage to the Shogun and furnished a contingent of troops to him in war. Dalmyo means a "great name." Shomyo a sort of deputy dalmyo, who ruled an isolated geographical division of a dalmyte; shoymo means a "small name." Hatamato—banner supporters were Samurai in the personal service of the Shogun. Their rank was between the Dalmyo and Shomyo. Samurai, a gentleman at arms in the service of a dalmyte or shomyo. "The girded award is the living soul of Samura." The Helmin or Commoners were divided into farmers, artisans and tradesmen. Eta was the class of followers of despised vocations. Hinim (non-human) included beggars and lepers. Since new constitution all are equal before taxation. The clauses named above are merely social distinctions. Modern peerage was established in 1884. Princes of the realm in contradiction to prince of the blood. Margulais, counts, vis- patriotism on the part of the Automobile club—it is a very clear acknowledgment of conditions impressed upon Southern California by a sudden tying up of old world commerce. "Lock the back door," said Secretary Mitchell," and the front door will take care of itself. "Bond issues which are being considered in San Bernardino and Santa Barbara counties may seem to be an added burden to the tax payers, but consider Erance. It is the general populace, over there, that made the demand for better roads. "At one time it was the farmer who refused to build good roads for these speed demons to joy ride on." Now it is the rancher, the small farm man, who is demanding better highways. He has learned that it has cost him more, twice as much, to haul his produce over poor roads to market. State highways which are building at great expense to California will more than double their value after completion, in helping to move the crops which will feed war-swept Europe. There will be a greater demand for "outside" real estate in Southern California if the good highways lead the coming motorists through the rural districts at a touring pace than if they were hurled through on an express train. Stimulating the farm is one of the greatest reasons given by Automobile club officials for completing all possible road work. While French and German boulevards are becoming the touring ground of the War God, Southern California boulevards will be the highways of Ceres. Orange county is rapidly completing boulevards which will facilitate the moving of crops in the south, and San Diego county has done a great work in completing a highway into the Imperial Valley. ELECTING "BLACK POPE" Some time within the next few months, it is expected sombre-clad monks from the four corners of the world will gather in Rome to ectect a new general of the Jesuit order to succeed late Father Wernz, who for eight years directed the forces ofthe Jesuit army. Second interest and importance only to the papal conclave is this conclave ofthe Jesuit fathers. Secrecy guards the balloting of cardinals when they elect a pontiff, but even more guarded, if possible, are the proceedings ofthe Jesuit fathers on like occasions. The meeting place of the congregation is not even made public, but it is generally believed that next conclave will be held in or near Rome. Sometimes the meeting place is not made public until after the election has taken place. On the eve of the election she delegates will spend three days and nights in solitude, thinking overthe situation. On the fourth day afterthe assembling ofthe delegates It must not be forgotten however that this aspect of Buddhism is known only to the learned few. One of the guiding principles of the Buddha priesthood is first estimate the intelligence of your hearers and then preach the law. The Buddhist priesthood is an elective vocation. The must observe celibacy. They have their monasteries and convents. They are obliged to shave their heads. Even the devout lay Buddhist will wear a tonsure. Children of either sex are frequently seen wearing this mark of their consecration to the temple. The priests are also prohibited the eating of meat. Thus they argue, all life is one, the blade of grass has its soul, all life is sacred consequently it is sinful even to destroy animal life. In their rigorous observance they will strain the water they drink, less in drinking they may destroy any life. Consequently in the Buddhist faith there are no immolations in the sense of holocaust. The offerings are in temple money. St. Francis Xavier the great Christian missionary to India and Japan, noted striking resemblances in the ceremonial and liturgy of the Buddhist and the Roman Catholic rite and liturgy. The use of vestments, the burning of incense, the use of holy water, holy candles and even a rosary. The Buddhist have a calendar of numerous saints' days. They also believe in purgatory. They have seven heavens and seven hells. The idea of heaven and hell is similar to the Christian idea, having various degrees of reward and punishment. Every home has its two shrines. First the Kaimidana, God shelf—this is a Shinto shrine, before it imperial ancestors, national heroes and Shinto gods were worshipped. Secondly the Butsudan—the Buddhushelf, before this shrine only the family ancestors are worshiped. Diabutsu applies to all gigantic statutes of Buddha. There are 33 sects of Buddhism in Japan, 32 of them are celibates. The sacred books of Buddhism are Sutras, 33,000 approximately. Each of the Sutras has many volumes of commentaries. One of the most beautiful sentiments identified with the Buddhist religion is the conception of the lotus flower as symbolic of the human soul. This gentleman at arms in the service of a dalmyo or shomyo. "The girded sword is the living soul of Samural." The Helmin or Commoners were divided into farmers, artisans and tradesmen. Eta was the class of followers of desplaced vocations. Hinim (non-human) included beggars and lepers. Since the new constitution all are equal before the law, suffrage however is based upon taxation. The classes named above are merely social distinctions. Modern peerage was established in 1884. Princes of the realm in contradistinction to prince of the blood. Marquises, counts, viscounts, barons, nobaronet. Court rank determines power and prestige and is quite independent of peerage. There are eight ranks, two major and two minor in each. A word must be said about the Geisha girl; all travellers to Japan have their attention called to them. A high class Geisha compares with our star actress. A waterfront Geisha corresponds with a music hall chorus girl, and every grade found between. The feminine accomplishments par excellence in Japan are flower arrangement, the ceremonial tea drinking and playing the Koto or Japanese harp. Flower arrangements to a drinking are esoteric arts of the highest value judged from any standpoint. From the beginning of Japanese history to the advent of Commodore Perry, Japan originated nothing in science or industry. All the essentials were appointed from abroad. Principally from China through Korea. All humanizing influences may be credited to Buddhism. Japan has often been accused of being a more imitative. This is a serious mistake. Everything adopted was adapted to the peculiar circumstances of their own environments. And so strongly do they bear the imprint of the Japanese genius, that their own authors would almost fail to recognize them. Particularly is this true of poetry, painting and sculpture coming down to modern times. The same principle is manifested in the military and naval sciences, as well as in the various fields of industrialism. Whatever be its origin anything exotic when once selected by the Japanese as essential to their national progress becomes in The Loara Parent Teachers' association will hold its regular meeting Friday at 2 o'clock p.m. at the school house grounds. This will be a very important meeting and all members are urged to attend. SCHOOL DAYS ARE HERE PARENTS You ought to see to it that your children's eyes are in good condition to stand the strain of study without injury. Children that are backward in school usually suffer from defects of the eyes. Give your child an equal chance with others possessing good eyesight. Bring in your boy or girl and have their eyes examined. If they do not need glasses I will tell you so. My prices are reasonable. THEODORE ROBERTS DOCTOR OF OPTOMETRY At the Sign of the Big Clock Aluminum At the Sign of the Big Clock Aluminum Ware Absolutely Guaranteed Every piece replaced that is not satisfactory. 10 Per Cent Discount for the next 30 days AT DICKEL'S Try the Gazette for NEAT JOB PRINTING WANT TO KEEP THE MONEY The Board of Supervisors on Wednesday passed a resolution of recommendation to be presented to the state legislature, asking for a law to be passed which will allow all the money collected in the county for licenses to hunters to be kept in the county's fund to be used as a game preservation fund, and all money collected for fishermen's licenses to be kept in the county as a fish hatchery fund. At the present time all money collected for licenses, whether for hunting or fishing, goes to aid the work of the Fish and Game Commis- Anaheim Union Water Co. Run No. 9 Starts Sept 4'14 The Board of Supervisors on Wednesday passed a resolution of recommendation to be presented to the state legislature, asking for a law to be passed which will allow all the money collected in the county for licenses to hunters to be kept in the county's fund to be used as a game preservation fund, and all money collected for fishermen's licenses to be kept in the county as a fish hatchery fund. At the present time all money collected for licenses, whether for hunting or fishing, goes to aid the work of the Fish and Game Commission. The resolution, as presented to the Board also has the addenda that all monies paid as fines for violations of game and fish laws should be kept in the counties where these fines are paid to the trial justice. The resolution was passed without one dissenting vote. COMING! Sunday and Monday Sept. 13 and 14 at Fairyland Theatre Mary Picford The favorite Motion Picture Actress "In the Sultan's Garden" also, a well selected program. Don't fail to see LITTLE MARY REGULAR ADMISSION 5 and 10 cents Garden Grove thinks that a gang of thieves seems to be making its headquarters in that vicinity. There has been a series of burglaries committed Our specialties are Imperial Valley ranches, Coachella and San Joaquin Valley property, improved alfalfa fruit and cattle ranches, unimproved land and relinquishment. Orange county properties, such as orange, lemon and walnut groves. Ranches, stock and farming implements, and EXCHANGES WM. J. W. ORR 38 Years in California Real Estate, Insurance 142 W. Center St., Anaheim, Cal. Tel. Sunset 186W. which all seem to be the work of one gang. A few nights since the Bolsa general store, located three miles south of the Grove was entered and several hundred dollars' worth of goods taken. A short time previous to that an attempt was made to break into Stambaugh's grocery, when three men were discovered and help was summoned by telephone by a young girl in time to prevent the deed The Cypress Mercantile company store a few miles distant was burglarized a few weeks since. Attempts have been made at Tustin to enter at least two stores. It looks as though the guilty parties were making headquarters not far from that place and it is expected that arrests will be made in the near future.