anaheim-gazette 1913-11-06

INCREASE OF IRRIGATION IN STATE FORTY-FOUR PER CENT OF IRRIGABLE LANDS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE IN THE STATE IS SUBJECT OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION To assist in bringing about fullest utilization of the irrigation resources of California, the United States Department of Agriculture has recently issued a bulletin on Irrigation Resources of California and Their Utilization, by Frank Adams, irrigation manager in charge of work in California. This is Bulletin 254 of the Office of Experiment Stations. This bulletin brings out the fact, that, despite the extent and importance of its irrigation interests, California has not kept pace, from an administrative standpoint, with other western states. While it has long been known that California contains a very large area of agricultural land needing irrigation in order to develop its highest productive capacity, it has also been known that the state has given much less attention to administrative irrigation laws than have most of the other western states. The long failure on the part of this state to enact such laws has been due very largely per cent is in central California and about 24 per cent is in southern California. Of the areas it is estimated may ultimately be irrigated about 35.5 per cent of the total are in northern California, about 44.5 per cent are in central California, and about 20 per cent are in southern California. Of the estimated future increase in the irrigated acreage of California, about 45 per cent is allotted to northern California, about 36.5 per cent to central California, and about 18.5 per cent to southern California." The agriculture of California has long been a subject of scientific investigation so that the main agricultural characteristics of the state are known. Most of the soils, alkalis, crops, waters, and cultural methods to develop irrigation have been discussed for many years in publications of the California Experimental Station. A full irrigation census of the state, in which the United States Department of Agriculture co-operated, was made during 1910 and 1911. These investigations have made it plain that irrigation is neither equally necessary nor equally advantageous throughout California, nor is it possible to determine either its necessity or its advantages wholly by the annual rainfall. However, rainless summers render irrigation either a necessity or a marked advantage in nearly every section of the state. While studies of the actual water requirements of crops have not gone far enough to give final results, they furnish an excellent basis for further study of this important question and have already shown that the best economy and the greatest practical extension of the irrigated area demands legislation limiting irrigation rights to beneficial use as determined by the amounts of water actually required to While it has long been known that California contains a very large area of agricultural land needing irrigation in order to develop its highest productive capacity, it has also been known that the state has given much less attention to administrative irrigation laws than have most of the other western states. The long failure on the part of this state to enact such laws has been due very largely to lack of appreciation of the value of such legislative measures as a means to bring about the most economical development. The apparent diversity of interests between the northern and southern portions of California, due to the more rapid irrigation development of the latter, has led to differences of opinion on this important point. There are also those who are satisfied to let development in irrigation take its course without legislative guide or restriction. As regards the fundamental need of protecting public irrigation rights to the end that the irrigation waters shall not be wasted but shall bring prosperity to the largest number of farm homes, there is no north or south in California. Irrigators in Southern California, however, are not generally willing to admit this fact because on the whole they use water very economically. Rights to water for irrigation have, however, been acquired by them, as by others in California, only in suits between individuals in which the state has not been represented, and it has never been appreciated generally that such procedure nearly always involves some public waste. Throughout the state education in better methods on the one hand and on the other the exercise of sufficient public control to keep use down to crop necessities are the only means that can insure the kind of irrigation progress that is truly economical. Realizing the need of a better understanding throughout the state regarding the extent of the irrigable lands and of the possible irrigation development with the available water supply, the state conservation commission, appointed in 1911 for the purpose of investigating the natural resources of the state and of recommending legislation for their better conservation and utilization, arranged for co-operation with the United States Department of Agriculture in a comprehensive study of the irrigation resources, conditions, and possibilities of the state. The results of this study are reported in the bulletin referred render irrigation either a necessity or a marked advantage in nearly every section of the state. While studies of the actual water requirements of crops have not gone far enough to give final results, they furnish an excellent basis for further study of this important question and have already shown that the best economy and the greatest practical extension of the irrigated area demands legislation limiting irrigation rights to beneficial use as determined by the amounts of water actually required to grow crops. Only a realization and enforcement of this principle can bring about the irrigation of the nearly 10,000,000 acres of California agricultural lands that it is estimated in this report may ultimately be watered. The equitable and orderly distribution and delivery of water to actual users will undoubtedly in the end transcend in importance matters of even public control, but such handling of irrigation water is not possible unless rights to the water are certain, and it is believed that results will fall far short of the possible and practicable unless California gives the same measure of attention and support to questions of public control as is given in other western states. MOUTH SHOT OFF La Presna, the famous newspaper of Buenos Ayres, politely suggests that Col. Theodore Roosevelt modify his South American itinerary and omit the Argentine republic from his list of countries to be visited. It seems that his exuberance of expression has once more brought trouble to the colonel. When he first landed on Brazilian soil after his long voyage from New York, Colonel Roosevelt proceeded to say very pleasant things to and about the Brazilians. "The United States," he declared, "must be paramount in North America, and Brazil in South America, since they are the richest and greatest countries on the continents." This was very well received by the Brazilians, of course, and it was a flattering and courteous thing to say. But it has gravely displeased the people of Argentina. And the great Argentine newspaper, which is one of the most remarkable institutions of the world, doubtless represents Argentine sentiment in suggesting that Colonel Roosevelt will not be altogether welcome. FOR SALE Two good horses for sale, one a gray, two and a half years old, weight 1,200 pounds. Respectively without a render irrigation either a necessity or a marked advantage in nearly every section of the state. development with the available water supply, the state conservation commission, appointed in 1911 for the purpose of investigating the natural resources of the state and of recommending legislation for their better conservation and utilization, arranged for co-operation with the United States Department of Agriculture in a comprehensive study of the irrigation resources, conditions, and possibilities of the state. The results of this study are reported in the bulletin referred to and were made the basis of improved legislation relating to irrigation at the last session of the state legislature. The bulletin attempts to assemble and digest information relating to irrigation for the whole state rather than to give a more detailed account of a few selected localities. It contains three large colored maps showing the distribution of agricultural lands and the present state of irrigation development in northern, central and southern California, respectively. The importance and possibilities of irrigation development in the state are revealed by the statement that "the total area of irrigable agricultural land found in zones or irrigation water supplies, which includes all valley lands, the rolling plains of the Great Valley, the arable portions of the Sierra foothills up to about 3,000 feet in elevation, and all of the plateau and desert lands to which some irrigation water supplies are available, is 21,865,200 acres, of which 3,192,646 acres are already irrigated, and 9,699,-600 acres are estimated as the area to be ultimately irrigated. "Of the total irrigable areas found, about 28.5 per cent are in northern California, about 44 per cent are in central California and about 27.5 per cent are in southern California. Of the total irrigated area, about 15 per cent is in northern California, about 61 FOR SALE Two good horses for sale, one a gray, two and a half years old, weight 1,200 pounds. Positively without a blemish. A bargain. Sorrel horse, five years old, a fine work horse. Sixteen thoroughbred black Minorca pullets, nearly 7 months old, just beginning to lay. One cockerel, 6 thoroughbred white Minorcas, 17 thoroughbred Pekin ducks, four months old, 11 bronze turkeys, six months old, 12 thoroughbred Rhode Island Red pullets, 1 new walking plow. Three and one-half miles west of Anaheim on Ball road. MRS. JAMES EMERY. Opposite Inglewood Ranch, Anaheim, R. D. Route 1 Box 78. BIG 5-CENT SPECIAL of Rockingham and yellow kitchen utensils. Four sizes in mixing bowls, tea pots, pitchers, plain and fluted nappies. The above are of the best grade of Rockingham earthenware and worth many times the price we ask. On sale Saturday at 2 P. M., 5 cents each. Not more than two to a customer. See display windw at the 5-10 to 35-cent Store. NOTICE I will offer for sale at auction at the high school ball grounds on Saturday, November 8, at 2 o'clock P. M., seven head of good milch cows and two head of horses. This is all good stuff. Come and buy them at your own price. A. MUCKENTHALER. ANAHEIM GAZETTE REAL FACTS ABOUT YOUR TAXE Total Tax $1.70 Actual Tax .84 6= Maintaining City Government. This ACTUAL tax (maintaining city government) is by far the EST TAX RATE OF ANY INCORPORATED CITY OF ORANGE CO Actual Tax Maintaining City Government. 84 6= This ACTUAL tax (maintaining city government) is by far the EST TAX RATE OF ANY INCORPORATED CITY OF ORANGE COUNTY. Santa Ana (Dry) - $ .89⅓ Orange (Dry) - .97 Fullerton (Dry) - 1.00 Stanton (Dry) - 1.00 Huntington Beach (Dry) - 1.00 ANAHEIM (WET) the only city in the county which for several years has had NO DELINQUENT TAXPAYERS - .84 6-10 The law limits the maximum tax rate to $1.00 per hundred on a valuation, EXCLUSIVE of bonded indebtedness and maintenance of l hence the only exact method of determining the actual expense of m ing city government is to ascertain the tax rate levied for that purp clusive of any and all bonded indebtedness. Anaheim Taxpayers' Le FIVE MILLIONS TO HANDLE THE OIL ROYAL DUTCH-SHELL COMBINE TO INVEST VAST SUMS IN CALIFORNIA PETROLEUM Pipe Lines and Refineries To ing to a statement made in a speech of Sir Marcus Samuel to stockholders of the Shell Transport and Trading Company at a recent meeting at London. Samuel is chairman of the board of directors of the Shell company, which is the British end of the big European combine. The meeting was held to consider the issue of new capital stock, which is to consist of 367,964 ordinary shares at £3 5s per share, plus 1s for interest and 50,000 preference shares at par. Samuel stated that the production of the properties purchased by the Royal Dutch-Shell combine in California amounts to approximately 18,000 barrels a day. "If we proposed to TO HANDLE THE OIL ROYAL DUTCH-SHELL COMBINE TO INVEST VAST SUMS IN CALIFORNIA PETROLEUM PIPE LINES AND REFINERIES TO BE BUILT IN VARIOUS FIELDS WITHIN SHORT TIME About $5,000,000 is what the Royal Dutch-Shell combine will spend in California to provide facilities for handling oil and for development, accord- Samuel is chairman of the board of directors of the Shell company, which is the British end of the big European combine. The meeting was held to consider the issue of new capital stock, which is to consist of 367,964 ordinary shares at £3 5s per share, plus 1s for interest and 50,000 preference shares at par. Samuel stated that the production of the properties purchased by the Royal Dutch-Shell combine in California amounts to approximately 18,000 barrels a day. "If we proposed to handle this production in the same fashion as the vendors did there would be very little in the deal we have made, except that we are profoundly convinced that the present price of oil of this quality in California can not re- Notice to the Public Notice is hereby given that the Olive bridge is closed for repairs by order of the Board of Supervisors of Orange County, and will not be opened until further notice. WM. SCHUMACHER Supervisor Third Dist. Anaheim, Cal., Nov. 5, 1913. ORGANIZATION ASSISTS THE GROWERS G. HAROLD POWELL TELLS OF ITS ADVANTAGE TO THE CALIFORNIA CITRUS MEN GOOD PRICES MAINTAINED AND SECURITY FROM LOSS IS AS-SURED BY ORGANIZATION. The citrus industry of California represents an investment of about $200,000,000. There are 200,000 acres of oranges, lemons, and grapefruit in the state, and it costs about $1,000 an acre to bring the groves into bearing. In a normal crop year 45,000 carloads, or 18,000,000 boxes of fruit are shipped, more than 90 per cent of which is produced in a comparatively small area in southern California. The growers are an unusual class of men, many of them being progressive farmers from the East, lawyers, merchants, doctors, and business men who have moved to the West to engage in horticulture. Twenty years ago the growers produced about 5,000 carloads of oranges. They sold the fruit, as most farm crops are sold even now, to local buyers or to representatives of distant firms, or it was consigned on commission to markets from 1,500 to 3,000 miles away, the only returns in this latter case frequently being bills for freight and selling charges. The buyers would purchase when there was a chance to make money; at other times the grower would assume the risks of distribu- Twenty years ago the growers produced about 5,000 carloads of oranges. They sold the fruit, as most farm crops are sold even now, to local buyers or representatives of distant firms, or it was consigned on commission to markets from 1,500 to 3,000 miles away, the only returns in this latter case frequently being bills for freight and selling charges. The buyers would purchase when there was a chance to make money; at other times the grower would assume the risks of distribution or would have to sell at a sacrifice. Sometimes the local buyers divided the territory and did not compete with each other or they fixed a maximum price to be paid for the fruit. Under either of these systems of suppressed competition the grower became helpless. These were known as the "red-ink" days in the California citrus industry. With 5,000 carloads of fruit to market annually, the growers thought that overproduction stared them in the face and the stability of the industry was questioned, but the real trouble came through bad distribution of the fruit and an inadequate local system of handling it. Since the distribution of California citrus fruits has been organized the retail prices have been much more stable, and, considering the quality, they have been much lower. The reasons for these changes, as given by G. Harold Powell, are first, the fruit is distributed by the producers to the jobbers on a merchandising basis rather than by brokers or buyers who secure the fruit at the point of production, and, second, the distribution is systematized; consequently, the supply in the different markets is regular, and the jobbers, being able to secure regular supplies, sell the fruit quickly at a small margin, making a small profit on a large number of sales rather than a larger profit on a small number. When a perishable product is grown 1,500 miles from the center of distribution and is distributed on a speculative basis, the jobbing trade can ever be sure of regular supplies and consequently the jobbers and brokers charge a higher price to cover the risks; but when the producer eliminates speculation and the distribution is regular, the product becomes a staple merchandising article, and the jobber, the retailer, and the vender turn it over quickly at a small profit. When a crop is systematically distributed the consumer may share in the benefit of a co-operative organization, but where the product of such an organization is sold to buyers at the place of production, or where the producers send the crop or commission to handle it in culticulture. Christmas is coming and wise shoppers have begun already to look around and get a line on what they want and where to get it at the lowest price and be sure of the best quality. Now is the time to shop at leisure. You are under no obligation to buy we are glad to show you anything in the store. We have the largest stock we ever had and our prices are the lowest you can find anywhere for goods of quality. Remember: What Roberts says it is IT IS. Theo. Roberts JEWELER At the Sign of the Big Clock ANAHEIM Shell combine in producing properties in the state now amount to about $17,000,000. A deal for the Mays Consolidated, involving over $1,000,000, has been closed since the Lonodn meeting, and the total output of the combine is now between 19,000 and 20,000 barrels daily. Its yield is only surpassed by that of the Standard, the Union-Agency, the Kern Trading and Oil Company and the Associated, the output of the last-named being only a little larger. When its marketing facilities are perfected the combine will be in a position to put California oil on as broad a basis as any of the other companies mentioned, but when the producer eliminates speculation and the distribution is regular, the product becomes a staple merchandising article, and the jobber, the retailer, and the vender turn it over quickly at a small profit. When a crop is systematically distributed the consumer may share in the benefit of a co-operative organization, but where the product of such an organization is sold to buyers at the place of production, or where the producers send the crop on commission or handle it in small units through brokers, the consumer does not share in the benefit which results from organized distribution and may pay more than formerly. The only advantage of co-operative organization in this case is the lower cost of preparing the product for market and the ability to sell in large quantities. Aside from the purely business nature of the California fruit growers' organizations, Mr. Powell regards them as the strongest factors in the upbuilding of rural life in the citrus districts of California. They exert a force in a rural community which an unorganized industry cannot possess. The people, he says, learn the value of co-operative activity, and this extends to every phase of country life. A business organization under the control of the producers is the strongest factor that can be brought into any agricultural community. Such organizations may purchase supplies, spray or fumigate orchards or protect them against frost injury, and work together to develop everything that betters the communities in which they exist. The citrus fruit growers' organizations have been a strong influence in the development of better schools, in the building of county and state roads, and in securing state appropriations for investigational and educational purposes.