anaheim-gazette 1910-10-27

MAKING OF FORECASTS How Farmers May Utilize the Special Warnings of the Weather Bureau The operations of the Weather Bureau are based entirely on observations of the weather taken at the same moment of time at about 200 observations throughout the United States, and telegraphed daily to the central office at Washington, D.C., and to many important cities throughout the country. These observations, comprising barometric pressure, temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds, are entered upon outline charts of the United States by means of suitable symbols, forming the "daily weather map," from which the forecasts are made. By far the most important work of the service is the issue of the daily forecasts of the weather for every state in the union, as well as special warnings of the storms or hurricanes, of frosts, cold waves, heavy snows and floods whenever circumstances require them. The morning forecast, which is the most important and receives the widest distribution, can not be given to the public much before 10 a.m. (seventy-fifth meridian time), since it is based on the 8 a.m. observation, and about two hours are required for the transmission of the telegrams from points covering so wide an extent of territory as the United States, and for the preparation of the charts and forecasts. The morning forecast covers the periods ending at 8 p.m. of the following day. The special warnings are usually issued from twenty-four to thirty-six hours in advance, though flood warnings for important cities near the lower courses of the that protective measures have been devised. The special rainfall warnings in the interest of the raisin and prune drying industries of California may be cited as the best example of the benefits derived from the work of the weather bureau. California supplies nearly the entire demand of the United States for raisins. In nearly all the interior valleys during August, September, and October the conditions are ideal for drying the fruit in the open, owing to the clearness of the sky and the dryness of the atmosphere, but occasionally sudden rains come up which may do great damage to the drying fruit. The local conditions in the fruit drying regions are such, however, that the infrequent late summer and autumn rains can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy. Through the cooperation of the railroads and the telegraph companies, the special rain warnings receive very wide distribution, so that every drier in the affected region will receive them in ample time to save his crop. The lack of climatic statistics regarding severe winters in Florida led to the extension of orange-culture above the normal northern limit, and when several severe freezes occurred the failure to apply protective methods since shown to be capable of greatly reducing the damage resulted in the diminution of the yield of oranges in Florida from 6,000,000 boxes in 1894 to 75,000 in the year following. Since then methods of protection have been carefully studied and applied. The immensely valuable citrus fruit interests of California also need protection. On the other hand, special industries have been developed in which great financial gain results from ex- enty-fifth meridian time), since it is based on the 8 a.m. observation, and about two hours are required for the transmission of the telegrams from points covering so wide an extent of territory as the United States, and for the preparation of the charts and forecasts. The morning forecast covers the periods ending at 8 p.m. of the following day. The special warnings are usually issued from twenty-four to thirty-six hours in advance, though flood warnings for important cities near the lower courses of the larger rivers are sometimes issued a week or more in advance. Besides the main office at Washington, subordinate forecast centers exist at Chicago, New Orleans, Denver, San Francisco, and Portland, Oreg. Every possible means is taken to distribute the forecasts and warnings as promptly and as widely as possible. They are first telegraphed to about 2300 principal distributing points, whence they are further disseminated by telegraph, telephone, and mail (forecast cards, rural free delivery slips, the weather map, and largely through the medium of the daily news papers). The rural telephones and the rural free delivery service are the means whereby weather information may best be placed promptly in the hands of the agriculturists; any farmer who is in communication by telephone with a central exchange should be able to have the information telephoned to him daily without cost. Indeed, many farmers have installed telephones in their homes chiefly to be able to obtain the forecasts. In 1907 there were more than 1600 telephone companies co-operating with the weather bureau in distribution of the weather forecasts. In addition, the distribution by railways telegraph lines and railroad train service reaches nearly 3000 places. The number of postoffices or addresses receiving the forecasts by weather maps and cards in 1908 was 76,154, and by rural free delivery slips, 58,008. Probably the total number of persons in the United States to whom the weather forecasts are available is more than 4,000,000 and is increasing. Besides this, all the daily newspapers carry the weather predictions and important weather information. In Florida and other states all the railways make a very effective distribution of cold-wave warnings by the sounding of four long blasts from the engine. The whistle thus gives a prompt warning to farmers several miles distant from the railway. Of these stations on rivers display the odds since shown to be capable of greatly reducing the damage resulted in the diminution of the yield of oranges in Florida from 6,000,000 boxes in 1894 to 75,000 in the year following. Since then methods of protection have been carefully studied and applied. The immensely valuable citrus fruit interests of California also need protection. On the other hand, special industries have been developed in which great financial gain results from extending the growing period of crops beyond the normal limit. In these industries success frequently depends on the application of protective measures to prevent injury by cold or storms. Early strawberries and the truck crops in the states bordering the south Atlantic and Gulf coasts are examples, the profits depending very largely on rushing the crops to northern markets as early as possible. Methods of protecting deciduous fruit also are now extensively employed in many states. The weather bureau has published from time to time important papers on the subject of preventing damage by frost, among which may be mentioned a pamphlet by Hammon, a rather complete resume of the subject by Professor Garriott in Farmers Bulletin 104, and a bulletin on frost fighting by Professor McAdie, of the San Francisco office. These bulletins should be carefully studied, as they give the scientific principles of frost formation and describe in considerable detail the practical methods of preventing loss. A good deal of self-help is possible in determining whether frost will actually occur. The formation of the land, by controlling local air currents, often brings about the formation of frost in certain portions of a farm while neighboring slopes are exempt. The owner of an orchard should study thoroughly the "lay" of his land and find where the "cold spots" are located and where the danger will be greatest. The possession of a reliable psychrometer is essential. This consists of two thermometers fastened to a board and attached to a stout cord, by means of which they can be whirled in the air. One thermometer has its bulb covered with a thin piece of muslin. Before an observation the muslin is wet with water. On whirling the thermometers until there is no further change in the readings, it will be found that usually the wet bulb thermometer shows a lower temperature than the dry-bulb. From this limits too small this city should not distance its hull unavoidable, dissatisfied cattle yards contrary. The Pacific has agreed to moth Thirteenth street to the factory and payrolls will cover Beach as will all other business. "The building mean an annual nine hundred thousand employees will pay one-half dollar system—so dollars—and you fifteen thousand fore beginning we must have bonds for this at an election possible." President Gay Beach company granting the right company and price assume five thousand needed feated. Others,the amount petitions were a committee a man when within fifteen thousand to be paid bonds were deferred in the bounds er, that the vv Beach will deliver which for so slowly gives them brings to their industrial enterprise double the chic a few months. The objective citizens predeed were easily cid statement and his absolute city will reap age to its busi to whom the weather forecasts are available is more than 4,000,000 and is increasing. Besides this, all the daily newspapers carry the weather predictions and important weather information. In Florida and other states all the railways make a very effective distribution of cold-wave warnings by the sounding of four long blasts from the engine. The whistle thus gives a prompt warning to farmers several miles distant from the railway. Often steamers on rivers display the cold-wave flag with great advantage to farmers living near the streams. Other important information collected by the weather bureau is made public through the medium of published reports, such as the Cotton-Region Bulletin, issued at many subordinate stations, which gives temperature and precipitation in the cotton belt during the growing season; other bulletins are also issued. Such, briefly, is the nature of the information made available to the public through the operations of the weather bureau. The farmer who happens not to be receiving the forecasts and warnings and who desires to share the benefits derived therefrom may communicate directly with the Chief of Bureau at Washington, D.C., or with the nearest weather bureau office. Special warnings are amplifications of the general forecasts which bring to public notice the advent of special weather conditions that may endanger agricultural interests, affect work of transportation companies, or destroy vessels at sea. The special rainfall warning, the frost warnings, and even the cold-wave warnings are exclusively or very largely beneficial to the agriculturalist, and it is especially with reference to those crops most likely to be injured by rain or cold This consists of two thermometers fastened to a board and attached to a stout cord, by means of which they can be whirled in the air. One thermometer has its bulb covered with a thin piece of muslin. Before an observation the muslin is wet with water. On whirling the thermometers until there is no further change in the readings, it will be found that usually the wet bulb thermometer shows a lower temperature than the dry-bulb. From the difference between the two readings by the aid of suitable tables, the dew-point can readily be ascertained. Under certain conditions the determination of the dew-point will give valuable information as to the probability of frost. A simple thermometer will also be useful to find the coldest portions of the orchard, and to measure the rise in temperature caused by firing, smudges, etc., thus giving a standard of the effectiveness of the methods of protection tried. Since cold air is heavier than warm air, during frosty nights the cold air will flow down the slopes to low places, rendering frost more likely to occur at such points or in streaks along the ground. This is what Professor McAdie refers to when he states that "the formation of frost is primarily a matter of air drainage." So much is this the case that in hilly or mountainous countries frostless belts are formed, of which a description will be found in Farmers Bulletin 104. Therefore truck crops and orchards should not be placed on low ground, but better on hillsides, in order to secure a circulation of air. Windbreaks properly placed on the west or northwest side of the orchard will be useful. It has also been found beneficial to plant groves in ANAHEIM | GAZETTE A FOURTH SUGAR FACTORY Holly Sugar Men Meet Huntington Beach Residents A number of leading citizens of Huntington Beach gathered at the office of T. B. Talbert and company to hear the plans of the Holly sugar company of Colorado in regard to erecting a beet sugar factory in that city made public. President Gates of the Huntington Beach company, Mayor Manning, City Trustees Seely and Helme and W. T. Newland and A. L. Reed were among those who heard the details of the great enterprise, which will mean so much to the city, discussed. Mr. Manning was chosen chairman of the meeting and City Attorney Rush M. Blodgett acted as secretary. President W. M. Wiley of the Holly sugar company, in response to the call of the chairman, spoke first and said: "My company stands ready to begin at once the building of a one thousand ton sugar factory, costing approximately one million dollars, in Huntington Beach at a site already selected, near the junction of Twenty-third street and the tracks of the Pacific Electric railway, about a mile from the city limits. We found the suggested site within the city limits too small and the people of this city should not desire the location of the factory within so short a distance of its homes, because of the unavoidable, disagreeable odors of the cattle yards connected with the factory. The Pacific electric railway has agreed to run a direct line up Thirteenth street, past the highschool to the factory and all trade from our payrolls will come to Huntington Beach as will also our banking and all other business." The building of the factory will BASEBALL FANS AND PLAYERS, ATTENTION A word to the wise is sufficient. It has been a very plain fact that there has been a germ spreading around that has attacked some of the fans and players alike and that is "crabbing," otherwise known as "rag chewing." To the players I would like to say, "cut it out," as no ball team can play ball without harmony. It has been noticed that when the players are not talking back at each other they are after either the fans or their opponents, and as a last resort the umpire "gets his." Now, players, when you are not satisfied take your troubles direct to either the captain or manager, as both are fair-minded boys and will try and do justice. Keep cool-headed and always remember you are all gentlemen. Now, fans, while we all have the welfare of the team at heart such actions as happened during the past three weeks do more harm than good, as the fair-minded fan soon becomes disgusted and will not attend and his rooting little bit is missed. Fans, let the boys handle their own game on the field and continue to root and remain cool and set an example to boys. Now, a very few words in regard to expenses. Anybody can readily see that the manager cannot bring a team here without considerable expense, namely,the car fare for 11 men and dinner; two balls every Sunday; gloves, bats, the printers's bills, and ground expense. And as he is not able to secure material here in Anaheim, he has to pay car fare for some outside players. This all counts up. At the last three games the crowds have been good and yet from information I find there is just 65 cents left over from the games' collections. Now the boys work hard to give you Sunday FAVORS HARBOR BONDS San Francisco Merchants Association Makes Appeal In the interest of fair play the Gazette publishes the following communication from the Merchants Association of San Francisco in favor of the proposed harbor bonds. The Gazette has referred to these bonds at various times during this campaign, and has pointed out the unwisdom of purchasing the India basin as well as the extension of the San Francisco seawall, when only a small portion of San Francisco's present seawall is now in use. In order to give both sides of the case we print the following, which we have received from the merchants' association of that city: "Vote for all the harbor improvement bond issues at the general election November 8th. They will not increase your taxes one cent. "Vote yes for the San Francisco harbor improvement act, providing $9,000,000 of bonds for the improvement of San Francisco harbor. "Vote yes for the India basin act, providing $1,000,000 of bonds for the acquisition of a tidal basin at Islais creek. "Vote yes for the San Diego seawall act, providing $1,500,000 worth of bonds for the improvement of San Diego harbor. "None of these moneys will be expended for city property. All the money is used to acquire and improve property for the state of California." "The state and the tax payers will not pay one cent of these bonds. The two bond issues for San Francisco, amounting to $10,000,000 will all have to be repaid, principal and interest, out of the harbor improvement fund which is created by tolls and other charges on the shipping in San Francisco harbor and is not raised from this city should not desire the location of the factory within so short a distance of its homes, because of the unavoidable, disagreeable odors of the cattle yards connected with the factory. The Pacific electric railway has agreed to run a direct line up Thirteenth street, past the highschool to the factory and all trade from our payrolls will come to Huntington Beach as will also our banking and all other business. "The building of the factory will mean an annual expenditure of fully nine hundred thousand dollars in this city and its immediate section. Our employes will live in Huntington Beach—we promise to discharge them if they are so foolish as to live elsewhere when they can ride directly to and from their work by residing in this city. "You have in this section an ideal climate and a magnificent country for growing sugar beets. My company asks only one thing of your city — that an outfall sewer system be built here to carry our sewage and that of the entire city to the ocean. We will pay one-half the cost of the sewer system—about thirty thousand dollars—and your city will have about fifteen thousand dollars to spend. Before beginning work on the factory we must have the assurance that the bonds for this amount will be voted at an election to be held as soon as possible." President Gates of the Huntington Beach company spoke in favor of granting the request of the sugar company and pledged his company to assume five thousand dollars of the amount needed if the bonds were defeated. Others present rapidly made the amount ten thousand dollars and petitions were circulated Saturday by a committee appointed by the chairman when without difficulty a pledge of fifteen thousand dollars was secured to be paid if the proposed sewer bonds were defeated. It is not within the bounds of probability, however, that the voters of Huntington Beach will defeat the bond issue, which for so small an amount not only gives them a sewer system but brings to their city a million dollar industrial enterprise, calculated to double the city's population within a few months. The objections presented by several citizens present to the site selected were easily overcome by the lucid statements of President Wiley, and his absolute assurance that that city will reap every possible advantage to its business and growth from out considerable expense, namely, the car fare for 11 men and dinner; two balls every Sunday; gloves, bats, the printers' bills, and ground expense. And as he is not able to secure material here in Anaheim he has to pay car fare for some outside players. This all counts up. At the last three games the crowds have been good and yet from information I find there is just 65 cents left over from the games' collections. Now the boys work hard to give you Sunday amusement, and should receive a little for their trouble. The brand of ball they put up is worth at least 25 cents, so let each fan drop two bits in the hat and when the manager can get enough ahead to put up seats on side lines without digging in his jeans he will do so. Now, fans, do not knock; boost and help out both ways. Be generous. Yours truly, A FAN BIRD AND FROG FRIENDS Should Not Be Killed, for They Destroy Insect Pests Once upon a time there was a man who lived alone upon a plantation where he might have raised good crops if it had not been for the myriads of insects which destroyed his fruit and grain. One day, when he was looking in despair at his ruined fields, a bird and a toad said to him: "Let us come and bring our friends to live with you and we will save your harvest." So the man said, "Come." For a long time all went well. More birds came and sang in the tree tops. Tiny toads hopped about the fields in the refreshing summer showers. But the man forgot how his friends had saved him, and he grew careless of their comfort. He allowed gunners to shoot the birds for their beautiful feathers, and the toads could find no place where it was safe for them to stay. Then the birds and toads said: "We will go away and leave you because you have been unkind to us. Others may come to take our places. If you will drive them away as you have driven us away, you will die. Listen, before it is too late." But the man laughed to think that his life could depend upon such significant creatures, and he paid no heed to their words. The years went on and the fields lay bare and desolate under the summer sun. In the deserted cabin was no sound or sign of life. pended for city property. All the money is used to acquire and improve property for the state of California. "The state and the tax payers will not pay one cent of these bonds. The two bond issues for San Francisco, amounting to $10,000,000 will all have to be repaid, principal and interest, out of the harbor improvement fund, which is created by tolls and other charges on the shipping in San Francisco harbor and is not raised from general taxes. "The San Diego bonds will likewise be paid from the San Diego harbor improvement fund, which is created in the same way. "The income from the water front in San Francisco today is $1,100,000 per annum, and is steadily increasing. "The property of the state on the San Francisco water front, which it is proposed to improve, is today worth at least $100,000,000. "The present seawall in San Francisco and the Ferry building were built out of bond money, and did not cost the people of the state one penny. The same will be true of the new bond issues. "The law requires that these bonds be paid out of the harbor improvement funds, and they cannot be sold unless the revenues of the harbor permit the sale. "As our harbors are improved, the people of the state everywhere benefit by it. "Remember, the improvements are made on state property and belong to the state, and that the people do not pay for the bonds. They are paid for by the shipping. "The Merchants' Association of San Francisco." UP WENT PRICE OF GIRLS What Happened When Gipsy Band Raised the Figure All was peace and harmony Friday afternoon when a detail of police arrived at Forty-second and State Sts. East St. Louis, in response to a telephone message from some unidentified citizen announcing a general fight in a gypsy camp at that point was in progress. Not finding any fight, the police made an investigation and then found the trouble was over the purchase price of a girl, Mary George, daughter of George George, who is in charge of the camp. It seems that the father had agreeed in some lengthy correspondence with George Smith, a gypsy belonging t BEELL CLUB The Ebell travelers met in regular session on Wednesday at 3 o'clock, Oct. 19. A very interesting and enthusiastic meeting was held. The review topics were: Queen Louise—Mrs. Storm. Treaty of Tilsig—Mrs. Rehwoldt. Sans Sonci—Miss Raymond. Eulogy of Bismarck—Mrs. Dutton. Reign of Frederick III—Miss Rehwoldt. The lecture of Vienna was continued. The various members reading for ten minutes. The next meeting will be November 2d. the vicinity of lakes on account of the ameliorating effect of the water. The citrus fruit growers of Florida have had to contend against very severe freezes, such as are entirely unknown to their brothers in California, who have had to deal mostly with the milder forms of frost. How Much Are Birds Worth? One hundred million dollars is the amount estimated by expert scientific men as saved annually to farmers by the birds. Birds eat insects and seeds of harmful plants. So many birds have been destroyed that insects now cost farmers vast sums in damage and loss of crops. All Kinds of Feathers on Hats Farmers are learning that birds and toads are friends and helpers because ignorance has cost them many dollars. But women continue to wear feathers of all kinds on their hats. They even consider them decorative. Feathers are decorative when the original owner—the live bird—wears them; but they mean destruction of crops, cruelty and barbarity when worn by women and girls. Toads Are Worth $20 Each Twenty dollars is what the United States government says each toad is worth to the man on whose land the toad lives. Flies, bugs and worms are the chief of his diet, and he has been known to catch eighty-six flies in ten minutes. Miss Jones isn't looking at all like herself this evening. Oh, no—she never does. The father refused and Smith announced that he would go back to Arkansas. He suggested to the man that $25.80 for expenses should be paid to him on account of the broken contract. Then the trouble began, and when it was over more than $25.80 was needed for a doctor's fee to patch up the near-bridegroom. He had been hustled away before the police arrived. It is said that a gypsy from Alabama has agreed to pay $2500 for Mary and that when he arrives, within a few days, there will be a gypsy wedding. Tom—Is your engagement a secret? Ted—No; the girl knows it. MONEY TALKS I AM YOUR BEST FRIEND HERES ANOTHER MONEY TALK. IF YOU PUT YOUR MONEY in the BANK YOU WILL HAVE IT WHEN YOU NEED IT. you keep your horse in a good stable, why not keep your money in a bank where fire nor burglars cannot harm it. MAYER ROTHSCHILD, born in Frankfort, Germany, in 1743, and founder of the Great Rothschild fortunes—the greatest on earth—peddled from house to house when a boy. He saved his money. Economy and INTEREST at low rates made this great fortune. Make OUR Bank YOUR Bank. First National Bank of Anaheim Electric Power Is The Cheap Power Because: Cost of installation is less; labor for operating is saved; less floor space is required; friction and wear and tear are reduced to a minimum; repair bills are obviated; injury to building by vibration is eliminated; there is no loss in the shafting and pulleys; no energy lost in getting started; always ready; always reliable; service is always perfect. Southern California Edison Co. Electric Power Is The Cheap Power Because: Cost of installation is less; labor for operating is saved; less floor space is required; friction and wear and tear are reduced to a minimum; repair bills are obviated; injury to building by vibration is eliminated; there is no loss in the shafting and pulleys; no energy lost in getting started; always ready; always reliable; service is always perfect. Southern California Edison Co. H. H. Gardner Co. HEADQUARTERS FOR Ice, Hay, Grain, Coal, Wood, Oil and Gasoline, Poultry Supplies, Stock Foods & Tonics, Yorkshire Hero Peas, Onion Sets and Cabbage Seed. A TRIAL ORDER WILL CONVINCE YOU. C. B. HALLEY, - MANAGER, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA. PHONES. HOME 1542. MAIN 91. Nagel's Hardware 136 E. Center St., Anaheim, Cal., handles everything in light and heavy Hardware, Garden Hose, Garden Tools, Poultry Wire, Screen Wire, Lawn Mowers, Oil Stoves, Gas Stoves, Plates and Ranges, Refrigerators, Ice Cream Freezers, Queensware, Glassware, Tinware, Graniteware, Cooking Utensils, and a full line of Paints and Oils. A. NAGEL 136 E. Center St., Anaheim, California Temporary Heat Quickly Did you ever stop to think of the many ways in which a perfect oil heater is of value? If you want to sleep with your window open in winter, you can get sufficient heat from an oil heater while you undress at night, and then turn it off. Apply a match in the morning, when you get out of bed, and you have heat while you dress. Those who have to eat an early breakfast before the stove is radiating heat can get immediate warmth from an oil heater, and then turn it off. Temporary Heat Quickly Did you ever stop to think of the many ways in which a perfect oil heater is of value? If you want to sleep with your window open in winter, you can get sufficient heat from an oil heater while you undress at night, and then turn it off. Apply a match in the morning, when you get out of bed, and you have heat while you dress. Those who have to eat an early breakfast before the stove is radiating heat can get immediate warmth from an oil heater, and then turn it off. The girl who practices on the piano in a cold room in the morning can have warmth from an oil heater while she plays, and then turn it off. The member of the family who has to walk the floor on a cold winter's night with a restless baby can get temporary heat with an oil heater, and then turn it off. PERFECTION SMOKELESS OIL HEATER Absolutely smokeless and odorless is invaluable in its capacity of quickly giving heat. Apply a match and it is immediately at work. It will burn for nine hours without refilling. It is safe, smokeless and odorless. It has a damper top and a cool handle. An indicator always shows the amount of oil in the font. It has an automatic-locking flame spreader which prevents the wick from being turned high enough to smoke, and is easy to remove and drop back so that the wick can be cleaned in an instant. The burner body or gallery cannot become wedged, and can be quickly unscrewed for rewicking. Finished in Japan or nickel, strong, durable, well-made, built for service, and yet light and ornamental. Dealers Everywhere. If not at yours, write for descriptive circular to the nearest agency of the Standard Oil Company (Incorporated) Subscribe FOR The Gazette