anaheim-gazette 1909-09-23

INTERESTS, OR THE PEOPLE? BATTLE ON BETWEEN CORPORATIONS AND THE MASSES Conservation Commission, Appointed by Roosevelt, Legislated Out Of Office by Congress—Hostility to Forest Policy Finds Supporters In High Places—Momentous Question (Contributed to The Gazette) Congress, though urged by the president, will not establish a national conservation commission. The president appoints such a commission and asks for it a paltry appropriation of $50,000, but receives no response. Instead, Congressman James A. Tawney of Minnesota, appears with his amendment to the Sundry Civil bill, rushes it like lightning through both houses, and behold, the Conservation Commission, with numerous other similar and valuable bodies, is outlawed. All of which proves again that congress can enact legislation when it so desires, but that it is discriminating as to the character of legislation. Next, the Conservation Commission comes forward with its epoch-making report, but the house committee on printing, Charles B. Landis of Indiana, chairman, refuses to report favorably the senate resolution providing for printing it. Finally, the senate prints a paltry 2400 copies, chiefly for members of the two houses, and a congressional mailing list, and the report is thereby virtually suppressed. What does it all mean? As Mr. Pinchot so well said at Spokane, "The easiest way to hide a real issue always has been, and al- dially thereafter established, in adopting that Homestead law—that the public domain and all its resources belong to all of the people to come, take and use." The meaning of such expressions as these is unmistakable. Between the position taken by Mr. Pinchot in the language first quoted, and that taken by the league, there is a great gulf fixed. They are polar opposites. They no more agree than do plus and minus, or fire and water. Mr. Pinchot proposes that these reserves shall be handed down as a national heritage. The Public Domain League propose that every resource pertaining to the public domain shall pass into the ownership of the individual. The advocates of forest reserves believe that the public domain and all its resources, in so far as it may be deemed wise to set these aside in the form of national forests, belong to all the people, collectively. The league, instead adheres to the principle that the public domain and all of its resources belong to all of the people to come, take and use, individually. The conservationists believe in maintaining a public property in certain selected portions, at least, of the public domain. The Public Domain League believes in turning the whole of this public domain into private property as quickly as may be. The conservationists believe in limited collectivism; the league, in unlimited individualism. The irrepressible conflict between the viewpoint of the conservationists and that of the public domain league is further shown by the proposal, above quoted, that our prosperity shall be accelerated through the full sway of our national characteristic, namely, individualism. In his Outlook editorial of March 20 last, page 619, Theodore Roosevelt points out that absolute individualism other members of congregation in congratulates strongly on occasion. Congressman writes a letter so far prepared that he has it as a special message. Senator Hughes says that I hear objects of the National League." Congressman can safely trust my power to publish by your declares. Congressman telegraphs: I am with the aims of league as set forth association. And there are no Why the Spokane As to the invocation kane controversy received. Personally but the real issue Graft. there motion strikes deepences may, and institutions of law; is not in this case The real issue issue of mine are ancient question aspect: that, nay against the people The public do people. The if are resolved to b In this domain mineral deposits priceless worth. By accident, it yet discredited printing, Charles B. Landis of Indiana, chairman, refuses to report favorably the senate resolution providing for printing it. Finally, the senate prints a paltry 2400 copies, chiefly for members of the two houses, and a congressional mailing list, and the report is thereby virtually suppressed. What does it all mean? As Mr. Pinchot so well said at Spokane, "The easiest way to hide a real issue always has been, and always will be, to replace it with a false one." But the real issue in this case shall not be hidden. Let the facts testify. For years, the hostility to the forest policy centered in Denver. It was there that the Public Lands Convention of June 18-20, 1907, was held. In Denver a year later came another outburst of hostility to governmental "great feudal estates," "paternalism," "bureaucracy and landlordism." In Denver there now exists "The National Public Domain League," with constitution and by-laws, membership fee, office, press bureau and the other paraphernalia of present-day propaganda. The literature of this body is sufficiently abundant to make plain its viewpoint. That there may be no mis take about this, typical extracts are here given. On one occasion Mr. Pinchot seems to have used the following very proper language: "These reserves will be the remnant of the vast empire that lay beyond the Mississippi which can still be handed down as a national heritage after all the rest of the public lands worth having become private property." To the National Public Domain League this expression operates as a red rag flaunted in the face of an angry bull. The sentence is quoted over and over again as a complete betrayal of the sinister motives of the Federal "feudal baron," and is carrying with it its own refutation and the final and utter condemnation of its author. Again, the Forester is reported to have said: "In my judgment it is a perfectly fair and right thing for any man who comes and takes property belonging to all the people, which because he has it, somebody else cannot have, that he should make a return ofism; the league, in unlimited individualism. The irrepressible conflict between the viewpoint of the conservationists and that of the public domain league is further shown by the proposal, above quoted, that our prosperity shall be accelerated through the full sway of our national characteristic, namely, individualism. In his Outlook editorial of March 20 last, page 619, Theodore Roosevelt points out that absolute individualism would not be compatible with civilization at all. That every step toward civilization is marked by a check on individualism. He continues "The ages that have passed have fettered the individualism which found expression in physical violence and we are now endeavoring to put shackles on that kind of individualism which finds expression in craft and greed." In seeking to ensure the full sway of our national characteristic, namely, individualism, the public domain league is harking back to a past as dead as that of chattel slavery. If the writers of the league but knew the alphabet of history, if only they were in faintest touch with the great movements of the modern age, led by far-off New Zealand but represented in every progressive country of the world, notably in England,Germany and France, and more feebly yet certainly, expressed by the great awakening in Russia, Turkey and Persia, they would know that the race has outgrown unrestricted individualismus certainly as, in the fulness of time, it outgrew feudalism. Governor Pardee, at Spokane, well said: "Countless graves have been filled, countless children orphaned and count less widows made by individualism since the history of the world began. Caesar was an individualist. Napoleon was an individualist. But is the time not ripe when individual rapacity shall be checked and kept in order and regulated so it will not further oppress the people and take away from future generations the things that ought to be of right the property of all the people of the country?" Yet the program whereby every natural resource pertaining to the public domain shall pass into the ownership of the individual, is exactly what unrestricted individualism implies and demands. In its individualistic frenzy, why The real issue of mine and ancient question is aspect: that, naming against the people. The public do people. The idea are resolved to be. In this domain mineral deposits priceless worth. By accident, it yet discredited it ident came into contact with the interests of the public. For once, functional history, this identity who knew. Again, a case ministrators and dent listened to. He recognized lation such as on the people would every foot of the dollar's worth of ed thereby. He was brought that by fair means rapidity inconvenience was passing the few. He realized come to act,and He launched cities," including of the National sage of the Reck pointment of the Commission, foll al Conservation ing of the White Governors,and can Conservation meeting was pre-to-be-forgotten o Conservation Co. Men say,"But body believes in Plenty of natural resources provided this prereference with their own But can conserv without clashing terests of somebe Look, for exact yesterday coal their distance f at $10 or $20 per logical Survey in a value approxi value. These values $300,even $500 p A single unbro betrayal of the sinister motives of the Federal "feudal baron," and is carrying with it its own refutation and the final and utter condemnation of its author. Again, the Forester is reported to have said: "In my judgment it is a perfectly fair and right thing for any man who comes and takes property belonging to all the people, which because he has it, somebody else cannot have, that he should make a return of some kind to the people. The time of free land, free timber, free everything, has gone by." This declaration also, repeatedly quoted, fires the blood and rouses the ire of the Public Domain League. What the National Public Domain League wants is shown by such declarations as follows: It is declared to be "the duty of every citizen to urge the fullest possible liberality on the part of the government in passing the lands and their resources into the hands of bona fide citizens." "Exactly the same principle is involved relative to every natural resource pertaining to the public domain, in that they shall pass, in an equitable manner, into the ownership of the individual, in order that that tremendous resource, ever incident to the west, viz., 'opportunity,' may continue as an incentive to bring into our citizenship the best people of the land, and our prosperity be accelerated through the full sway of our national characteristic, viz., 'individualism.'" "The League is opposed to the principle that the public domain and all its resources 'belong to all the people,' in the sense that those words were used by President Buchanan in 1860, in his message vetoing the Homestead Bill; but the league adheres to the national principle imme- and regulated so it will not further oppress the people and take away from future generations the things that ought to be of right the property of all the people of the country?" Yet the program whereby every natural resource pertaining to the public domain shall pass into the ownership of the individual, is exactly what unrestricted individualism implies and demands. In its individualistic frenzy, why does not the league go the limit, and embrace the doctrines of Herbert Spencer and the other anarchists, philosophical or what not? Spencer was an individualist and, being such, he dared to be, for the most part, logical. He demanded not only that government should cease interfering with the operations of individuals so long as they maintained his equal rights principle—specious, but unworkable under his scheme—but that the schools, postoffices and even the mints should be turned over to individuals for their private operation. Yet despite his prodigious intellect, Spencer, as a political teacher, was recognized in his own country, years before his death, as "a voice crying in the wilderness." Mr. Roosevelt on the other hand, has all history behind his declaration that "every step toward civilization is marked by a check on individualism." But does the National Public Domain League represent anybody? Let it speak for itself. In its Bulletin No. 2, it says: "All but one of the Colorado congressional delegation, the chairman of the public lands committee of congress, three Colorado state senators, and many of our most prominent near-by citizens," are members. The solitary exception is that of Senator Guggenheim. From all the ANAHEIM GAZETTE other members of the Colorado delegation in congress the league publishes strongly commendatory correspondence. Congressman John A. Martin writes a letter so full and carefully prepared that the league has published it as a special bulletin. Senator Hughes wires: I wish to say that I heartily endorse the objects of the National Public Domain League." Congressman Taylor writes: I am in hearty accord with the league and with your object, and shall be more than pleased to aid in every way possible toward carrying out its purposes. Congressman Ruckter writes: You can safely trust me with doing all in my power to push the results outlined by your declaration of purposes. Congressman Mondell of Wyoming telegraphs: I am in hearty sympathy with the aims and purposes of the league as set forth in the articles of association. And there are others. Why the Spokane Controversy? As to the inwardness of the Spokane controversy, let no one be deceived. Personal feeling may exist; but the real issue is not personal. Graft. there may be, but the question strikes deeper than graft. Differences may, and do exist, in interpretations of law; but as an issue, law is not in this case primary. The real issue is the age-long issue of mine and thine. It is this ancient question in its most modern aspect: that, namely, of the interests against the people. The public domain belongs to the people. The interests want it and are resolved to have it. In this domain are lands, forests, mineral deposits and water-powers of priceless worth. By accident, in an age of rampant yet discredited individualism, a powerful influence in national legislation." On August 14th The Wall Street Journal said editorially: "There are areas of public lands whose value the government has not had time to determine. Many of these tracts are known to private interests to contain enormously valuable deposits of minerals. Other areas will afford splendid opportunity for irrigation enterprises, as to which the government has a policy of its own and counter to which private interests occasionally run." FOREST FIRE STATION Proves Valuable in Watersheds of Sierras [Correspondence of The Gazette.] San Francisco, Sept. 21.—A lookout station has been established on Shuteye Peak in the high Sierras for the purpose of watching for any fires which might occur in the mountains. This peak has an elevation of 8858 feet and the observer commands a view of a large portion of Tuolumne, Madera and Fresno counties. A cabin constructed at the top of the mountain and a telephone line installed, connects with the forest supervisor's office in the valley and the various ranger stations on the Sierra Forest. The observer is equipped with powerful field glasses and when a fire is discovered news is instantly telephoned to the nearest ranger. During the short time the station has been maintained its usefulness has twice been demonstrated by the discovery of fires in remote localities. These were readily extinguished before they could gain dangerous headway, thus saving valuable timber and forage which might otherwise have been devastated had not the fires been discovered in their incipi- VALUE OF PRECIOUS STONES PRODUCTION IN UNITED STATES DECREASED DURING YEAR California and Arizona Make Notable Yield of Turquoise Stone Cut In Los Angeles and Sent to Student at Yale — Diamonds in Arkansas— Imports from Foreign Countries The value of the precious stones produced in the United States in 1903 was $415,063, a decrease of $56,-237 from the value for 1907. These figures, which are in part furnished by the producers and in part based on estimates from the quantity produced, are given by D. B. Sterrett, of the United States Geological Survey, in an advance chapter from "Mineral resources of the United States, calendar year 1908." They are as complete as it is possible to obtain, but there are some gems for which no accurate figures are at present available. The general trade depression appears not to have affected the precious stones industry as much as might have been expected, and production of certain gems, notably turquoise and variscite, was greatly increased over that for 1907. Turquoise and turquoise matrix formed the largest item in the list, the production being 29,590 pounds, with an estimated value of $147,960, from Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and California. The 1907 value was $23,-840. An odd stone recently cut in Los Angeles from a deposit on Ithaca Peak, in Mohave county, Arizona, showed a blue letter Y of turquoise in a gray matrix, this cutting being made possible through the presence of a split turquoise veinlet. The stone was sent to a student in Yale University. The real issue is the age-long issue of mine and thine. It is this ancient question in its most modern aspect: that, namely, of the interests against the people. The public domain belongs to the people. The interests want it and are resolved to have it. In this domain are lands, forests, mineral deposits and water-powers of priceless worth. By accident, in an age of rampant yet discredited individualism, a president came into power who cared for the interests of the common people. For once, furthermore, in our national history, the country had a president who knew the great West. Again, a case too rare among administrators and rulers, this president listened to a wise counsellor. He recognized that, with a population such as ours is and is to come the people would need, and need soon every foot of this domain and every dollar's worth of the value represented thereby. He was brought to see, however, that by fair means and foul, and with rapidity inconceivable, this vast estate was passing into the hands of the few. He realized that the time had come to act, and he acted. He launched the "Roosevelt policies," including the vast enlargement of the National Forest area, the passage of the Reclamation law, the appointment of the Inland Waterways Commission, followed by the National Conservation Commission, the calling of the White House Conference of Governors, and of the North American Conservation conference, at which meeting was promulgated the never-to-be-forgotten call for the World's Conservation Congress at The Hague. Men say, "But these things everybody believes in." Hold, not so fast. Plenty of people are willing that natural resources shall be conserved provided this process does not interfere with their own private interests. But can conservation be carried far without clashing with the private interests of somebody? Look, for example, at coal. Till yesterday coal lands, according to their distance from a railroad, sold at $10 or $20 per acre. Now the Geological Survey is placing upon them a value approximating their market value. These values range up to $100, $300, even $500 per acre. A single unbroken coal vein eighty-with powerful field glasses and when a fire is discovered news is instantly telephoned to the nearest ranger. During the short time the station has been maintained its usefulness has twice been demonstrated by the discovery of fires in remote localities. These were readily extinguished before they could gain dangerous headway, thus saving valuable timber and forage which might otherwise have been devastated had not the fires been discovered in their incipiency. The Forest Service is planning to establish several other similar stations in the Sierras which will virtually command the entire range of mountains and in this manner remove the necessity for constant patrol on the part of the rangers scattered all through the hills. Much of the rangers' time can now be devoted to trail and other improvement work without interfering with their availability for fighting fires, and the nervous strain under which many of the men labored when constantly patrolling has been materially reduced. WHO GETS THE TARIFF? The Lemon Grower or the Railroads, Senator Flint? San Bernardino, Cal., Sept 15.—It is announced that on Nov. 1 the trans continental rate on lemons will be raised from $1 to $1.15 per hundred pounds. Citrus growers express the conviction that the increased rate will result in a fierce struggle between the shippers and railroads before the Interstate Commerce Commission. They say the raise means a loss of $2,000,000 a year, and deprives them of all the benefits they expected when congress raised the tariff on lemons. Under the law, the roads must give thirty days' notice to shippers of a proposed increase. After the increase goes into effect shippers can appeal to the commission, but the new rate continues in force until the commission renders a final decision. If the rate on oranges is raised it would mean an additional loss of $7,000,000, a stake worth fighting for. It was a bonnie fight which Senator Flint put up for the increased lemon tariff, from a cent to a cent and a half per pound. Who gets this tariff, Senator, the railroads or the lemon grower? Is it not about time production being 29,590 pounds, with an estimated value of $147,960, from Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and California. The 1907 value was $23,-840. An odd stone recently cut in Los Angeles from a deposit on Ithaca Peak, in Mohave county, Arizona, showed a blue letter Y of turquoise in a gray matrix, this cutting being made possible through the presence of a split turquoise veinlet. The stone was sent to a student in Yale University. Tourmaline was the next largest item in point of value, the production being 3200 pounds, with an estimated value of $90,000, from California, Connecticut, and Maine. In 1907 the production was 2140 pounds, valued at $84,120. The bulk of the 1908 production came from California; at Mesa Grande a perfect tourmaline weighing 55 carets after cutting was obtained. The third item in the list, sapphire, showed a great decrease from 1907,the production in 1908 having an estimate value of $58,397. as against $229,800 in the earlier year. The greater part of the 1908 output came from a single mine in Fergus county, Mont., but a small quantity was obtained in Morgan county, Mo. The production of diamonds from Arkansas, though not a large item, is of interest because this was the first locality in North America where diamonds were found in place. The first diamond was discovered August 1, 1906, about 2 1-2 miles southeast of Murfreesboro, Pike county, in periodite, an igneous rock. The production from this locality in 1907 had an estimated value of $2800. In 1908 the production was 362 stones, with an estimated value of $2100. It is reported that over 700 diamonds have been found up to July 1, 1909. Three cut stones were found to be brilliant and were valued at $60 to $175 per carat. A parcel of rough, unsorted stones from the mine will be easily worth $10 per carat. The possibilities of cheap mining in Arkansas are great, as water and timber are abundant near by and coal should be obtained at reasonable rates. Some diamonds are reported to have been found also in a newly discovered peridotite area about 1-2 miles northeast of the original locality. The imports of precious stones in 1908 were 57 per cent less than in 1907 and 69 per cent less than in 1906. The total value of the 1908 imports was $13,700,404, of which $9,270- But can conservation be carried far without clashing with the private interests of somebody? Look, for example, at coal. Till yesterday coal lands, according to their distance from a railroad, sold at $10 or $20 per acre. Now the Geological Survey is placing upon them a value approximating their market value. These values range up to $100, $300, even $500 per acre. A single unbroken coal vein eighty-four feet in thickness, the lands over which, until Secretary Garfield's time, were held at $20 per acre, now represents millions to the government. A single township which, under the old practise, would have sold at less than half a million dollars, is now held at $8,000,000. Here we have the modern revised version of "the ratio of 16 to 1." Will the business man, intent on bargains in coal lands, approve this kind of conservation? In like manner, immensely valuable forest lands in government possession have been frittered away. The National Forest policy checks this process. How many timber-land speculators may be expected to approve of such conservation? But national irrigation, it may be argued, will interfere with no man's private gains. Be careful. Here again we may jump at conclusions. In his address of welcome at the Spokane meeting, Mayor Nelson S. Pratt said: "And yet, I am not unmindful of the fact that an effort to enlist the aid of the general government to the extent that the reclamation proposition shall be undertaken by the United States government generally, will be met by the most strenuous opposition from some of our money centers, by men who in the past have been able, as it appears, to wield a NUT GROWERS' CONVENTION The eighth annual convention of the National Nut Growers' Association will be held in Albany, Georgia, October 12-13-14. Last year seventeen States were represented at the annual gathering at Chattanooga; but this year's meeting promises to far exceed any previous one both in interest and attendance. A most interesting program is being arranged for this meeting that will practically cover all phases of nut growing. There are more pecan orchards within seventy-five miles of Albany than within any other equal area in the world. PUMPING PLANT PITS All kinds of wood or brick well pit and cesspool work done in a prompt and workmanlike manner. Old pits repaired. Rates reasonable. Call on or address Ben Cook, Anaheim, Cal. Residence corner Santa Fe and Char-tres streets. For Sale: Fine driving and work horses. Wickersheim Implement Co. Palace Stables J. HAHN, Prop'r. First class turnouts of all kinds. Boarding by day, week or month. 201-203 South Los Angeles St., Anaheim, Cal. Phones: - Main 391, Home 1671. F. BACKS Undertaker Dealer in Furniture, Wall Paper Cornices, Window Shades, Picture Frames Upholstery Goods, Palnts, Oils, and Glass Sewing Machine Supplies Corner Los Angeles and Chartres Sis PRECIOUS STONES IN UNITED STATES DURING YEAR Arizona Make Notable Turquoise Stone Cut In and Sent to Student Diamonds in Arkansas—from Foreign Countries of the precious stones in the United States in 1903, a decrease of $56.2 million for 1907. These stones are in part furnished by and in part based on esculent quantity produced, D. B. Sterrett, of the Geological Survey, in an order from "Mineral resourced United States," calendar they are as complete as so obtain, but there are no accurate figures available. The depression appears not used the precious stones such as might have been production of certain turquoise and variscite, increased over that for turquoise matrix for first item in the list, the long 29,590 pounds, with value of $147,950, from Mexico, Nevada, and the 1907 value was $23.3 million recently cut in from a deposit on Ithahoave county, Arizona, the letter Y of turquoise matrix, this cutting being through the presence of veinlet. The stone student in Yale Univer- OWN YOUR HOME Many of the most substantial fortunes are made by the advance in prices of real estate. If you own your own home you not only save in landlord's profits but take advantage of any increase in the value of the property. Begin at once to save money to buy a home. 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