anaheim-gazette 1909-08-26

CLASSIFYING PUBLIC LANDS SYNOPSIS OF GEORGE OTIS SMITH'S ADDRESS Director of Geological Survey Gives Information Before National Irrigation Congress—Descriptions Based on Field Examinations (Contributed to The Gazette) We have pleasure in reproducing the following synopsis of an address delivered by George Otis Smith, director of the United States Geological Survey, made before the National Irrigation Congress at Seattle last week. The necessity for classifying the public lands is not a recent discovery. The earliest land legislation in this country both contemplated differences in the quality and character of the public lands and planned for descriptions based on field examination. Yet even the honest administration of the land laws has ever been subject to criticism arising from the fact that no adequate provision was made for land classification. A period of national awakening to the worth of the public domain followed the close of the Civil War and another epoch of realization by the nation of the true source of its wealth and prosperity has just opened, while both the legislative and executive branches of the Federal Government are awake to the fact that exact knowledge is essential to the proper utilization of our country's great resource of land. The earlier propaganda bore fruit in the creation of a scientific bureau among whose functions was the classification of the public land, but this specific duty was subordinated to the more general task of cultural entry about two and a half million acres in Colorado, Wyoming and Montana and placed selling prices on nearly 400,000 acres of coal land with an aggregate valuation of over $15,000,000. The price of Government coal land is now determined on the basis of estimated tonnage, the unit rate varying with the quality of the coal from 1-2 cent to 3 cents a ton for coal deposits within 15 miles of a railroad. These prices average less than one-tenth the usual royalty paid in the West. Yet this conservative valuation will more than double the average price of public coal lands. In exceptional cases the price based on tonnage represents a fifteenfold increase over the old minimum price. It is conceded that this policy of basing the price on the quantity and quality of the article sold will not encourage purchase by speculators, but I maintain that the Government valuation will not impede the disposition of the coal deposits for purposes of utilization. The real development of the West will be promoted, not retarded. The increased valuation of the millions of acres of public coal land must result in increased contributions to the Reclamation Fund and greater possibilities for local utilization of the agricultural lands through irrigation. A principle that is winning increased recognition in land legislation is that of relative worth. The present coal land law expresses this principle by giving gold, silver and copper deposits priority over the coal, and the coal in turn preference over agricultural values. These distinctions necessitate land classification based on adequate field examination. Wherever the different values can be separated that separation by appropriate legislation is at once the easiest and best solution of the problem, and the first step in this direction was taken in New York, August 18th, the thought of Uncle Neptune's nuptial plumes of mine butchered in the mining young, thousands have joined a move against such a display seized by the customs city, which the government ordered to be sold every state in these communications had by the National Association Societies at its Broadway, offering action to prevent in the bloody liners who are insisting step. By and law enforcement butchers, the Empire responsible in this making the governors these spoils of murk it is declared. While these costly today held here attest to be auctioned off whose women custome the barbaric trophies, hundreds of in this city and they try are organizing this national sham Audubon workers at the National Federation clubs is already a nation of the true source of its wealth and prosperity has just opened, while both the legislative and executive branches of the Federal Government are awake to the fact that exact knowledge is essential to the proper utilization of our country's great resource of land. The earlier propaganda bore fruit in the creation of a scientific bureau among whose functions was the classification of the public land, but this specific duty was subordinated to the more general task of determining the natural resources of the public domain. The duty of classifying the remaining unentered public lands is now definitely accepted by the United States Geological Survey and the opportunity earlier neglected has for several years been vigorously improved. The Survey is heartily cooperating with the General Land Office to the end that the best disposition of the land may be secured, and it should be noted that no small part of the data utilized in this work represents the fruitage of the Survey's earlier general investigations. Utilization is the keynote of the present public land policy and by utilization I mean not that kind of local development that is promoted by the "land skinner," but rather a development whose plan weighs national needs and calculates future demands and whose accomplishment will serve our country's development in the next century as well as in the present decade. Utilization is opposed to both non-use and waste. A notable example of land classification in aid of proposed legislation is afforded by the Acts of March and October, 1888, wherein Congress directed that an irrigation survey should be made by the Geological Survey and that the reservoir sites and irrigable land designated as a result should be reserved pending further legislation. The legislation of 1888 was itself the logical outcome of Major Powell's 1879 report on the arid lands and his subsequent work as Director of the Geological Survey and the law that eventually resulted from the work thus authorized in 1888 was the Reclamation Act of 1902, through the operation of which the West is coming into its own as the garden of the nation. Hydrographic and topographic surveys which are now in progress under instructions of the Secretary of the Interior have as their purpose the collection of information that may be that of relative worth. The present coal land law expresses this principle by giving gold, silver and copper deposits priority over the coal, and the coal in turn preference over agricultural values. These distinctions necessitate land classification based on adequate field examination. Wherever the different values can be separated that separation by appropriate legislation is at once the easiest and best solution of the problem, and the first step in this direction was taken in March of this year in the passage of the Mondell Act whereby the home-seeker may secure all for which he makes entry—all that he swears he is getting—while the coal beneath his tillable land is reserved to the nation for future disposal. The ideal land classification is that based on field examination, scientific and detailed enough to include every natural resource; the ideal land legislation is that which fully recognizes the principle of relative worth; and the ideal land administration is that which will assure the reservation or the disposition of the land for its highest use. SULPHUR-CURED FRUIT TEST Students at the University to Settle Controversy by Exclusive Test The Department of Pathology of the State University is about to put the theories of Dr. E. W. Wiley, the chemist of the United States Department of Agriculture, regarding the effects of sulphured fruit on the human system to a practical test through the agency of a class of twelve student volunteers. The proposition is to feed the class largely on a sulphur-cured fruit diet. The class is to be composed of students and co-eds taking the pre-medical college courses. These students will receive a monetary compensation and be boarded free of charge during the period of the experiment. The test will be made under direct supervision of Dr. A. E. Taylor, head of the pathological department, and the results obtained will be submitted to a Board of Referees consisting of Dr. Taylor, Professor Ira Remsen, Johns Hopkins University; Professor Russell H. Chittenden, Yale; Dr. John H. Long, Northwestern University, and Dr. C. A. Harter, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. The report it is declared. While these costly today held here at to be auctioned off whose women custome the barbaric troop nets, hundreds of it in this city and thtry are organizing this national sham Audubon workers in the National Federation clubs is already a many sportsmen's granges, whose m birds to protect than to become therew few Broadway mil al friends and ap life money has be voted to fighting commercial backing with a staff of law Sam to traffic mother birds much. Plans to preventibility of the gov by the sale of t from the backs o with young, are ad in this city. Stai clals are to be at urgency of their d and every effort m in states where la point to obtain le sale of egrets officials. In New larly, the officials ththe chief cause gement for reversing to destroy the con es, will be urged able action to previ this national dis Empire State. "We are in this butchery to stay, cher, president ol ciation of Audubo headquarters, 14 though the millin have won a temp sisting that our in these trophies butchery of mother their young to sta country will be se bat this disgrace tion. Now that th up to the econom bird protection w shall soon rally th truly patriotic ch and his subsequent work as Director of the Geological Survey and the law that eventually resulted from the work thus authorized in 1888 was the Reclamation Act of 1902, through the operation of which the West is coming into its own as the garden of the nation. Hydrographic and topographic surveys which are now in progress under instructions of the Secretary of the Interior have as their purpose the collection of information that may be presented to Congress in aid of legislation looking toward the best utilization of the water powers on the public domain. Reports on the mineral or non-mineral character of coal, oil, and phosphate lands of which the Survey has made actual field examination are now being transmitted to the General Land Office. Another line of activity is the segregation of non-irrigable lands under the terms of the "enlarged homestead act" of the present year. The existence of Survey data whereby within the few months since the passage of this law the Secretary of the Interior has been able to designate 162 million acres is in itself a forceful argument for an adequate land classification. The classification and valuation of coal land is a special phase of public land work to which the Geological Survey is giving increased attention. The geologic investigations of the last three field seasons have not only furnished a knowledge of the quantity and quality of the coal on the public domain but have rendered possible the present policy of obtaining coal prices for coal lands. The General Land Office now depends on the Geological Survey to furnish detailed valuations for every 40-acre tract of coal land that is placed on the market. In the two and a half months following the adoption of the revised scheme of valuation the reports to the General Land Office released to ag- charge during the period of the experiment. The test will be made under the direct supervision of Dr. A. E. Taylor, head of the pathological department, and the results obtained will be submitted to a Board of Referees consisting of Dr. Taylor, Professor Ira Remsen, Johns Hopkins University; Professor Russell H. Chittenden, Yale; Dr. John H. Long, Northwestern University, and Dr. C. A. Harter, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. The report of the board will be forwarded to Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson. The object of the test is to settle the contention that has risen between the fruit growers of this state and Dr. Wiley, growing out of the condemnation by the latter of sulphuring fruits in the process of curing for the market. At present the practice is tolerated by the Secretary of Agriculture pending the submission of evidence by the fruit growers that dried fruit so cured is positively harm less, a result which they are confident will be shown by the practical test about to be made. It is something extraordinary that an objection should be raised at this late day against the use of sulphur on the ground that it is a poisonous substance, when it is in evidence that generations unnumbered of the Anglo-Saxon race have been raised on a regular spring diet of sulphur and molasses for the purification of the blood. Nobody prior to Dr. Wiley's taboo of sulphur ever raised his voice against its use by the millions of mothers and grandmothers for the benefit of their offspring. However, it may be assumed in advance that the scientific test which is about to be made will put an absolute quietus to this particular crochet of Dr. Wiley, whose peculiar bent of mind seems to detect poison in almost every form of prepared food consumed by human beings. The accounts owe local collector at Edison Electric Investigator by auditor for an apparent show has been discovered part of the case. Parker has no office since early ditor has given can Bonding Co., surety on that the bonding responsible for a Parker's account. It is said that there are all or nearly selected by him since he was last what appeared in est collections werer in his desk. Within the days his disappearance noted about Park Redondo to take months ago. Milk delivered daily to all pups further informa phone 1852. T. V. Before you go sure to buy your linix'. TO FIGHT BIRD SLAUGHTER PEOPLE PROTEST UNCLE SAM'S AUCTION OF EGRETS States Roused To Seek Protective Laws—Farmers Join Movement Against Milliners—Halt Called Upon Massacre of Unprotected Mother Birds New York, August 22.—Shocked by the thought of Uncle Sam selling the nuptial plumes of many mother birds, butchered in the midst of their starving young, thousands of Americans have joined a movement of protest against such a disposal of the egrets, seized by the custom house in this city, which the government has just ordered to be sold here. From almost every state in the union scores of communications have been received by the National Association of Audubon Societies at its headquarters, 141 Broadway, offering support and urging action to prevent putting the nation in the bloody business of the milliners who are insisting upon this humiliating step. By its lax legislation and law enforcement against the bird butchers, the Empire State is alone responsible in this instance for thus making the government traffic in these spoils of murdered motherhood, it is declared. While these costly heron plumes are today held here at the custom house to be auctioned off to the milliners, whose women customers still call for the barbaric trophies in their bonnets, hundreds of wives and mothers in this city and throughout the country are organizing to protest against this national shame. Backing the Audubon workers in this movement the National Federation of Women's clubs is already arranged as well as INDIAN WIRELESS SYSTEM How the Red Man Kept Informed of Approach of Strangers For a long time early travelers through tropical South America were at a loss to know why the Indians at the villages along the streams were all ways prepared for them, seeming to know the number of their party,the number of their canoes, and even the destination, and it now develops that these savages had solved the problem of immediate communication to their own satisfaction and for their own daily use and comfort. For years the problem puzzled travelers, but an interesting letter written by Charles C. Eberhardt of the consular service, now in the archives of the Smithsonian Institution, explains the system of the Indian "Marconi." "It is a well-known fact," says Mr. Eberhardt, "that the North American Indians of the great plains communicated with each other over long distances. Theirs, however,was a sight system of signaling, usually by smoke in daytime and fire by night. Such a system was impossible for the Indians of tropical South America because of miles of dense forests in a country of no mountains or eminences of any great height. By exercising their ingenuity, however,a system of signaling by sound, crude in a way and yet very effective,has been perfected among them,by which they communicated with each other though many miles apart. "The apparatus consists usually of two logs about 6 and 7 feet long,and 12 and 15 inches in diameter of a wood similar to 'the corkwood,'of which the balsas,or huge rafts,commonly used on the river,are made.By means of hot stones two holes connected by a long,narrow canal,solution, as effective results were produced as could be obtained by inserting the poison into the fruit. The experiments for extermination of squirrels also resulted in the death of a considerable number of rabbits,and in other experiments it was found that poisoned oats proved very effective in killing both jacks and cotton-tails. Green alfalfa was also used with good results for the same purpose. The Best Cuts of MEAT Can be had here any time. We don't reserve them for a favored few and compel the others to take what is left. First come is first served in this market. We believe in giving everybody a square deal. Also in selling the very best meat we can get hold of at the prices possible. Try us with an order. CITY MARKET F. W. FLEISCHMANN. Prop. Odd Fellow's Bldg., Center street Sunset Phone 201 CEMENT PIPE Building Stone, Fence Posts W. A. HUNTER FULLERTON Phone me for all information. Prices right and all work guaranteed. O. FULDE An old German Watchmaker and Jeweler is located at 113 East Center Street, (Near Hart's Place) where you can find anything in the Jewelry line at The Lowest Possible Prices While these costly heron plumes are today held here at the custom house to be auctioned off to the milliners, whose women customers still call for the barbaric trophies in their bonnets, hundreds of wives and mothers in this city and throughout the country are organizing to protest against this national shame. Backing the Audubon workers in this movement the National Federation of Women's clubs is already arrayed, as well as many sportsmen's organizations and granges, whose members want the birds to protect their crops rather than to become the dead wares of a few Broadway milliners. From several friends and appreciators of bird life money has been sent to be devoted to fighting the milliners, whose commercial backing has enabled them with a staff of lawyers to urge Uncle Sam to traffic in these scalps of mother birds much against his will. Plans to prevent any further possibility of the government profitting by the sale of these egrets, torn from the backs of butchered females with young, are already being made in this city. State and federal officials are to be at once warned of the urgency of their duty in this matter, and every effort made by the people in states where laws are lax on this point to obtain legislation for bidding the sale of egrets by government officials. In New York State particularly, the officials whose attitude was the chief cause given by the government for reversing its former decision to destroy the contraband heron plumes, will be urged to take every possible action to prevent a repetition of this national disgrace through the Empire State. "We are in this fight against bird butchery to stay," said William Dutcher, president of the National Association of Audubon Societies, at its headquarters, 141 Broadway. "Although the milliners may appear to have won a temporary victory in insisting that our government traffic in these trophies of the wholesale butchery of mothers who must leave their young to starve, we believe the country will be soon aroused to combat this disgrace to the whole nation. Now that the people are waking up to the economic importance of bird protection we feel sure that we shall soon rally to our support every truly patriotic citizen of America." SQUIRRELS AND GOPHERS Poisoning Campaign Begins on National Forests Interesting results have just been announced by the Forest Service as a result of the campaign conducted in Southern California by Stanley E. Piper, Expert of the Biological Survey of the Department of Agriculture, to exterminate ground squirrels and system of signaling by sound, crude in a way and yet very effective, has been perfected among them, by which they communicated with each other though many miles apart. "The apparatus consists usually of two logs about 6 and 7 feet long, and 12 and 15 inches in diameter of a wood similar to the corkwood, of which the balsas, or huge rafts, commonly used on the river, are made. By means of hot stones two holes connected by a long, narrow canal are burned into the logs, and through these holes the logs are later hollowed out by the same process and by scraping. "By leaving different thicknesses of the wood and by pasting with rubber different articles inside the log, the sound is regulated, much on the same principle as in the body of a violin. Usually four sounds or notes are produced by hammering, one from each side of the vertical canal on each log, the logs being suspended by rope-like vines from a tree or from a frame built especially for the purpose. The larger log, from which emanates deeper tones, is called the "male" and the smaller one the "female." The person who signals stands between the logs, holding in each hand a "beater" made of a piece of wood covered at one end with a ball of crude rubber and not unlike a large drumstick. The strokes are usually given very rapidly, producing deep, booming sounds, which are heard for miles around. "Stories vary as to the distance to which the sound penetrates, but in my own experience I have known of a message being received at a distance of approximately fifteen miles. The contrivance, among the greater part of the Hulttooes of the Peruvian region, is called manguree, though others know it by the name of huara, while among many tribes of the region of the Northern Amazon it is called tundoy." SHORT IN HIS ACCOUNTS The accounts of Charles H. Parker, local collector at Santa Ana for the Edison Electric Company, have been investigated by T. M. Trott, traveling auditor for the corporation. That an apparent shortage of about $300 has been discovered, is admitted on the part of the company. Parker has not been seen at the office since early last week. The auditor has given notice to the American Bonding Company of Los Angeles, surety on the bond of Parker, that the bonding concern will be held responsible for any shortage found in Parker's accounts. It is said that Parker's shortages are all or nearly all of monkeys collected by him within a day or two since he was last seen. Stubs for what appeared to have been his latest collections were found in a drawer in his desk. Within the day or two previous to his disappearance signs of worry were noted about Parker. He came from Redondo to take the position several months ago. Milk delivered in sealed jars twice daily to all parts of the city. For further information ring up Home phone 1852. T. W. Jackson. aug1. Before you go on your vacation be sure to buy your kodak films at Mullinix'. SQUIRRELS AND GOPHERS Poisoning Campaign Begins on National Forests Interesting results have just been announced by the Forest Service as a result of the campaign conducted in Southern California by Stanley E. Piper, Expert of the Biological Survey of the Department of Agriculture, to exterminate ground squirrels and gophers. Extensive experiments were tried to determine the best means to kill off these destructive little animals, and it was found that most effective results were obtained by using poisoned green or ripening barley heads. The squirrels are exceedingly fond of this green herbage, and eagerly ate the poisoned food placed along their runways. Tests were made also with oats, wheat, barley, raisins, prunes, dried apples, and cracked corn, but these did not prove so successful. While green barley proved most successful for poisoning ground squirrels, yet the difficulty of procuring a sufficient supply in all localities led to dried barley grain being tried. The grain was treated with strychnine sulphate, saccharine, and eggs, and although this combination proved very destructive to the squirrels, it had practically no effect upon doves and quail. In fact, a deliberate attempt was made to poison these birds at their watering places, but no bad effect resulted. The poisoned grain was also used in fields grazed over by sheep and produced no ill effects whatever. The experiments also proved that gophers were partial to raisins and dried apples, and these were successfully used in the poison experiment. It was found that by sprinkling the apples or raisins with the strychnine... A little money goes a long way Back East Excursions Sample Rates Chicago.....$72.50 New York.....$108.50 Kansas City.....60.00 St. Louis.....67.50 Memphis.....67.50 St. Paul.....73.50 New Orleans.....67.50 Washington.....107.50 Low rates to many other points On Sale—Aug. 9 to 13 inc., Sept. 7 to 10, 13 to 15 inc. Sept. 4 and 5 to Chicago only. Limit—Oct. 31, 1909. Stopover privileges including Grand Canyon and Petrified Forest. Special Event Christian Church Convention Pittsburg, Pa. Oct. 11th to 19th inc. Sale Dates, Oct. 4-5-6. Limit Nov. 30, 1909 Rate - $86 00 For detail information phone or call on J. H. CLABAUGH, Agt. Throop Polytechnic Institute Located in Pasadena, the most beautiful city in California Science Arts Industry COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Academy--Technical and Literary Shop Work for Boys Home Economics for Girls New campus of 20 acres - Send for catalogue Throop Polytechnic Institute Located in Pasadena, the most beautiful city in California Science Arts Industry COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Academy--Technical and Literary Shop Work for Boys Home Economics for Girls New campus of 20 acres - Send for catalogue J. A. B. SCHERER, Ph. D., LL. D., President California Wine Co. F. Conrad & Son, Props. Center Street Anaheim Wholesale Wine and Liquor Merchants Best Brands of Bottled Beer. Delivery Made Everywhere HENSHAW, BULKLEY & CO. 262-64 So. Los Angeles St. Los Angeles IRRIGATION PLANTS INSTALLED COMPLETE MACHINERY of all kinds, including road making machinery, levelers, scrapers, hardpan ploughs, etc. Full stock always on hand. GASOLINE ENGINES CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Low Rates East SOUTHERN PACIFIC ROUND TRIP Via Southern Pacific SALE DATES— ROUND TRIP Via Southern Pacific SALE DATES— Sept. 7 to 10 and 13 to 15, inclusive Return limit 90 days from sale date but not later than October 31, 1909 Some of the rates are: Chicago.....$72 50 St. Louis.....$67 50 New Orleans.....67 50 Memphis.....67 50 Omaha.....60 00 Kansas City.....60 00 St. Paul.....73 50 Toronto.....95 70 Montreal.....108 50 Boston.....110 50 New York City.....108 50 Philadelphia.....108 50 Baltimore.....107 50 Washington.....107 50 Minneapolis.....73 50 Also to other points not specified above. Stop-overs en route and your choice of routes going and returning. One way via Portland, $24.50 higher. Steamship Tickets to All Parts of the World You that are contemplating trips abroad, see me as early as possible, account of space on steamers being taken early this season. For further information call up Southern Pacific Sunset Main 188 or Home 1724 J. M. PICKERING Agent, Anaheim