anaheim-gazette 1909-08-12

FACTS ABOUT EUCALYPTUS UP-COUNTRY EXPERT GIVES VIEWS UPON INDUSTRY Exaggerated Statements Being Made About Eucalyptus Harmful in Results—Companies Having Plantations of Small Trees for Sale Make Absurd Claims—Valuable Data [Written for the Pacific Rural Press by Mr. Leonard Coates of Morganhill.] [Mr. Coates, who is too well known for wisdom and honesty to need induction to our readers, starts his excellent article with a breeze of controversy, but soon gets under way with a better motive power. Mr. Ingham wrote his facts from the point of view of species sufficiently tested for commendation to those who desire to make plantations with reasonable estimates of commercial returns. Mr. Coates mentions others which are promising under experiments likely to be profitable, and therefore worth planting...by those who are willing to take the business risks which he speaks of.. That is all right. What we object to is getting people into wildcat schemes which exaggerate everything and project plantings without mention of business risks—in fact, with claims or even guarantees of returns which are unreasonable. What such guarantees are worth we cannot calculate. Mr. Ingham does not write alone from the trees under his charge at Santa Monica. He has been under instructions for several years to see eucalypts everywhere in the State, and probably no man has gone farther or seen more trees State, from which merchantable logs may be had, seasoned, in any quantity. Why condemn the others unheard, untested? E. diversicolor, E. pilularis, E. resinifera, E. goniocalyx, E. gunnii, and many others are making growth equal to any except globulus and viminalis on some of our plantations in Santa Clara valley. California has three distinct regions more or less suitable to the growth of eucalyptus timber — the coast district, the Sacramento valley, the San Joaquin valley. I do not include, for obvious reasons, certain portions of the State where some species will grow, as the whole question as here reviewed is from the commercial standpoint exclusively. By the coast region I mean the natural timber lands of and about the Coast range: the valleys that, half a century ago, were forests of oak; the hills that were and are forests of redwood and other timber. There is no possible risk in planting eucalyptus groves here, and of many more than four species. This is a vast area, and there is no question whatever but that the future hardwood forests of the United States will be the cut-over redwood lands. The conditions are ideal for permanent forests of eucalypts. Trees planted many years ago in the Santa Cruz mountains are reproducing themselves by seed, which germinates freely where there is a natural leaf mulch and where undergrowth affords protection from wind. I have observed the same thing in groves planted long ago in San Mateo county. About the summer home of Henry Miller, of Miller & Lux, on Mount Madonna, are thousands of eucalypts growing among the brush and timber trees, but rapidly outgrowing and overtopping the indigenous growth; these receive no cultivation exeucalypts, as any must be planted, encourage a strong weak-growing perfect specimen out early, leaving vigorous trees in tion. This cann phasized, although such is the gene that the reverse most growers ex. Good soil and several years after results are to be better of irrigation cording to the regular location, then the method of time of planting. The spring is per time to place ice demonstrate much is gained or fall plowed, first rain, and thereafter as poeded, favors this well hardened area are used, and are selected. The tender, rapidly risky, and one most glaring even been "officially" plants four to ten inches should be seedling of such very few months ed weakling, and be recommended in the field. But planting we see December, 10 days'pts, of three Santa Clara vall Of these less cent have failed wildcat schemes which exaggerate everything and project plantings without mention of business risks—in fact, with claims or even guarantees of returns which are unreasonable. What such guarantees are worth we cannot calculate. Mr. Ingham does not write alone from the trees under his charge at Santa Monica. He has been under instructions for several years to see eucalyptus everywhere in the State, and probably no man has gone farther or seen more trees growing than he has.—Editor.] To the Editor: "Hard facts," with apologies to my friend, Mr. N. D. Ingham, are what need circulating. I refer to the admirable article in the Pacific Rural Press of July 10 by the sylviculturist in charge of the Santa Monica Station. In order to submit a few more facts I will divide these brief remarks into three parts, viz., varieties, conditions, and culture. Concerning varieties, or, more properly, species, I refer first to Eucalyptus globulus, or Tasmanian blue gum. Mr. Ingham says, "The blue gum leads the eucalypts in California because of its rapidity of growth under favorable conditions, the light-colored wood, and high strength tests. This is the lumber tree," etc. This statement should be qualified or added to by the following: The blue gum requires to be grown in the coast region, in deep valley soil, or where it may get the benefit of the moisture-laden atmosphere from the ocean. There is no doubt whatever that exaggerated statements are being made by the promoters of some of the eucalyptus hardwood companies that have young plantations to sell. On the other hand, the official foresters, sometimes very young men, are apt to err on the other side, voicing pessimistic views, in the idea that to warn the public against having its pockets picked is a part of their duty. Any sane person knows that there is an element of risk in any and all business propositions that promise more than the legitimate net interest on an investment, and that that risk increases in direct proportion to the increased rate of interest promised. The Santa Monica Station is as valuable as any forestry station could be for that particular locality, but it is far, very far, from typifying California. There are three great areas which will form the hardwood forest regions of the future, of which I selves by seed, which germinate freely where there is a natural leaf mulch and where undergrowth affords protection from wind. I have observed the same thing in groves planted long ago in San Mateo county. About the summer home of Henry Miller, of Miller & Lux, on Mount Madonna, are thousands of eucalyptus growing among the brush and timber trees, but rapidly outgrowing and overtopping the indigenous growth; these receive no cultivation except hoeing the year they are planted. To plant eucalyptus, or any other economic trees, in remote corners or under adverse conditions, is useful and interesting, but the results must not be construed as necessary rulings for or against planting elsewhere. In this great and fertile valley great forests of eucalyptus may be grown, but the list of suitable varieties is much shorter than for the coast region. The extremes in temperature are very marked, therefore globulus, corynocalyx and many other equally valuable species should not be planted, because of the additional risk involved. I do not, in any of these remarks, refer to restricted localities, but generally and of the whole region under discussion. E. rostrata and E. tereticornis are so far as experience has shown, the best tested, safe species for this section. E. viminalis and E. rudis will grow equally well or faster, but the records do not show them to produce timber of the same value, though useful for rough boarding, etc. There are several others, very valuable as high-grade timber producers, which, by their growth and habits, will no doubt be added to this list. The Sacramento valley was and still is, to some extent, an oak forest or park; it receives a copious winter rainfall. There is no risk whatever in planting eucalyptus here, of those species which will flourish in both the low and high temperatures that exist. The San Joaquin valley is a country of marvelous possibilities, but an unknown quantity—an unknown quantity simply because no one can foresee the results in time from a great system of irrigation, or to what extent any trees or agricultural crops will stand the artificially changed conditions. Twenty-five years ago some portions of the San Joaquin valley were but a desert. Irrigation chan- is an element of risk in any and all business propositions that promise more than the legitimate net interest on an investment, and that that risk increases in direct proportion to the increased rate of interest promised. The Santa Monica Station is as valuable as any forestry station could be for that particular locality, but it is far, very far, from typifying California. There are three great areas which will form the hardwood forest regions of the future, of which I will speak more particularly later on. Eucalyptus rostrata seems to have offended the "experts." A gentleman at the State Fair last year, apparently just out of school, although an "official," had much "spielling" to do against this species, but it is extremely doubtful if he would know it from a odzen others. The fact is that E. rostrata requires heat and plenty of moisture, with a deep soil; no trouble then about a "crooked" growth. E. tereticornis and E. corynocalyx are the two other commercial species, according to Mr. Ingham. E. tereticornis requires similar conditions to rostrata, but E. corynocalyx thrives best nearer the coast, on friable hillsides. These four may be the only species that succeed at Santa Monica, but to make the sweeping assertion that they are the four "sifted down" suited to commercial purposes in California is certainly not correct. E. viminalis may not make as valuable timber as many others, but it is the best grower over the widest area in California, so far as tests have shown, and the lumber is used in Australia for rough boarding, etc. One is apt to forget that only a very few years ago the globulus was considered worthless except for fuel, and it has been "discovered" as a valuable timber simply because it is the only species cultivated generally in the The San Joaquin valley is a country of marvelous possibilities, but an unknown quantity—an unknown quantity simply because no one can foresee the results in time from a great system of irrigation, or to what extent any trees or agricultural crops will stand the artificially changed conditions. Twenty-five years ago some portions of the San Joaquin valley were but a desert. Irrigation changed them into a rich community of orchard, vineyard and stock farms. Since then alkali salts, carried in solution so near the surface, and left there during the process of evaporation under the sun's rays, have in some places caused all these crops to die, and the land is much more of a desert than it was in the beginning. I was, some years ago, one of a committee to report on the reclamation work being done experimentally under the government, and learned much of these hard problems from those who had studied under similar conditions in Egypt. Of course, the problem is to carry off by drainage the surplus alkali, which had been done sufficiently to allow of the growth of alfalfa where previously nothing would grow of any value. E. robusta is another very valuable species, but slighted for no good reason. As it flourishes in sour, swampy lands, and stands without injury a good deal of frost, is a strong and rapid grower, its timber enduring extremely well in the ground, it becomes one of our leading commercial species, in the article referred to, as well as in much also that is published, the very essential point of the selection of suitable soil and location for any given species is apparently ignored, while success or failure actually hangs upon it. Mr. Ingham drives home with commendable energy the "hard fact" that... ANAHEIM GAZETTE eucalypts, as any other forest trees, must be planted close together to encourage a straight growth, but that the weak-growing or otherwise imperfect specimens must be thinned out early, leaving only the robust, vigorous trees for a timber plantation. This cannot be too strongly emphasized, although, strange to say, such is the general misconception of the very first principles of forestry that the reverse is the custom which most growers expect to follow. Good soil and good cultivation for several years are necessary if good results are to be obtained. The matter of irrigation must be decided according to the rainfall in any particular location, the nature of the soil, the method of cultivation and the time of planting. The spring is theoretically the proper time to plant, but actual practice demonstrates the hard fact that much is gained if the land is summer or fall plowed, harrowed after the first rain, and planting done as soon thereafter as possible. Everything, in deed, favors this plan, provided strong, well hardened and well grown plants are used, and that suitable varieties are selected. The planting of small, tender, rapidly grown plants is very risky, and one of the strangest and most glaring errors that has often been "officially" published is that plants four to six and six to eight inches should be used. A eucalyptus seedling of such size is either only a very few months old or it is a stunted weakling, and therefore never to be recommended as being fit to plant in the field. By way of testing early planting we set out, early in last December, 10 acres, or 11,000 eucalypts, of three species, in the main Santa Clara valley, near Morganhill. Of these less than half of one percent have failed to grow, and these with the subject progressively, from stock-feeding to marketing the dairy product. There will be two courses in the dairy work this fall: an eight weeks' course in butter and cheese making and a two weeks' course in the handling of milk and cream for market. For a copy of Circular 44, or for further information, address Dairy Industry, University Farm, Davis, California. O. FULDE An old German Watchmaker and Jeweler is located at 113 East Center Street, (Near Hart's Place) where you can find anything in the Jewelry line at The Lowest Possible Prices Watches and Jewelry a specialty PLUMBING Plumbing Materials WATER SEWER All Plumbing Repairs We Contract to Furnish all the Materials and Do the Work, or Furnish the Materials only Get Our Prices JAMES W. HELLMAN Hardware, Stoves, Etc. WOOD WASTE DECREASING Gratifying Intelligence Which Comes From the Forest Service The waste wood heap continues to diminish and pass away. A Massachusetts manufacturer of brushes recently made a discovery in Maine which supplied him with material exactly suited to his purpose. He went to the Pine Tree State to buy wood for the backs of hair brushes and the handles of shaving brushes, and chanced to visit the yards of a spool maker who was using white birch. The spool man took the white part of the wood only, and was throwing away the red hearts. Thousands of cords had been burned or dumped in the lake to be rid of it. The red hearts were exactly what the brush maker wanted, and at little more than the expense of freight he supplied his factory. This is typical of the trend of manufacturing. Waste of wood is still great, but it is decreasing. What one factory can not use, another turns to profit. Formerly mills threw away half the forest-tops left in the woods, sawdust dumped in streams to pollute them and destroy fish, slabs burned in perpetual bonfires, and defective logs and low grade lumber abandoned as not worth moving. This policy does not generally pre-ten States produced wares valued at $98,494,107, or nearly three-fourths of the value for the whole country. The first five States produced considerably over one-half of the total output. Wyoming has the smallest production, with products valued at $52,282, or only 0.04 per cent of the total. Every State reported common brick the total quantity being 7,811,046,000, valued at $44,765,614; this represents over one-third of the value of all clay products. Illinois is the leading producer of common brick, reporting 1,119,224,000, valued at $4,834,652, or $4.32 per thousand. New York is the second in quantity but first in value, the figures being 1,055,006,000, valued at $5,066,084, or $4.80 per thousand. The average value per thousand ranged from $3.97 in Kansas to $10.33 in Wyoming, with a general average of $5.73. Tennessee comes the nearest to the general average—$5.72. The average value in 1907 was $6 for the whole country. There was a decrease in the value of the common brick from 1907 of $14,079,847, or 23.85 per cent,and the quantity decreased 1,984,652,000, or 20.26 per cent. The only States showing increases in output of common brick were Arizona, Idaho, Nevada, Montana, Oregon, South Dakota and Washington, and of these states Washington showed a decrease in value. Vitrified paving brick is one of the only two products that showed an increase in 1908. This product increased from 876,245,000 in 1907 to 978,122,000 in 1908,a gain of 11.63 per cent; and in value from $9,654.292 in 1907 to $10,657,475 in 1908,a gain of 10.39 per cent. Ohio is the leading State for vitrified paving brick, reporting about one-third of the entire quantity and value. Drain tile is the other product that reported a gain in 1908,the increase being from $6,864,162 in 1907 to $8,-661,476 in 1908,或26.18 per ct. This product finds its largest use in the Middle West-Iowa, Indiana, Ohio, Illinois,and Michigan reporting 89.84 per cent of the total. Fire brick was reported in 1908.to the value of $10,696,216,compared with $14,948,045 in 1907,a decrease of 28.43 per cent.The quantity decreased from 783,017,000 in 1907 to 552,366,000 in 1908,a loss of 29.49 per cent. DAIRY INDUSTRY We Contract to Furnish all the Materials and Do the Work, or Furnish the Materials only Get Our Prices JAMES W. HELLMAN Hardware,Stoves Etc. 157-161 N.Spring St. LOS ANGELES MONEY can be borrowed on more favorable terms from the SAVINGS, LOAN and BUILDING ASSOCIATION OF ANAHEIM than from any similar institution in the State A Home Institution... conducted by home men If you want to borrow money at a low rate to pay off your present mortgage.or to build a home or to improve your present one address or call on Fred A.Backs,jr Secretary Anaheim The Best Cuts of MEAT Can be had here any time. We don't reserve them for a favored few and compel the others to take what is left.First come is first served in this market. We believe in giving everybody a square deal.Also in selling the very best meat we can get hold of at the prices possible. Try us with an order. CITY MARKET F.W.FLEISCHMANN.Pron. Odd Fellow's Bldg.,Center street Sunset Phone 201 CEMENT PIPE Building Stone,Fence Posts W.A.HUNTER FULLERTON Phone me for all information.Prices right and all work guaranteed. Anaheim Bakery Peter Spre.Drop. This is typical of the trend of manufacturing. Waste of wood is still great, but it is decreasing. What one factory can not use, another turns to profit. Formerly mills threw away half the forest-tops left in the woods, sawdust dumped in streams to pollute them and destroy fish, slabs burned in perpetual bonfires, and defective logs and low grade lumber abandoned as not worth moving. This policy does not generally prevail now. Some mills have put in machinery to work up their own by-products, others sell their waste to manufacturers who can use it, as in the case cited in Maine. The properties and uses of woods are now subjects of careful investigation and the problem of turning to account the odds and ends and the by-products is brought more to the front now than formerly. The United States Forest Service has taken up this study in a comprehensive and systematic way. Investigations of the woods of particular states are being conducted, usually in cooperation with the states concerned. The plan, when fully carried out, will include every commercial wood in the United States, not fewer than 200 species. The properties of each will be investigated, its hardness, durability, toughness, elasticity, weight, fuel value, size of tree, regions where grown, the common names by which it is known in different localities, and other matters of this kind. A history of the wood's uses in the past will be given, and an account of present uses; together with suggestions for a wider range of usefulness in the future by pointing out in what capacities it will serve best and be most valuable. Chocolate, strawberry and vanilla ice cream at Mullinix'. Which do you wish? jy22 Circular Issued Giving Work Accomplished at State Farm Circular No. 44 of the College of Agriculture has bene recently issued, and explains the work in Dairy Industry on the University Farm at Davis. Three different courses are described: that for students of the College of Agriculture, that for students of the short courses to be given this fall, during October and November. It is chiefly for the information of those wishing to attend these Short Courses that the circular has been prepared. The Creamery building on the farm is thoroughly equipped as a commercial creamery, and also for all purposes of instruction. The milk-testing laboratory is fitted up with all necessary apparatus for accurate work. All the standard separators, pasteurizer, cream ripener, starter car and the latest patterns of churns insure that the instruction given here shall be in line with the latest developments of dairy industry. An eight-ton refrigerating machine is part of the equipment. Both a steam boiler and a dynamo are installed so that power for operating the machinery may not fail. It is of importance to note that a model dairy barn and a dairy herd are also on the Farm, so that the courses in dairy industry may deal A little money goes a long way Back East Excursions Sample Rates Chicago..... $72.50 New York..... $108.50 Kansas City..... 60.00 St. Louis..... 67.50 Memphis..... 67.50 St. Paul..... 73.50 New Orleans ..... 67.50 Washington..... 107.50 Low rates to many other points On Sale – Aug. 9 to 13 inc., Sept. 7 to 10, 13 to 15 inc. Sept. 4 and 5 to Chicago only. Limit – Oct. 31, 1909. Stopover privileges including Grand Canyon and Petrified Forest. Special Event Christian Church Convention Pittsburg, Pa. Oct. 11th to 19th inc. Sale Dates, Oct. 4-5 6. Limit Nov. 30, 1909 Rate - - - - $86 00 For detail information phone or call on J. H. CLABAUGH, Agt. Throop Polytechnic Institute Located in Pasadena, the most beautiful city in California Science Arts Industry COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Academy--Technical and Literary. Shop Work for Boys Home Economics for Girls Throop Polytechnic Institute Located in Pasadena, the most beautiful city in California Science Arts Industry COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Academy--Technical and Literary. Shop Work for Boys Home Economics for Girls New campus of 20 acres - Send for catalogue J. A. B. SCHERER, Ph. D., LL. D., President California Wine Co. F. Conrad & Son, Props. Center Street Anaheim Wholesale Wine and Liquor Merchants; Best Brands of Bottled Beer. Delivery Made Everywhere HENSHAW, BULKLEY & CO. 262-64 So. Los Angeles St. Los Angeles IRRIGATION PLANTS INSTALLED COMPLETE MACHINERY of all kinds, including road making machinery, levelers, scrapers, hardpan ploughs, etc. Full stock always on hand. GASOLINE ENGINES CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS Low Rates East SOUTHERN PACIFIC ROUND TRIP Via Southern Pacific SALE DATES— LOW RATES LAST ROUND TRIP Via Southern Pacific SALE DATES— August 9 to 13, inclusive. Sept. 7 to 10 and 13 to 15, inclusive Return limit 90 days from sale date but not later than October 31, 1909 Some of the rates are: Chicago.....$72 50 St. Louis.....$67 50 New Orleans.....67 50 Memphis.....67 50 Omaha.....60 00 Kansas City.....60 00 St. Paul.....73 50 Toronto.....95 70 Montreal.....108 50 Boston.....110 50 New York City.....108 50 Philadelphia.....108 50 Baltimore.....107 50 Washington.....107 50 Minneapolis.....73 50 Also to other points not specified above. Stop-overs en route and your choice of routes going and returning. One way via Portland, $24.50 higher. Steamship Tickets to All Parts of the World You that are contemplating trips abroad, see me as early as possible, account of space on steamers being taken early this season. For further information call up Southern Pacific Sunset Main Street or Home 1724 J. M. PICKERING Agent, Anaheim