anaheim-gazette 1909-04-08

ORANGE DECAY IN TRANSIT PROF. POWELL'S EXPERIMENTS THROW LIGHT UPON SUBJECT Fruit Handled Properly In Preparing for Shipment is Immune to Decay—Loss Due to Conditions Easily Prevented, No Difference in Locality Prof. G. Harold Powell, pathologist in charge of the government's investigations into causes for decay in oranges in transportation, is rendering growers a great service in his experimentation to determine the reason for this item of loss. We have already quoted from his recently issued report to the department of agriculture, and again present our readers with excerpts from the volume: The experimental investigation of the causes of decay in oranges has been conducted with a view to determining the following points: 1. The comparative susceptibility to decay of oranges handled in different ways for shipment after holding the fruit in the packing houses in California about two weeks; 2. the comparative susceptibility to decay of oranges handled in different ways for shipment when forwarded to New York under ventilation, icing, and precooling; 3. the comparative susceptibility to decay of oranges handled in different ways and shipped under different conditions, the decay being determined at intervals during a storage of the fruit in a common storage room in eastern markets. Technical investigations in refrigeration, including the development and testing of various methods of results of the packing-house facility referred to indicate that an increase in shipping quality is due to the conditions under which fruit is handled in these areas than to the inherent characteristics of fruit itself. There is practically no difference in the decay in the unbrushed regions. This is keeping quality of the fruit just as it comes from the brushes some difference in their fruit, as the same types are not used in both sections are the brushes always have equal care. When the fruited in clean water the similar, the condition of this case being similar and able. There is some difference in decay in the mechanical fruit and in the oranges with dirty water, as the nature of jury and the amount of blush the dirty water were comparable. These differences are no greater than occur in different experiments dling the same type of fruit same house. In order to compare the of the brushing of the fruit similar conditions, the tests in each section using kind of brush have been gathered. In the upper valley cay from brushing the fruit per cent and in the coast per cent, or practically the suit. The packing-house cate that an orange with skin is not more likely to grown in the coast region similar orange grown in one of the orange belt and tharlar line of handling produc Technical investigations in refrigeration, including the development and testing of various methods of cooling the orange for shipment and a determination of the changes in the temperatures of cars during the transcontinental trip when shipped under different methods, such as ventilation, icing, and precooling, have also been made. The primary object of the experiments with oranges stored in packing houses was to determine, under conditions that permitted the growers and packers to see the results, the comparative susceptibility to decay of fruit that had been handled in different ways. A secondary object was to determine the comparative amount of decay in oranges handled similarly in different regions of the citrus-fruit belt. The method of conducting these experiments was to select a quantity of apparently sound oranges from the picking boxes just as they were received from the grove, designating this lot as "unbrushed;" another lot of apparently sound fruit that had been run through the brushing machine and selected from the packing bins was designated as "brushed;" a third lot selected from either the drying rack or the packing bins, or that had been especially washed, was designated as "washed," and a fourth lot, in which each orange showed a visible injury, such as a clipper cut, punctures of various kinds, or other abrasions, was designated as "mechanically injured." In 1907 a comparison was made between the amount of decay of oranges washed in clean water and fruit washed in dirty water, similar to that used in commercial washing, or in clean water in which some blue-mold spores had bee mixed. Several boxes of fruit of each lot were packed at one time and the fruit was left in the packing house together. In the upper valley cay from brushing the fruits per cent and in the coast cay per cent, or practically the sult. The packing-house cate that an orange with skin is not more likely to drown in the coast region similar orange grown in one of the orange belt and thus lar line of handling produces results in the different region. The difference that occurred amount of decay in different or in different houses in the region is due primarily to variations under which the fruits dried. In the coast region it has been washed, while the fruit per-valley districts has been in a dry-brushed or unbrushed condition. Since these inventories began, representative bureau of plant industry have casion to look into the many sections where the frieped unusually large amounts cay. In every case the cause trouble has been found to be the conditions under which has been handled, including fluence of such matters as with which the scale insects control in the groves, the capacity of the directors of association, the ability of the house foreman, the system ling labor in the groves and houses, the efficiency of the sanitary conditions in ting-houses, and the kind of house equipment. Wherever conditions have been bad has acquired the reputation of ing fruit that has poor shipping, and wherever these cays have been favorable to the handling of the fruit there is no trouble with its condition rival at destination. By these remarks it is noted to convey the impression that the widest difference in tity, in the time of maturity, the color of oranges of differences and in different groves same section. There is pro abrasions, was designated as "mechanically injured." In 1907 a comparison was made between the amount of decay of oranges washed in clean water and fruit washed in dirty water, similar to that used in commercial washing, or in clean water in which some blue-mold spores had bee mixed. Several boxes of fruit of each lot were packed at one time and the fruit was left in the packinghouse for about two weeks, when it was examined for decay in the presence of growers and shippers. These experiments were started in 1905 in 6 houses. In 1906 they were carried on in 15 houses and in 1907 in 31 houses. The experiments were usually begun in January and extended into April. The work of the three years has shown that the orange as it comes from the tree in sound condition seldom develops decay and that brushing, washing, and the mechanical injury of the fruit in handling are followed by more or less loss, the greatest decay developing in the mechanically injured oranges. The impression is general among growers and shippers in California that there is a wide difference in the inherent keeping quality of the oranges of different sections. The fruit from the upper San Bernardino valley, for example, is usually said to have better shipping qualities than the oranges grown in the more humid regions near the coast. As a matter of fact, the average condition of the fruit of these two regions on arriving in market probably conforms to this general impression. The re- By these remarks it is noted to convey the impression that the fruit of all sections is alike is the widest difference in itsity, in the time of maturity, the color of oranges of differences and in different groves same section. There is good deal of difference in its acceptibility of the fruit of different regions to bruising, as there is difference in the texture of the What is intended to be conceived times during the season of the Washington Navel we fully picked about every ten from January to May from one of the Arlington Heights fruiting ny, Riverside. The fruit was h weeks under conditions that were pecially favorable to the development of rot. There was practically no difference in the amount of decay in that at any time between January and May. The small amount of could usually be traced to medical injuries that were over when the fruit was brought in the groves, and the slight diff in the amount of decay at the ent pickings could be easily ed for in this way. The tree the packing-house tests alreared to indicate that the different shipping quality is due more conditions under which the handled in these sections the inherent character of the self. is practically no difference decay in the unbrushed fruit two regions. This shows the quality of the sound fruit it comes from the tree. There difference in the brushed the same types of brushes used in both sections, nor brushes always handled with care. When the fruit is washclean water the results are the condition of handling in being similar and comparhere is some difference in the mechanically injured in the oranges washed in water, as the nature of the inamount of blue mold in water were probably not able. These differences in deno greater than commonly different experiments in hansame type of fruit in the house. to compare the influence brushing of the fruit under simlions, the tests in the houssuch section using the same brush have been brought toIn the upper valley the debrushing the fruit was 4.9 and in the coast region 4.3 or practically the same repacking-house tests indian orange with a sound not more likely to decay when the coast region than a range grown in other parts range belt and that a simiof handling produces similar the different regions. in bloom when the fruit was picked on March 23 and April 2. The data from these tests are not extensive enough to be conclusive, but taken in connection with the other data accumulated they indicate that California oranges picked and handled with enough care to protect the skin from bruising are practically immune to decay, whether picked in a partially ripe or fully matured condition. CALIFORNIA AT EXPOSITION Special Train to Seattle Carrying Representative Men California will be much to the fore at the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific exposition at Seattle and one of the interesting feature events will be the celebration of "California Promotion Committee Day" on June 15th, for which occasion the committee will run a special train of one hundred representative Californians. Each of the fifty-eight counties of the state will have a representative and the remainder of the one hundred, which number has been fixed as the limit, will consist of business men of the state. The arrangements for the trip, which is made in acceptance of an official invitation extended by the management of the exposition, are in the hands of a special committee appointed for the purpose, consisting of F. L. Brown, chairman; Alfred I. Esberg, R. B. Hale, L. A. Nares and Charles F. Runyan. As in the case of the trip made by the committee to the exposition at Portland in 1905 every feature of the affair will be unique and distinctly Californian. Leaving San Francisco on Saturday evening, June 12, the party will reach Seattle on the 14th day before... in the upper valley the debrushing the fruit was 4.9 and in the coast region 4.3 or practically the same repackage-house tests indict an orange with a sound not more likely to decay when the coast region than a range grown in other parts or belt and that a simiof handling produces similar the different regions. difference that occurs in the of decay in different regions different houses in the same due primarily to the conditer which the fruit is hanthe coast region in the past part of the fruit has had to ad, while the fruit of the updistricts has been shipped unbrushed or unbrushed conSince these investigations run, representatives of the plant industry have had oclook into the conditions intions where the fruit develusually large amounts of devery case the cause of the has been found to be due to actions under which the fruit handled, including the insuch matters as the care with the scale insects are held in the groves, the business of the directors of the asthe ability of the packigeman, the system of handin the groves and packing the efficiency of the labor, any conditions in the packing, and the kind of packing-equipment. Wherever these have been bad a section ed the reputation of producthat has poor shipping qualwherever these conditions are favorable to the proper of the fruit there has been with its condition on arrestation. The remarks it is not intendey the impression that the sections is alike. There nest difference in the qualtime of maturity, and in of oranges of different secin different groves in the ton. There is probably a hands of a special committee appoint- ed for the purpose, consisting of F. L. Brown, chairman; Alfred I. Esberg, R. B. Hale, L. A. Nares and Charles F. Runyan. As in the case of the trip made by the committee to the exposition at Portland in 1905 every feature of the affair will be unique and distinctly Californian. Leaving San Francisco on Saturday evening, June 12, the party will reach Seattle on the 14th, the day before California Promotion Committee Day. Following the day especially set aside in honor of these visitors there will be a reception to the party in California building on June 16. After the festivities at the exposition a trip will be made about Puget Sound with invited guests on a chartered steamer. On the return trip, leaving Seattle on Friday, June 18, stops will be made at Tacoma and Portland, where it is planned to extend the Californians some courtesies in the way of receptions and drives. The special will reach San Francisco again on Sunday, June 20, completing a trip that will have accomplished much, bringing into closer touch the business men of the entire Pacific coast. BASQUE BUYS INTEREST Deals have been consummated whereby possession and title to the Valencia rancho at San Juan Capistrano passes out of the hands of the heirs of the Frederick George McNally estate and litigants. Alfred Quetu, a Basque who has recently arrived from Spain, is the purchaser of all interests in the Valencia rancho, which comprises 391 acres of land in the San Juan canyon and on the hills a mile from San Juan Capistrano. The price Quetu paid is approximately $30,000. Dominguez Oyharzabel of the mission village has become the purchaser of the different interests in some small property in the San Juan Capistrano townsite or on the edge of it. There was filed for record an order from the Los Angeles superior court confirming the sale by Richard Egan as administrator of the Frederick George McNally estate of a of the fruit there has been with its condition on arrival. The remarks it is not intended to the impression that the sections is alike. There is probably a difference in the quality of maturity, and in oranges of different secs in different groves in the town. There is probably a difference in the sus- of the fruit of different re-ruising, as there is a wide in the texture of the fruit. Attended to be conveyed is no practical difference count of decay that develops the tenderest oranges of a fruit is handled with care to prevent bruising. Mine the influence on de-ing the oranges at differ-uring the season 20 boxes Washington Navel were cared about every ten days to May from a groveington Heights fruit compa-nee. The fruit was held two or conditions that were es-portable to the development practically no difference count of decay in the fruit between January and small amount of decay may be traced to mechani-isms that were overlooked fruit was brought in from and the slight difference count of decay at the differ- could be easily account-is way. The trees were Quetu paid is approximately $30,000. Dominguez Oyharzabel of the mission village has become the purchaser of the different interests in some small property in the San Juan Capistrano townsite or on the edge of it. There was filed for record an order from the Los Angeles superior court confirming the sale by Richard Egan as administrator of the Frederick George McNally estate of a one-fifth interest in the ranch to Quetu and a one-fifth interest in the lots to Oyharzabel. A three-fifths interest in the property has rested in the estate of McNally, the great Chicago publisher, and a one-fifth interest with another heir. It was from the Valencia rancho that Sheriff Lacy some years ago was compelled to efect Mrs. Belford, a claimant to interest in it. RECORD FOR COLONISTS As indicating the heavy movement of colonists' traffic this year, officials of the Harriman Pacific lines, including the Oregon roads, estimate the volume to that territory this month and last month at 70,000, as against less than 38,000 a year ago. The record spring movement for colonists was in 1907, when 68,300 were carried west in March and April. In the first four days of March 1262 colonists came west through and Ogden—as compared with 768 a Southern Pacific gateways—El Paso year ago. Poison Wheat at Mullinix. FICTION is FICTION NEWS IS TRUTH The GAZETTE Prints the News The GAZETTE Tells the Truth E-RU-SA ONLY LAWFUL FILE CURE use it does not contain narcotics, mercury, cocaine, lead or any poison drugs. Because E-RU-SA CURES PILES. U. S. Dispensatory recommends every ingredient of E-RU-SA. Other pile medicines contain above injurious poisons and their sale is illegal. Sec. 8, Cal. Drug law: sale of opium, morphine, codine, and cocaine or preparations thereof ROHIBITED unless upon prescription except FLUID preparations of containing LESS than 2 grains to the ounce, (Paregoric). Cal. Drug act says: "Any mixture of drugs is unlawful if it bears any or misleading statement." U. S. Dispensary says of Narcotics, they are NOT supposed to exercise ANY specific curative influence." druggists of Highest Standard sell and endorse E-RU-SA namely: sale by O.A. Mullinix, Ph.G., J. P. Hatzfeld, Ph. G. as Heaters at a Sacrifice! save carrying over the few we have left, we will close them out at a bargain. prices range from $1.75 up. Come in and see them. naheim Gas Company Office at Miller's Hardware Store save carrying over the few we have left, we will close them out at a bargain. prices range from $1.75 up. Come in and see them. Anaheim Gas Company Office at Miller's Hardware Store California Wine Co. F. Conrad & Son, Props. After Street - Anaheim Wholesale Wine and Liquor Merchants Grands of Bottled Beer. Delivery Made Everywhere A MOTOR ON TRIAL One of the beauties about individual electric motor drive is this: don't have to start out with a lot of expensive equipment and the risk of getting "stung." You can try a single motor at little noise and no inconvenience. Study it, watch it work, tabulate reFrom it you can learn just what a complete installation of motors will mean. Most people who start with one motor end with complete electrical equipment, and become enthusiastic converts to electric power. If they find it profitable to use individual motor, mightn't you? Why not install a single motor and form your opinion? THE EDISON ELECTRIC CO. SANTA ANA DRINK PRIME BEER It makes you healthy. Keg and bottled Beer delivered to all parts of the city. UNION BREWING CO. Phone Sunset 301 Home 1246 It makes you healthy. Keg and bottled Beer delivered to all parts of the city. UNION BREWING CO. Phone Sunset 301 Home 1246 Talking about ICE you ought to know that we supply it in any quantity. We furnish small pieces for families, or large quantities for restaurants, butchers saloons, etc. Our prices are right, our delivery is prompt. Phones—Home 1542, Sunset 91 our prices on Hay, Grain, Seeds and Poultry Supplies before buying. It will pay you. I. H. Gardner Co. C. B. HOLLEY, Manager HEALD'S Southern California Business College 614 South Grand Avenue, Los Angeles, California. Best business training institution in the south. Open during the entire year. Write for J. W. LACKEY, Manager.