anaheim-gazette 1908-11-12

AMERICAN LEMON CULTURE 3505 CARLOADS SHIPPED FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA The Demand for the Best Brands of California Lemons is Greater Than the Present Annual Supply The American lemon industry has become permanently established on a firm foundation within the last few years, the seasons since 1904 having proved unusually profitable. It commenced to assume a commercial aspect twenty-five years ago, but for a score of years it was a question whether it would become established permanently or whether the American supply of lemons would continue to be derived, as in the past, from foreign countries. The lemon is grown in the citrus-fruit belt of California, where at the present time the annual production is from 3000 to 4000 carloads, which represents approximately 100,000,000 pounds, or from one-third to two-fifths of the total quantity used in the United States. There are imported annually into the United States about 150,000,000 pounds of lemons, mostly from the island of Sicily. If this amount of fruit were expressed in terms of the California method of packing and shipping it would represent more than 1,750,000 boxes, or about 6000 carloads. In the early days of the industry there were no precedents to follow that were applicable to the handling of the lemon in California. The pioneer growers made many mistakes. Each step forward in the culture of the groves and in the handling and california, which includes the south of the Sierra Madre mountains. The most important region these mountains is in Tulare where the present annual reaches about 150 carloads. On groves are scattered all foothills of these mountains; the valleys from the coast Barbara inland to Riverside lands. There are large plains the foothills of the Temescal at Corona. Along the coastings are scattered here and from Santa Barbara to the line, the so-called coast regiing an area extending 20 miles more inland. There are landings inland in San Diego county along San Diego bay, especially National City and Chula Vine important regions, with the climate production during son from November 1, 1906 to December 31, 1907, may be roughly as follows: Tulare county Santa Barbara and Ventura including Santa Barbara, Fila Santa Paula 475 cars, the S center 380 cars, the Upland 260 cars, the upper San B region 470 cars, the Coron 570 cars, the Los Angeles r cars, Orange county 110 c Diego county 800 cars, many carloads from Southern and 150 carloads from Tulare. The lemon growing seas Southern California are spoken of as the coast and regions, though there is no defined line between them. The tude of the coast region varies sea level to 200 or 300 feet inland regions range from 250 feet in altitude. The cthe lemon belt, like the c In the early days of the industry there were no precedents to follow that were applicable to the handling of the lemon in California. The pioneer growers made many mistakes. Each step forward in the culture of the groves and in the handling and shipment of the fruit was gained by costly experience. Groves were located in unsuitable places, on frosty areas, on uncongenial soils, in localities dependent upon an inadequate supply of irrigation water, or on soil that was overcharged with alkali. The growers had to learn about the handling of the soil, the irrigation and fertilizing of the crop, and the maintenance of soil fertility by cover crops and other sources of humus. The methods of pruning have only recently begun to emerge from a chaotic condition. The losses from decay until recently were so large and so universally expected that the California lemon was generally supposed to have poor keeping qualities, and dealers were cautious about handling the fruit. The industry became so depressed that ten years ago many of the groves were top-worked to oranges. These conditions, however, are gradually changing. The California lemon growers are men of the highest intelligence and are in close touch with the developments of agricultural science. They are continually learning more about the requirements of the soil and of the trees. They handle the fruit with more care and skill than is bestowed on any other orchard crop of this country, and are developing successful methods of curing and of holding the fruit. The decay in lemons that are handled properly is a less important factor than formerly. The most critical dealer and the consumer both have confidence in the best brands of the fruit. An energetic, organized marketing policy has replaced the former unsatisfactory methods of disposing of the fruit. Special concessions in freight rates have been made by the railroads. The lemon growing season in Southern California are spoken of as the coast and regions, though there is no fined line between them. The tide of the coast region varies sea level to 200 or 300 feet inland regions range from 250 feet in altitude. The citrus lemon belt, like the Pacific coast generally, the widest variation within paratively small area. However, the climate of this is more equable than that of land region, the annual nature averaging a little lower more uniform and the relationship higher and also more form. The fruit of the citrus is more uniform in texture ripening throughout the season has a little thinner skin, the largest part of the crop comparatively later in the season has been commonly supported by lemons from the coast her keeping quality than the grown lemons, but it is a whether this difference exists fruit that is handled with equal It has also been supposed that best coast lemons are produced in close proximity to the ocean from 16 to 20 miles inland; too is open to question. The insects thrive more abundantly the moister air of the coastal fumigation or spraying has practiced in nearly all sectors hold the insect pests in chee. The lemons imported into United States are grown principally Italy, the fruit coming mainly May to September from the Sicily, with a small quantity the vicinity of Naples. A few tons are imported from Spain co and the West Indies. This try is being developed to an extent in Cuba and Porto Duty of 1 cent a pound is on imports of lemons, except Cuba, on which the duty is cent less. The imports often are not increasing and there is siderable difference in the imported from year to year. and of holding the fruit. The decay in lemons that are handled properly is a less important factor than formerly. The most critical dealer and the consumer both have confidence in the best brands of the fruit. An energetic, organized marketing policy has replaced the former unsatisfactory methods of disposing of the fruit. Special concessions in freight rates have been made by the railroads as a stimulus to the industry, and the most difficult problems of culture, of handling, and of shipment that are not well understood are being studied by state and federal investigators in cooperation with some of the most progressive growers and shippers. As a result of the recent progress in the industry, the demand for the best brands of California lemons is greater than the present supply. The area of groves is extending considerably, though more slowly than the growers desire, as the nurserymen have not been able to supply the demand for trees during the last two or three years, their popagation having been almost abandoned when the business was in the most depressed stage. At that time trees were sold at 10 to 20 cents apiece, but in the winter and spring of 1907, following three years of unusually high profits, all available trees in the state were sold at prices ranging from 75 cents to $1.50 each. It will be several years before the product of the recent plantings increases the total supply of fruit to any considerable extent. The American lemon industry is located principally in Southern Cal- the vicinity of Naples. A few tons are imported from Spain co and the West Indies. The try is being developed to a extent in Cuba and Porto Bello duty of 1 cent a pound is on imports of lemons, except Cuba, on which the duty is cent less. The imports off are not increasing and there siderable difference in the imported from year to year, ing on the condition of the American markets and the crop abroad. Sicilian fruit is received in p of various sizes, the bulk off ing in boxes containing 300-420 lemons each. Efforts are made by American receivers strict the imports to a stand of box measuring 26% by 10% inches, outside measure for the 360-lemon size. The for the lemon, in common wif fruits, is increasing through country, especially in the central west and west, but creased demand is supplied large extent by the California. The citrus fruit shipments California include oranges, and pomelos or grape fruit. Statistics of the shipments were ed together as a whole until years ago. At the present time railroads endeavor to keep statistics of the orange and lem- ments separate, though the size of mixed cars of citrus frui of cars of different sizes may difficult to obtain statisti are more than a close approx of the shipments. There are sizes of refrigerator cars used which includes the counties of the Sierra Madre mountains. It is an important region north of mountains is in Tulare county, the present annual production about 150 carloads. The lemons are scattered along the coast at Santa Ana and Riverside and Redhills of the Temescal range. Along the coast the plant is scattered here and there. Santa Barbara to the Mexican so-called coast region include area extending 20 miles or land. There are large plantations in San Diego county and San Diego bay, especially at City and Chula Vista. The regions, with their appropration during the sea- November 1, 1906, to October 307, may be roughly grouped as: Tulare county 150 cars, Barbara and Ventura counties, Santa Barbara, Fillmore and Chula 475 cars, the San Dimas 400 cars, the Upland region in the upper San Bernardino 400 cars, the Corona region in the Los Angeles region 440 range county 110 cars, San County 800 cars, making 3505 tons from Southern California carloads from Tulare county. Lemons growing sections in California are generally as the coast and inland though there is no well-deer between them. The altitude of the coast region varies from 20 to 200 or 300 feet. The variations range from 750 to 1,- in altitude. The climate of belt, like the climate of shipment of lemons—the 36-foot car, which holds 288 boxes, and the 40-foot car, which holds 312 boxes—though most of the fruit is shipped in the larger cars. The fruit is usually forwarded under ventilation from November to March, and under ice during the remainder of the year. Some of the shippers who handle the fruit with extreme care use the ventilation method of shipment throughout the season. The minimum freight weight at the present time for a carload of lemons is 24,-190 pounds for cars 37 feet or less in length, outside measurement, and for cars over 37 feet in length, 26,-200 pounds. There is a blanket freight rate of $1 per hundred pounds in carload lots to the principal points in the United States, with a rate of $1.25 per hundred pounds to certain points in the northwest, and a rate varying from $1.25 to $1.40 to points in the southeastern part of the country. The rate on lemons shipped under refrigeration is based on the section of the country into which the car is shipped and the weight of the fruit in the car. The lemon is shipped from California every month of the year. The distribution is regulated somewhat by holding the fruit picked in winter and spring in common storage for several weeks or months before shipment. The lemon tree when handled properly is ever bearing, a tree containing at any time fruit in all stages of development from the blossom to the ripe lemon. The fruit ripens most abundantly during the late fall, winter and spring, the heaviest harvest occurring from February to June in the coast region and beginning in November and December in the inland regions. It is the aim of the earloads from Tulare county. The lemon growing sections in California are generally located as the coast and inland although there is no well-debetween them. The altitude coast region varies from 200 or 300 feet. The elevations range from 750 to 1,500 altitude. The climate of the belt, like the climate of the Pacific coast generally, presents a great variation within a commune small area. In general, the climate of the coast is quite variable than that of the inland, the annual mean tempererating a little lower and cooler and the relative huger and also more unifruit of the coast region uniform in texture and in throughout the season; it takes thinner skin, and the sort of the crop matures slowly later in the spring. It is commonly supposed that lemons from the coast have poor quality than the interior lemons, but it is a question this difference exists in the handling with equal care. It has been supposed that the lemons are produced not proximity to the ocean, but at 20 miles inland; but this can be questioned. The scale arrive more abundantly in air of the coast, though spraying has to be done nearly all sections to insect pests in check. Lemons imported into the United States are grown principally in fruit coming mainly from September from the island with a small quantity from city of Naples. A few lemons imported from Spain, Mexico, West Indies. The industry developed to a limited Cuba and Porto Rico. A cent a pound is assessed as lemons, except from which the duty is 20 per cent. The imports of lemons increasing and there is condifference in the quantity from year to year depend- ment. The lemon tree when handled properly is ever bearing, a tree containing at any time fruit in all stages of development from the blossom to the ripe lemon. The fruit ripens most abundantly during the late fall, winter and spring, the heaviest harvest occurring from February to June in the coast region and beginning in November and December in the inland regions. It is the aim of the lemon grower to have the harvest as heavy as possible in the summer, when the fruit is in greatest demand, and he endeavors to influence the season of bearing to some extent by pruning and by irrigation, though not to the extent attempted by foreign lemon growers. The most profitable months in the lemon market are during hot weather from May to September, the condition of the market at any time during this period depending on the temperature at the point of consumption and the supply of imported fruit. The shipments from California are largest from March to July, about 60 per cent of the crop going forward during that period. The shipments in 'ast few years have been greatest in the months of May, June and July. The fruit shipped in the spring and summer may include winter and spring lemons that have been stored, as well as the fruit that is picked during the spring and summer months.—By G. Harold Powell. FARMERS RECOVER DAMAGES Win Beardless Barley Suit Against Southwest Warehouse Company Judgment for plaintiff for $12,155.21 was given on Thursday last by the jury that heard the evidence in the suit of C. A. Rauth, representing himself and four other men who farmed leases on the San Joaquin in the season of 1906-7, against the Southwest warehouse company. The jury found that in this county barley means bearded barley. The complaint asked for $16,638.28. The ranchers claimed they bought seed from the warehouse company, believing it to be the common variety... A few lemons imported from Spain, Mexico, West Indies. The industry developed to a limited Cuba and Porto Rico. A percent a pound is assessed as of lemons, except from which the duty is 20 per cent. The imports of lemons increasing and there is considerable difference in the quantity from year to year, depending on the condition of the American crop abroad. The suit is received in packages of sizes, the bulk of it contains 300, 360 or each. Efforts are being American receivers to re-imports to a standard size measuring 26% by 13½ by 15¾ outside measurement, one-lemon size. The demand soon, in common with other increasing throughout the especially in the growing east and west, but the in demand is supplied to a suit by the California fruit. Citrus fruit shipments from include oranges, lemons, limes or grape fruit. The staples shipments were grouped as a whole until a few days ago. At the present time the endeavor to keep the stale orange and lemon shiprate, though the shipment cars of citrus fruits and different sizes makes it too obtain statistics that mean a close approximation of them. There are two refrigerator cars used in the jury that heard the evidence in the suit of C. A. Rauth, representing himself and four other men who farmed leases on the San Joaquin in the season of 1906-7, against the South-west warehouse company. The jury found that in this county barley means bearded barley. The complaint asked for $16,638.28. The ranchers claimed they bought seed from the warehouse company, believing it to be the common variety planted here. When it grew up they found it was beardless barley, and the production was partial failure. Suit was brought by Rauth and his associates and also by W. H. Chormicle. The latter case was tried several months ago and judgment given Chormicle. A number of questions were put to the jury. The jury declared that the warehouse company knew the seed was beardless barley, that it knew the plaintiffs wanted bearded barley, and allowed them to believe the seed given them was bearded barley. One question put to the jury was: "At the time the sales of seed barley by the defendant were made was there a custom or usage in the country of Orange by which the word 'barley' meant 'bearded barley,' and did not include 'beardless barley.'" The answer was "Yes." C. A. Ruth's claim was for $3,322.68; the jury gave him $2642.96. D. Nimmo's claim was $2362.50; the jury gave $1033.56. M. Wolley's claim was $1347.85; the jury gave him $1,005.58. Thomas Jessup's claim was $4738.50; the jury gave him $3751.08. M. Erreca's claim was $4868.95; the jury gave him $3722.53. Dr. H. EHRLICH CATARRH in any form of THROAT, STOMACH, BOO DEAFNESS POSITIVELY by a New Treatment and New Method by myself. It is the most Wonderful of this age on Lung, Nose and Ears. Diseases of the Eyes, Hips, Granulated, the most commonly given up by other diseases positively with my new method, Lens and Optic Nerve cured speedily kofle or injurious caustics, and paired with impunity. Weak Watery Eyelids, Wild Hairs, Astigmatism, Nose and all Eye Stralns cured. Glass all others fall. Polyp—Tumors of of the Nose, even Granulated Sore Throat. Loss Diseases of the Lungs, Nose and quickly and permanently. Nolses in the Ears Stopped. Disease in every case. Come and tell you in five minutes whether Catarrh and its Symptoms, Nervousness, Eye troubles, Ear, Stomach, Bowels, Womb Troubles, Treatment gives immediate relief you have any diseases of the EYES, EARS, NOSE and Read what the people have to say: not satisfy you, come and see me refer you to over 5,000 cured by them are doctors, lawyers, bankers, and workingmen, and if you can find these that say they ever had or treatment I used, I will treat you. If you are coming, come early, are always crowded. Boston Bakery FRESH BREAD, PIES AND CAKES. Cream and Confectionery Distler, Proprietor Number ... Doors, Shingles, Lath, Cement, Time Ganahl Lumber Co Chas, F. Grim, Mgr. East Center St. Anaheim The Best Cuts of MEAT We had here any time. We don't use them for a favored few and the others to take what is first come is first served in market. We believe in giving body a square deal. Also in the very best meat we can hold of at the prices possible. CITY MARKET Gelderman, Prop. Fellow's Bldg., Center street Set Phone 201 ONEY can be borrowed on more favorable terms from theINGS, LOAN and BUILDINGASSOCIATION OF ANAHEIMthan from any similarinstitution in the StateHome Institution....Inducted by home men If you want to borrow moneyat a low rate to pay off yourpresent mortgage, or to buildhome or to improve yourpresent one, address or call onFred A. Backs, JrSecretary Anaheim Office Phone Main 1131 Office Phone Main 1141 DR. JNO. H. BOEGE Dentist Office, Muillinix Building Hours: 8:30 to 11:30 a.m. 1:00 to 5:00 p.m. EveningsBy Appointment DR. W. W. ADAMS OSTEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN Graduate of American School of Osteopathy ofKirksville, Mo. Office and Residence: 116 Philadelphia St. Office Hours: 10 to 12; 1 to 4. Phone No. Main 77 W. H. SYER, M. D. Physician and Surgeon Office and residence in Hart Building, nextto City Hall (formerly Dr. Bickford's). Officehours, 10 to 12 a.m., 2 to 4 p.m., 7 to 8 p.m.Telephone No. Main 74ANAHEIMCAL J. L. BEEBE, M. D. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. Office and res. cor. Center and Palm Sts. Office hours: 2 to 4, 7 to 8 p.m.Both Phones.ANAHEIM, CAL. W. Harold Wickett, M.D.Res. Phones, Main 8X8, Home 863.Herbert A. Johnston, M.D.Res. Phones, Main 82, Home 862.Drs. Johnston & Wickett Office Hours, 11-12, 2-4, 7-8Office Phones, Main 81, Home 861.Offices, 810 S. Los Angeles Street. VICTOR MONTGOMERY ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Attention given to Probate BusinessCommercial Bank Building.Santa Ana - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CalTel. Black 791au22-6m F. C. SPENCER ATTORNEY-AT-LAWNotary PublicOdd Fellows' Block,-Center StreepAnaheim, Cal. VICTOR MONTGOMERY ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Attention given to Probate Business Commercial Bank Building. Santa Ana - Cal Tel. Black 791 au22-6m F. C. SPENCER ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Notary Public Odd Fellows' Block, Center Stree Anaheim, Cal. RICHARD MELROSE ATTORNEY-AT-LAW and NOTARY PUBLIC Office Center St Special attention given to Probate Matters ANAHEIM. - - - - CAL. F. BACKS Undertaker Dealer in Furniture, Wall Paper Cornices, Window Shades, Picture Frames Upholstery Goods, Paints, Oils, and Glass Sewing Machine Supplies Corner Los Angeles and Chartres Sts The PALACE STABLES Is the best Stable. Come and see us. J. HAHN, Prop. C. AMBERG FIRST CLASS BARBER SHOP 120 E. Center St. Anaheim First Door East of Fischle's Candy Store Joseph Backs Undertaker Embalmer Furniture Bedding Repairing Done Phones—Sunset M. 98. Home 1062. O. LAGMAN Architect and Builder 405 East Center Street Anaheim, Cal O. LAGMAN Architect and Builder 405 East Center Street Anaheim, Cal. L. B. PRUITT CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER Plans and estimates furnished. Entire satisfaction guaranteed. Residence, cor. Melrose and Broadway, Anaheim. Phone, Main 861. Finest of Wines. Liquors and Tigars. at Roman Wisser's Favorite - Saloon Schlitz Beer on Draught Center Street Anaheim, Cal. Anaheim Bakery Peter Syre. Prop. Fresh Bread Cakes and Pies Confectionery. Etc. Wedding Cakes a Specialty Los Angeles and Cypress Sts.