anaheim-gazette 1908-01-23

THE CABBAGE APHIS Whittier, January 18, 1908. Editor Gazette, Anaheim, Cal. The plant louse, now so abundant on cabbages and which has already destroyed many thousands of dollars worth of this crop, belongs to a group of insects upon which so little has been written in California that very few have a clear idea of their habits and life history. Without attempting to treat the subject exhaustively or waiting till the studies now under way are brought to conclusion, we will attempt to furnish the growers information for immediate use so that the situation may be handled as intelligently as possible. THE INSECT The cabbage aphis occurs all over the world feeding exclusively on cabbage, mustard and other members of the same botanical family: At the present time it occurs in our cabbage fields in seven forms. The young newly born individual, (Form No. 1) after about a day the insect has so increased in size as to render a change of skin necessary. After this change two forms can be recognized, one ovate in shape (Form No. 2) and another with the suggestion of a waist like constriction (Form No. 3). Another day or two will require a second change of skin. The ovate form retains almost the same shape (Form No. 4) but the other is still more constricted near the middle and possesses on each side conspicuous pocket like outgrowths in which wings are finally developed (Form No. 5.) The insect gains nearly full size before the final change of skin is necessary and which produces the mature insect, either wingless (Form No. 6) or winged (Form No. 7). colony and may give the impression that the colony was destroys parisite. As yet no single found in which the number ofized lice amount to one per total number bred on the leaf under different conditions insects would make a better but they have not been an a factor in the situation of our fields this season. CONTAGEOUS DISEASES Plant lice are known to be larly susceptible to contagious These may be grouped into those produced by fungi and bacteria. The former are evident, though perhaps the most efficient. Fungous diseases generally the production of dried up often clinging to the leaf proper moisture conditions finally covered with a dense coating. In some fields a fungus is very common and been largely responsible for pearance of the insects for plants. Bacteria are minute scopic plants and absolutely to the eye. Another article upon this important subject will appear in issue, Fortify Hawaii Washington, Jan. 18.—To the Iowa national guard, who the White House today, Roosevelt said: "We must fortify Hawaii, at it quick." Some of the Iowans, who are quainted with the intensely president were inclined to commemorate of the president wi will require a second change of skin. The ovate form retains almost the same shape (Form No. 4) but the other is still more constricted near the middle and possesses on each side conspicuous pocket like outgrowths in which wings are finally developed (Form No. 5.) The insect gains nearly full size before the final change of skin is necessary and which produces the mature insect, either wingless (Form No. 6) or winged (Form No. 7.) A plant louse thus either passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6, or 1, 3, 5 and seven, according to whether the insect becomes winged or not. In either case, the young by form 6 may become form 7 in the next generation, or vice versa, and two lice born the same day from the same parent may either produce when full grown one of each kind or both of the same kind. At the present time there are no male insects being produced nor any females capable of laying eggs; indeed such forms have never been noticed in the case of the cabbage aphis, though it has been under observation in this country and in Europe for many years. All increase is by the birth of living young without sexual reproduction and at a rate that is almost inconceivable. A cabbage louse of form 6 can produce several young in a day and in a week may sometimes see its great grandchildren. This rapid development only occurs in case the insect passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6. This is the line followed when all the conditions for growth are the best. In case conditions are less favorable, some will develop through the series 1, 3, 5 and 7, and the winged insect leaves the plant in search of better quarters. Sometimes nearly all the insects on the plant assume this line of development and the plant thus is almost or quite rid of the lice. The flying forms are not as prolific as the wingless mothers, but if they are fortunate in finding favorable feeding places their descendants become wingless and are soon prosperous colonies. CHECKS TO INCREASE Any one mathematically inclined can soon compute that plant lice could soon completely cover the earth with their progeny, but in fact they seldom or never reach a point where all the available food of the kind upon which any will require a second change of skin. The ovate form retains almost the same shape (Form No. 4) but the other is still more constricted near the middle and possesses on each side conspicuous pocket like outgrowths in which wings are finally developed (Form No. 5.) The insect gains nearly full size before the final change of skin is necessary and which produces the mature insect, either wingless (Form No. 6) or winged (Form No. 7.) A plant louse thus either passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6, or 1, 3, 5 and seven, according to whether the insect becomes winged or not. In either case, the young by form 6 may become form 7 in the next generation, or vice versa, and two lice born the same day from the same parent may either produce when full grown one of each kind or both of the same kind. At the present time there are no male insects being produced nor any females capable of laying eggs; indeed such forms have never been noticed in the case of the cabbage aphis, though it has been under observation in this country and in Europe for many years. All increase is by the birth of living young without sexual reproduction and at a rate that is almost inconceivable. A cabbage louse of form 6 can produce several young in a day and in a week may sometimes see its great grandchildren. This rapid development only occurs in case the insect passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6. This is the line followed when all the conditions for growth are the best. In case conditions are less favorable, some will develop through the series 1, 3, 5 and 7, and the winged insect leaves the plant in search of better quarters. Sometimes nearly all the insects on the plant assume this line of development and the plant thus is almost or quite rid of the lice. The flying forms are not as prolific as the wingless mothers, but if they are fortunate in finding favorable feeding places their descendants become wingless and are soon prosperous colonies. CHECKS TO INCREASE Any one mathematically inclined can soon compute that plant lice could soon completely cover the earth with their progeny, but in fact they seldom or never reach a point where all the available food of the kind upon which any will require a second change of skin. The ovate form retains almost the same shape (Form No. 4) but the other is still more constricted near the middle and possesses on each side conspicuous pocket like outgrowths in which wings are finally developed (Form No. 5.) The insect gains nearly full size before the final change of skin is necessary and which produces the mature insect, either wingless (Form No. 6) or winged (Form No. 7.) A plant louse thus either passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6, or 1, 3, 5 and seven, according to whether the insect becomes winged or not. In either case, the young by form 6 may become form 7 in the next generation, or vice versa, and two lice born the same day from the same parent may either produce when full grown one of each kind or both of the same kind. At the present time there are no male insects being produced nor any females capable of laying eggs; indeed such forms have never been noticed in the case of the cabbage aphis, though it has been under observation in this country and in Europe for many years. All increase is by the birth of living young without sexual reproduction and at a rate that is almost inconceivable. A cabbage louse of form 6 can produce several young in a day and in a week may sometimes see its great grandchildren. This rapid development only occurs in case the insect passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6. This is the line followed when all the conditions for growth are the best. In case conditions are less favorable, some will develop through the series 1, 3, 5 and 7, and the winged insect leaves the plant in search of better quarters. Sometimes nearly all the insects on the plant assume this line of development and the plant thus is almost or quite rid of the lice. The flying forms are not as prolific as the wingless mothers, but if they are fortunate in finding favorable feeding places their descendants become wingless and are soon prosperous colonies. CHECKS TO INCREASE Any one mathematically inclined can soon compute that plant lice could soon completely cover the earth with their progeny, but in fact they seldom or never reach a point where all the available food of the kind upon which any will require a second change of skin. The ovate form retains almost the same shape (Form No. 4) but the other is still more constricted near the middle and possesses on each side conspicuous pocket like outgrowths in which wings are finally developed (Form No. 5.) The insect gains nearly full size before the final change of skin is necessary and which produces the mature insect, either wingless (Form No. 6) or winged (Form No. 7.) A plant louse thus either passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6, or 1, 3, 5 and seven, according to whether the insect becomes winged or not. In either case, the young by form 6 may become form 7 in the next generation, or vice versa, and two lice born the same day from the same parent may either produce when full grown one of each kind or both of the same kind. At the present time there are no male insects being produced nor any females capable of laying eggs; indeed such forms have never been noticed in the case of the cabbage aphis, though it has been under observation in this country and in Europe for many years. All increase is by the birth of living young without sexual reproduction and at a rate that is almost inconceivable. A cabbage louse of form 6 can produce several young in a day and in a week may sometimes see its great grandchildren. This rapid development only occurs in case the insect passes through the forms 1, 2, 4 and 6. This is the line followed when all the conditions for growth are the best. In case conditions are less favorable, some will develop through the series 1, 3, 5 and 7, and the winged insect leaves the plant in search of better quarters. Sometimes nearly all the insects on the plant assume this line of development and the plant thus is almost or quite rid of the lice. The flying forms are not as prolific as the wingless mothers, but if they are fortunate in finding favorable feeding places their descendants become wingless and are soon prosperous colonies. CHECKS TO INCREASE Any one mathematically inclined can soon compute that plant lice could soon completely cover the earth with their progeny, but in fact they seldom or never reach a point where all the available food of the kind upon which any will require a second change of skin. The ovate form retains almost the same shape (Form No. 4) but the other is still more constricted nearthe middle and possesses on each side conspicuous pocket like outgrowths in which wings are finally developed (Form No. 5.) The insect gains nearly full size before the final change of skin is necessary and which produces the mature insect, either wingless (Form No. 6) or winged (Form No. 7.) A plant louse thus either passes throughthe forms1，2，4和6，或1，3，5和 seven ，according to whethertheinsectbecomeswinglessornot.Ineithercase,theyoungbyform6maybecomepresentofthestrongestkindoftreatmentatHawaii,andthathethatthiscongressshallgrantappropriationforthispurposeasknownthereisnoothergiveninofficialcirclesattthisactivityinHawaii. That President RooseveltminedtohurrythefortificationPacificCoast.ofthePhilippineHawaiiasrapidlyasspossibleofallthepeace talkcomingfromisapparenttoall. It is recalledwithinteresteralmonthsagobiggunswfromAtlanticCoastfortsandtothePhilippinesinspeakingacrossthecountry,andafreightonoceanliners.ThenwhenthetalkofsendingthefleettothePacificwasfirstbethasyetunconfirmed.SincepublicmayhaveimaginedPresidentwasrestingonhiscowbeaskeenasever. Washington，Jan．16．—ThedepartmentisreadytoreturnsecretaryofwarthereportpreliminarysurveyofthesHarbor，withacommunicationthattherecommendedimproveathoroughsatisfactorydepartmentforanyuseitmusttomakeoftheharbor. It is understoodthatinwiththerecommendationsboardofarmyengineers,thedepartment took intoconsiderabilitymeasureofthe establishmentnavyyardanddrydocksintDiego harbor. RepresentativeSmithtodferredwiththechiefoftheH.YardsandDocksregarding CHECKS TO INCREASE Any one mathematically inclined can soon compute that plant lice could soon completely cover the earth with their progeny, but in fact they seldom or never reach a point where all the available food of the kind upon which any particular species depends has been exhausted. While a good portion of cabbages in a field may be so stunted as to fail to produce merchantable heads, still, in the worst condition some heads will be produced. This is because plant lice have natural checks limiting their increase. BENEFICIAL INSECTS The most conspicuous checks to the increase of plant lice are the ladybirds. The common red ladybirds are rather common in cabbage fields and sometimes one will see a few of their larvae. In no field visited have these insects been abundant enough to eat one percent of the natural increase of the plant lice. Next most abundant were the larvae of Syrphus flies, footless, slug-like maggots that feed very voraceously, but are still more hopelessly inadequately than the ladybirds. A third group of insects are the parasitic wasps. These are very conspicuous from the fact that when a plant louse is stung it swells up almost spherical in shape and become pale brown in color and clings firmly to the leaf after death; finally from these mummies a wasp issues, by cutting a round hole in the side or back. After living plant lice have disappeared from a leaf these dried remains may be all that remains of a department for any use it may make of the harbor. It is understood that in with the recommendations board of army engineers, the department took into consideration probability of the establishment navy yard and dry docks in Diego harbor. Representative Smith todayferred with the chief of the H Yards and Docks regarding a posed yard, and he was assured favorable report of that bureau. Smith also has conferred with man Foss of the Naval Command House, and while the chair would commit himself as to what would recommend an appropriation its construction to be placed Naval Appropriation Bill this he showed a decided interest project and admitted that a dock at this point would be utility and convenience. Genuine Indifference Jack Abertheney, the Rough can catch a wolf alive by grabbing lower jaw with his bare hand. Mr. Abertheney, on his last Washington, was asked by a for his opinion on a certain question. "I can't give you an opinion question," the Rough Rider "because its a question I pay attention to. I am indifferent to it different as the backwoodsman." "That lady, you know, look while her husband had a fierce hand tussle with a bear, and after she said it was 'the only fight saw where she didn't care who Highschool Students—Runaway The horse attached to N. E. Murphy’s milk wagon took fright on Saturday morning at a tallyho load of Fullerton highschool students coming around the corner at Center and Los Angeles streets, making noise enough to awaken the dead with their yells, “Who are, who are, who are we?” The horse didn’t stop to learn who they were, but bolted down the road at a 240 clip. The wagon narrowly escaped disaster, but the runaway bronco was caught after running several blocks and returned to his rightful owner. The price of milk remains the same. Poolroom Closing A petition signed by 425 people of Santa Ana was presented to the City Council Monday night, asking the Council to pass an ordinance prohibiting the opening of poolrooms and billiard halls in Santa Ana on Sundays. For an hour and a half the discussion waxed warm. City Attorney W. F. Heathman declared that the city could not pass such an ordinance, because it would be special legislation, and would be held to be as illegal as if the city passed an ordinance closing hardware stores on Wednesdays. State Senator John N. Anderson presented the petition, and in so doing declared that he thought the selling of tobacco to be a dishonorable business. He said the chief objection to the poolrooms is that they are loafing places for young men who ought to spend their Sundays at home. This, he said, he knew as a member of the Board of Education. W. E. Baker, a partner in one of the pool and billiard halls, declared that the poolrooms would not be forced to close on Sundays, that there is no justice in compelling them to quit selling cigars on Sunday, when drug stores Fortify Hawaii Washington, Jan. 18.—To officers of national guard, who called at the House today, President said: must fortify Hawaii, and fortify the Iowans, who are not accustomed with the intenseness of the wars we inclined to connect the president with foreign reports, which ascribe mercy to the movements of the fleet. It is known in Washington that resident has strenuously advocated for this purpose. So far there is no other reason official circles at this time for Hawaii. President Roosevelt is deterred by the fortifications of the coast, of the Philippines and of rapidly as possible, in spite peace talk coming from Tokyo to all. Called with interest that seven ago big guns were taken onantic Coast forts and rushed Philippines in special cars country, and as special ocean liners. That was talk of sending the battleship Pacific was first heard, but confirmed. Since then they have imagined that the was resting on his oars. But green as ever. Atton, Jan. 16.—The Navy is ready to return to the war the report on the survey of the San Diego with a communication, stating recommended improvements highly satisfactory to that it for any use it may desire the harbor. Understood that in agreeing recommendations of the army engineers, the navy decoook into consideration the establishment of an sand dry docks in the San Diego. Native Smith today concludes the chief of the Bureau of Docks regarding the pro- He said the chief objection to the poolrooms is that they are loafing places for young men who ought to spend their Sundays at home. This, he said, he knew as a member of the Board of Education. W. E. Baker, a partner in one of the pool and billiard halls, declared that the poolrooms would not be forced to close on Sundays, that there is no justice in compelling them to quit selling cigars on Sunday, when drug stores and confectionery parlors are allowed to sell them. Both sides are determined to fight the case through, and the petitlocers are having attorneys look up the points of objection raised by the City Attorney. The City Attorney says no Sunday closing poolroom ordinance has ever gone to the Supreme Court, although an ordinance prohibiting barber shops from opening Sunday went to the higher tribunal and was declared illegal. Conservation of Natural Resources The United States has astounded the world by its spectacular rapidity of development. We came into the sisterhood of nations an evangel of liberty and a herald of better days to the nations. But we are the Spendthrift, the Waster, the Ne’er-do-Well of nations. Beginning in modern times with incomparably rich natural resources, we have ravaged a continent of its wood and coal and iron, and we smilingly face the exhaustion of our bank account in these things like a boy in the midst of his sowing of wild oats. Our forests are gone. The scattered fragments left will disappear in twenty years. The pinch of exhausting coal fields has begun; and the best authorities are computing the time of the end of our supply, trying to determine whether it will be our children or our grandchildren who will have to face a future without coal. We have vast reserves of water power, coal, iron and lands capable of reclamation and reforestation, but we seem to have no adequate conception of our duties toward them, to ourselves, our country or posterity. Our soil is being washed away into the rivers, and by them carried to the sea, and our boasted fertility of soil is thereby being lessened near by year; but the irreplaceable him as a great agency for these national dangers and serving our national reconstructive statesmanship outlined rises to the main plane. It demands the attention American. On its success future. We must make what is left of our once we must stop waste; we need natural resources from monopoly, or we may sinful commercial and national subordination. Strength From the New York Tim The agricultural department report of the cereal crops—the reality of what in summer we merely hope guarantee of values which shrunk away like snow in not for that reason is truth altered. It is now that our farmers have reached 000,000 above last year's was itself both excellent crease of a mere quarter of dollars above the satisfaction 1905. This leaves the f largest single, class, in th for any use it may desire in the harbor. understood that in agreeing with recommendations of the army engineers, the navy de- cook into consideration the establishment of an and dry docks in the San Joaquin River. tative Smith today con- the chief of the Bureau of Docks regarding the pro- and he was assured of the report of that bureau. Mr. has conferred with chair- of the Naval Committee of and while the chairman will himself as to whether he amend an appropriation for action to be placed in the appropriation Bill this session, a decided interest in the admitted that a yard and this point would be of great convenience. Quine Indifference artheney, the Rough Rider, wolf alive by grabbing its with his bare hand. atheney, on his last visit to, was asked by a reporter union on a certain political issue you an opinion on that the Rough Rider replied, a question I pay no attent- indifferent to it—as in the backwoodsman's wife. dy, you know, looked on husband had a fierce hand-to-with a bear, and afterward as 'the only fight she ever didn’t care who won.'" grandchildren who will have to face a future without coal. We have vast reserves of water power, coal, iron and lands capable of reclamation and reforestation, but we seem to have no adequate conception of our duties toward them, to ourselves, our country or posterity. Our soil is being washed away into the rivers, and by them carried to the sea, and our boasted fertility of soil is thereby being lessened year by year; but the irreparable drain is ignored. Our neglect is almost equal to our active waste. The vast potentialities of our waterways in bearing commerce and in furnishing power have been neglected. But a new era seems daunting. President Roosevelt is bringing these matters into the field of practical state-smanship. The Inland Waterways commission has been constituted by BARGAIN SALARY We do not plead guilty of a special case at the time. The fact that we are giving valuation our sixth year and growing all the time. Call in and see how we have grown until of space crammed with goods, and incidentally 1908 calendars, and we will show you fine value chines, team and driving harness, buggies, if we may not let you go until you have seen our WE LEAD—OTHER Wickersheim ImplemenFULLERTON, CALIFORNIA "LOUDON'S" THE The New Dry Goods Store Right Merchandise and Right Prices Always did build up a healthy business, and our business is growing steadily—surely. Buying at "Loudon's" is Safe and Satisfactory. That is the way we merit your confidence. These specials now on sale point the way to economy: Quting Flannel Underskirts, Children's in Fancy Stripes, made with ruffle, good 35c value...at 20c Lisle thread Stockings for Children in all sizes. Fine Ribbed Fast Black. Every pair guaranteed to give satisfaction. One of our 25c leaders...at 20c Fast Black Sateen Bloomers for Girls. All sizes, good 65c values...at 49c Geo. Loudon & Co. Koll Block, East Center Street ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA KEEP A LOOK OUT on your horse's feed. Be sure and give him the right kind. He will give you better service and you won't need to call a veterinary surgeon. KEEP A LOOK OUT On your horse's feed. Be sure and give him the right kind. He will give you better service and you won't need to call a veterinary surgeon. WE HAVE BALED HAY in our store room that's as sweet as the day it was mown. There isn't a bit of danger when using our feed. It's good the year round. our prices on Hay, Grain, Seeds and Poultry Supplies before buying. It will pay you. H. H. GARDNER & CO. Phones: SUNSET 91. HOME 1382. Air Guns, Pocket Knives, Razors, Hunting Outfits and Canvass Goods, at Richard Spoerl's Gun Store Don't fail to get our prices on BICYCLES and Bicycle Sundries. The popular Yale Bicycle in all sizes. We can save you Money 1908 Seed Catalogue 1908 If you have not yet received our Seed Catalogue write for it at once and get your name on the mailing list. Write if Spanish book is preferred. Johnson & Musser Seed Co., 113 No. Main St., Los Angeles, Cal. ja2m1 that hath shall be given. This is further proved by the news of the week additional to the report above mentioned. There has been an estimate of the cotton crop which has enraged all who have cotton for sale, and the yield of the cotton crop of India is estimated at a decrease of 40 per cent. Apparently we are to have both a full yield of cotton and an exceptional price for it, considering the quantity we merely hoped for as a price of values which have since away like snow in the sun. But that reason is the intrinsic mattered. It is now indisputable our farmers have realized $483,- above last year's yield, which itself both excellent and an in- of a mere quarter of a billion of above the satisfactory crops of this leaves the farmers, our single, class, in the position of nations whose stock is not quoted, whose income is better than ever. For them Wall street's de- dition is either unmeaning, or a rare unity for bargains. There three half billions of new money will make every industry, even that of long new securities, on terms only to those who have ready Never was there a better ex- tention of the fact that to them IN SALE—WHAT! Quality of a special sale. Our sale is on all days we are giving values equal to prices, OR must be the reason for our being in busi- growing all the time. We have grown until we have 10,000 square feet goods, and incidentally get one of our beautiful show you fine values in bicycles, sewing ma- marness, buggies, farm implements, etc., and if you have seen our Birdsell wagon. OTHERS FOLLOW Implement Company ALERTON, CALIFORNIA