anaheim-gazette 1906-05-03

SCOPE OF ARBOR DAY Suggestions for Making the Planting of Trees by School Children an Exercise in Forest Work. [CORRESPONDENCE OF THE GAZETTE] Washington, D. C., April 19. Arbor day was instituted in Nebraska in 1872 by Hon. J. Sterling Morton, afterwards secretary of agriculture, and has since made its way from state to state until provision for its observance exists in almost every state and territory. The central idea of Arbor day is the intelligent and appreciative planting of trees by school children. The planting is usually accompanied by exercises, which are intended to impress upon the children the beauty and usefulness of trees and thus to lend to the work the value of a bit of nature study. Arbor day has undoubtedly done much to inculcate a love of trees, and has given added impetus to the general movement for the better knowledge and wiser use of forests. Yet there is no question that Arbor day can be made more practical than it has been; that it can be brought into closer touch with forestry by being made the opportunity for carrying out simple steps in forest work. The permanent results of Arbor day from the standpoint of successful planting have frequently been disappointing. Too often delay between procuring them and their planting can not be avoided, the roots must be kept moist standing them in a "puddle" of earth and water mixed to the sistency of cream, or "heeled nearly burying them in fresh In setting the trees it is important to place them about three inches of soil at the top should left very loose, to act as a mud retain the moisture. Large trees are by no means ways the best to plant. Smalllings may be secured easily cheaply, and are much more to live. If these are set out in numbers after the pattern of commercial plantation, they will be in due time a true forest on a scale. If only a few trees are planted is usually the case, it is still possible to make plain the true relation such work to forestry. No need how few the trees, they may be to illustrate planting for common or protective use. The scope of Arbor day plan may sometimes be broadened curing permission from some spirited citizen or nearby farmers the children to plant a small number of trees on his land. This could make a practical demonstration how such work is done on a scale. Outside the scope of the arbor planting, it is well to bear in mind that Arbor day is not the only Yet there is no question that Arbor day can be made more practical than it has been; that it can be brought into closer touch with forestry by being made the opportunity for carrying out simple steps in forest work. The permanent results of Arbor day from the standpoint of successful planting have frequently been disappointing. Too often species entirely unsuited for either economic or ornamental planting have been used. Still more common causes of failure have been lack of sufficient care in doing the work, and neglect of the trees after they are planted. In this way much of the educational value of the work is lost. By leaving the trees unprotected from animals, insects, and other destructive agencies, the intended good example is turned, for want of a little care, into a negative one. But even when the planting has been well conceived and wisely carried out, there is often lacking, in work of this nature, all reference to the larger aspect of forest planting. The ultimate aim of the day might well be to prompt and encourage not so much a sentiment for trees as a sentiment for the forest. Yet the practice has been to plant individual trees rather than groves, and the relation of the single tree to the forest has not been pointed out. Talks on Arbor day have not dwelt enough upon the economic side of forestry, or have tended to give a wrong impression of the whole subject by lamenting all cutting of trees. The effect of this has been actually opposed to the forester's teachings. Arbor day is the time for disseminating sound, practical knowledge regarding forestry in its broader aspect. The mere act of setting a few trees, without reference to the commercial utility and the protective value of forests, is but a small part of the work of the day. The proper season for planting is everywhere the same. South of the Outside the scope of the planting, it is well to bear in mind that Arbor day is not the only on which trees deserve the ingent thought of the children. Need care throughout the service. Watching the plantations thrive der right treatment greatly adds the educational value of the which otherwise leaves but a impression. It is all-important that the institution should become a model what can be done along these lines. In after years the children should be able to point with satisfactory the work of their school days. HON. DAVID O. ROBINSON Benefited by Vinol After All Medicines Had Failed The Hon. David O. Robinson, treasurer of Frankfort, Ky., writes was very much run down from his work, and suffered from indigestion a severe nervous trouble. The cines prescribed all failed to help and I could not take cod liver emulsion, as the greasy mixture set my stomach. One of our officials told me about your delic cod liver preparation, Vinol, and it had done for him. I decided to it, and in a remarkably short time was a well man. Vinol built me cured my stomach and nervous trouble and I have not been so well in ye Our local druggist, O. A. Mul says, "Vinol cures conditions like because it positively contains in a highly concentrated form all of the vit making and body-building propofol cod liver oil actually taken fresh cods' livers, and without any oil to upset the stomach and its work. "We ask every run down, never debilitated, aged or weak person in heim and every person suffering stubborn colds, hanging on co Arbor day is the time for disseminating sound, practical knowledge regarding forestry in its broader aspect. The mere act of setting a few trees, without reference to the commercial utility and the protective value of forests, is but a small part of the work of the day. The proper season for planting is everywhere the same. South of the thirty-seventh parallel, especially in the more humid regions, fall planting is perhaps preferable, but north of this the winter comes on so quickly that the trees have scarcely time to develop roots strong enough to support them until spring, and spring planting is therefore more advisable. Evergreens may be planted somewhat later than hardwoods. The day to plant is almost as important as the season. Sunny, windy weather is very unfavorable; cool, damp days are the best. For this reason it is well to leave the date for Arbor day unfixed, so that the best opportunity may be chosen. Such exercises as are desired can follow when the planting is done. The careful selection of trees for a specific use and situation is essential to success, and proper planting is equally important. Though less fastidious than agricultural crops in their demands upon the soil, trees cannot be set in a rough soil at random and then expected to flourish. They should be planted without allowing their roots time to dry out from exposure to the air. When UNDERGROUND WATER The U. S. geological survey has been engaged for nearly two years in a study of the underground situation in Southern California. The work began in the region known as the Valley of Southern California. This is the irregular low south of the San Gabriel and Bernardino mountains, in which cities of Los Angeles, Pasadena, Mona, Ontario, Redlands, River Anaheim and Santa Ana are situated. Throughout this delightful water is worth more than in other agricultural district in Western Hemisphere, because of limited quantity and the high value of the lands to which it can be applied. Two thousand dollars miner's inch, a flow equivalent about 13,000 gallons per day, regarded as an excessive valuation parts of this area, and some citrus lands are bearing water o when procuring the trees planting can not be avoid- must be keep moist by them in a "puddle" made of water mixed to the con- cream, or "heeled in" by using them in fresh earth. The trees it is important them about three inches they stood orignally, and out the roots and pack only about them. Two soil at the top should be used, to act as a mulch to moisture. New trees are planted, as case, it is still possible in the true relation of forestry. No matter trees, they may be made planting for commercial use. Of Arbor day planting trees be broadened by secession from some publicen or nearby farmer for to plant a small block this land. This could be technical demonstration of work is done on a large scope of the actual well to bear in mind day is not the only dayes at rates of from $10 to $30 per acre per year. Such taxes are possible only where the returns from the crops raised reach high figures, as they do in the best of the California citrus lands. Irrigating waters are pumped to heights of 250 feet in a few cases in Southern California, and are in successful use despite this great lift. At one point in the San Joaquin valley water is pumped to an elevation of 600 feet above its source and used in citrus irrigation. This is probably the highest lift in the United States of waters for irrigation purposes. The fact that it is found to be feasible from the financial standpoint to install and operate the expensive machinery required for this purpose, is a sufficient commentary on the productiveness of the land and the value of the crops which they yield. In communities where such practices prevail it is needless to say that the value of water is fully appreciated and that the citizens are heartily interested in all studies which tend to throw definite light on the quantity and availability of the supplies. The best engineering talent has been busy for two decades, devising means whereby waste of water may be prevented, new sources utilized or old sources conserved. Reservoirs are being covered, unlined ditches cemented, open ditches converted into pipe lines, irrigation practice improved so that evaporation from the soil surface may be minimized, and temporary flood-meter built to aid in rainfall. Pitkin's Guaranteed for fine painting barns, roofs, gallon and 1 gallon caNearly forty years paint and thousands that there are no more material than those made. One gallon of our feet two coats, on order rough wood work, less L. I Rub We have a large factory, guaranteed to foot lengths, ½, ¾ a All hose 9c. and Couplings and Washes A Hardware. S 953 The scope of the actual well to bear in mind is not the only day it deserves the intelligence of the children. They throughout the season. The plantations thrive unanticipated and greatly add to the value of the work, arise leaves but a slight important that the plan become a model of done along these lines. As the children should paint with satisfaction to their school days. David O. Robinson, county frankfort, Ky., writes, "I run down from over-derived from indigestion and nervous trouble. The modified all failed to help me, not take cod liver oil or the greasy mixtures upch. One of our county one about your delicious caration, Vinol, and what him. I decided to try remarkably short time I ran. Vinol built me up, each and nervous trouble been so well in years." Buggist, O. A. Mullinix, nurses conditions like this actively contains in a high form all of the vitality-body-building properties will actually taken from persons, and without a drop the stomach and retard every run down, nervous, red or weak person in Anatomy person suffering from illness, hanging on coughs, ent has been busy for two decades, devising means whereby waste of water may be prevented, new sources utilized or old sources conserved. Reservoirs are being covered, unlined ditches cemented, open ditches converted into pipe lines, irrigation practice improved so that evaporation from the soil surface may be minimized, and temporary flood-water dams built, to aid in recharging the subterranean basins. The influence of forests is realized and local chambers of commerce are making appropriations to aid in reforesting denuded slopes in the important drainage areas. At the same time the courts are restudying with great care all the principles upon which water rights are based. As a result, epoch-making decisions have been rendered whose object is to preserve and protect vested rights in underground waters, rights which seemed in jeopardy under the attempts to apply old riparian principles under conditions which were not anticipated in the place and at the time when they were enunciated. It is in this spirit of care and thoroughness and exceptional intelligence, that the Southern California communities are grappling with their problems of water supply. It is not surprising therefore, that they have accomplished much with the rather limited quantity available for their use. The minimum summer flow in the Southern California streams, and it is this minimum which controls irrigated acreage, is in round numbers 250 second feet. With high economy this would be sufficient to irrigate 80,000 or 90,000 acres. Actually, 225,000 acres are under irrigation. This result has been accomplished by the utilization of underground waters. These subterranean sources now furnish supplies for twice as much acreage as the surface waters. They have certain definite advantages over the surface supplies, in that their quantity is comparatively uniform throughout the year; while surface streams are lowest when the demand for water is greatest. These waters which have become so been so well in years." Druggist, O. A. Mullinix, measures conditions like this actively contains in a high-form all of the vitality-body-building properties actually taken from rivers, and without a drop in the stomach and retardery run down, nervous, sed or weak person in Ana-lys person suffering from rises, hanging on coughs, incapient consumption to your guarantee to return if it fails to give satisfac-Mullinix, druggist. ROUND WATERS A geological survey has been for nearly two years in the underground water of Southern California. Origan in the region known by of Southern Californi-the irregular lowland San Gabriel and San Mountains, in which the Angeles, Pasadena, Po-oo, Redlands, Riverside, Santa Ana are situated. In this delightful area, with more than in any natural district in the unisphere, because of its richity and the high values to which it can be applied, thousand dollars per a flow equivalent to gallons per day, is not an excessive valuation in area, and some of the are bearing water charge-are under irrigation. This result has been accomplished by the utilization of underground waters. These subterranean sources now furnish supplies for twice as much acreage as the surface waters. They have certain definite advantages over the surface supplies, in that their quantity is comparatively uniform throughout the year; while surface streams are lowest when the demand for water is greatest. These waters which have become so important in Southern California, during the last decade especially are the object of especial investigations now under way. Their distribution has been pretty well determined by the developments already carried out, but their quantity and the limits of safe use are not known. A series of observations is now being made whose object is to determine whether these limits have been reached in any particular community. These measurements have been conducted for nearly a year and preliminary deductions may soon be reached from them. In certain portions of the desert areas of Eastern and Southern California, underground waters are known to occur in some quantity. One of the most important of these areas is that centering about Indio, Coachella and Walters in the northwestern end of the Colorado desert. Its growth depends entirely upon the underground waters which are secured from about 350 wells. The majority of these are artesian, and with the waters which they yield 4000 acres have already been brought under cultivation. Cantiloupes, watermelons, sweet potatoes, early table grapes, and hay and grain crops are successfully grown, and the finer qualities of dates, and citrus fruits are being tried.—W. C. Men-denhall. Rickin's Barn Paint guaranteed for five years. Especially adapted for big barns, roofs, bridges, fences, etc. Put up in 5 and 1 gallon cans, full measure. Early forty years experience in the art of making and thousands of tests, have proven conclusively there are no more durable paints made from any mahan those made from oxide of iron. The gallon of our Barn Paint will cover 200 square to coats, on ordinary new wood work; on old or wood work, less. —AT— L. E. MILLER'S Rubber Hose We have a large fresh stock, just arrived from the gauche to be made this year, in 25 and 50 lengths, ½, ¾ and 1 in. sizes, from 5 to 18c. 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