anaheim-gazette 1906-04-19

BEASTS OF PREY ON RESERVE RANGES Experts Devising Means to Protect Cattle and Sheep From Attack by Wolves. [CORRESPONDENCE OF THE GAZETTE] Washington, D. C., April 9. Wolves and mountain lions are giving the stockmen a good deal of trouble on the ranges in several of the national forest reserves. Vigorous complaints have been made to the forest service of the loss of cattle and sheep, particularly cattle, from this cause. Protection is sought by the stockmen, and the forest service, which collects a fee for the grazing permits, has promptly assumed the task of finding and putting into effect practical measures to aid the cattle owners in exterminating the destructive animals. The dhief difficulty has been on the Wind River division of the Yellowstone reserve in Wyoming. Some of the livestock companies in the region assert that the wolves are increasing so rapidly that the future welfare of the cattle industry is in serious danger. Among the proposals which these conditions have called forth are that a bounty be offered for the animals' destruction. The stockmen along the northern boundary of the Gila reserve, in New Mexico, and in the Wichita, in Oklahoma, has had to pay heavy costs for the loss of cattle, young and grown. That those holding them may be assured the full enjoyment of their privilege unmolested effort will be made by the men in protecting herds grazing the reserves from attack. FORESTRY IN PUBLIC SCIENCE By Charles L. Taylor. When at the state normal school Chico last October I found teachers were taking great interest in the subject of forestry, as result of an offer by Mrs. Bidwell gold medal and also of a silver medal for the two best essays on forestry. The scholars took great interest in the subject and much reading resorted to, with the result that three hundred papers were issued. These papers were upon by Miss Helen Eliot whose charge this work caused down to the two best essays Hodgson being awarded the prize, and Miss Forbes the prize. Appropriate exercises were held at the normal school December 14th honor of the event, which was attended by the students, and a citizens of Chico. Musical exertions were rendered, among them of the Forest" by a special Dr. C. C. Van Liew gave an interesting address on the importance of the livestock companies in the region assert that the wolves are increasing so rapidly that the future welfare of the cattle industry is in serious danger. Among the proposals which these conditions have called forth are that a bounty be offered for the animals' destruction. The stockmen along the northern boundary of the Gila reserve, in New Mexico, and in the Wichita, in Oklahoma, have suffered almost as severely. Last spring the government appointed John Goff, the skillful hunter who acted as guide to the president during his hunting trip a year ago, as forest ranger, and set him to hunting lions in the Shoshone division of the Yellowstone reserve in Montana. Now that the appeal from the stockmen on other reserves is so vigorous, especially for the extermination of the wolves, the service has just sent an expert into the field to study the wolf problem. The man selected for this work is a recognized authority on the game and other wild animals of the country, Vernon Bailey, chief field naturalist of the biological survey, from which he has been temporarily transferred in order to secure his services for this important project. The animals which are causing so much trouble to stockmen are common in their native habitat, but are little known to easterners who have not hunted them. The wolf is known in the west as the timber wolf. Though not large, it is powerful and quick. Not only does it kill calves and yearlings with ease, but it attacks and overcomes full-grown animals. When after this larger prey it does not go for the throat, as so many beasts do, but fastens its teeth in the muscles of the leg, hamstringing its victim, which falls defenseless. But little of the carcass is usually devoured by the wolves. The lion is, of course, the cougar, and no true lion at all. Nevertheless, it is a large and powerful beast, capable of plaining home among the cattle. Appropriate exercises were held at the normal school December 14th to honor of the event, which was attended by the students, and a citizens of Chico. Musical exertions were rendered among them of the Forest" by a special Dr. C. C. Van Liew gave an interesting address on the importance of forestry. Mrs. Bidwell was enthusiastic greeted. She addressed the work of the medals with reference to reasons for desiring the young people to write. She said that she travels she noted the great danger going on in the forests and serious effects such destruction having. Forest destruction; Bidwell said, is a positive peril nation. She told of her effort in the work of forest protection when she was in Washington D.C., and expressed her desire have the forestry contest re-run each year, so that the Chico normal school may become a for the forest protection move. At the close of her address Mr. Hodgson Miss Forbes with their medals. Following are extracts from Hodgson's paper: The needs of the nation demand that the forests should thrive flourish, for the many national dustries are directly and independently upon the forests rainfall is increased, floods are back, soil is kept in place and flow of rivers equalized because the forests, and were they deserved the wild game could not live. Uses, in addition to many show the value of the forest country and its advancement. More wood is used in our own at the present time than be timber famine is inevitable at the present rate of forest destruc in America is checked. The c of timber for whatever p should be under the most ful supervision. Not only show mals. When after this larger prey it does not go for the throat, as so many beasts do, but fastens its teeth in the muscles of the leg, hamstringing its victim, which falls defenseless. But little of the carcass is usually devoured by the wolves. The lion is, of course, the cougar, and no true lion at all. Nevertheless, it is a large and powerful beast, capable of playing havoc among the cattle. The wolves and lions are not classed in the West as game animals, but are regarded as pests and are commonly termed "varmints." Wherever they are plentiful a bounty is offered to encourage their extermination. Despite this, they are still sufficiently numerous to work much harm, and it is said that in some localities they are on the increase. It is particularly notable that there has been so much complaint from the Wichita reserve, which the president has set aside as a game refuge. The wolves and cougers are the enemies of other wild animals, and the sportsman, who desires to encourage American sport and American game, can be counted on to aid in the work of hunting them down. In any case, however, the lion and the wolf must be driven from the ranges. Interests larger and more substantial than those of the huntsman and trapper demand it. The great live-stock industry, which the forest service has pledged itself to encourage in all legitimate direc- uses, in addition to many others show the value of the forest country and its advancement. More wood is used in our own timber famine is inevitable at the present time than before. The present rate of forest destruction in America is checked. The care of timber for whatever purpose should be under the most ful supervision. Not only should old forests be protected, but ones started and cared for. The accomplishment of all this greatly of saving the forests lies in hands of the forester, and it who is and will continue to be of the great influences on the perity of this and of the future. The forester of today is highly educated, not only along one line along several. He understands any, geology, physical geography, chemistry, hydrography, and engineering, and is able to handle business dealing in lumber. Him to help the forest render its service to man in such a way that increase rather than diminish usefulness in the future. The mands which mankind have upon the forest must be meticulously and permanently; therefore the prime object of the forest make the forest produce wood tinually. The essential concern of the best health and productivity or a forest is the timely re- of mature trees, and it is the fore- who knows just when certain are ready to be cut down, and had to pay heavy costs in of cattle, young and full that those holding permits secured the full enjoyment of village unmolested, every be made by the govern-operate with the stock-protecting herds grazing on farms from attack. Y IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS By Charles L Taylor. the state normal school in October I found that the ere taking great interest in effect of forestry, as the reffer by Mrs. Bidwell of a and also of a silver medal best essays on forestry. It took great interest in and much reading was with the result that some red papers were furn-ose papers were passed Miss Helen Eliot, under this work came, and committees were culled the two best essays, Allen being awarded the first Miss Forbes the second state exercises were held at school December 8th, in the event, which was at the students, and also the Chico. Musical exercises were, among them "Kingest" by a special chorus. An Liew gave an interest on the importance of to cut them. Although the forester works from an economic point of view—in fact he wishes to secure the greatest amount of the the most useful material in the shortest time—he accomplishes his purposes by a wise use of the forest, and in no other way. All life in the forest is under the forester's care—the game, insects, fungi and trees. As a botaint. in order to rear and protect trees, he knows all about their life and habits which include their parts, annual rings, structure of wood, food, growth and transpiration. He is also familiar with the variety of tree. He is familiar with the various requirements of trees for heat, light, moisture, their tolerance and intolerance, rate of growth, productive power, succession of forest trees, pure and mixed forests, and the diseases of trees, which involve the life of a community of trees, the life of a forest crop, the seven ages of a tree, how the crop begins, how the forest cover is established, the beginning and end of the forest's struggle for existence, growth in height at certain periods, the natural pruning of trees, and the causes of a forest's culmination and death. Directly associated with the forester's knowledge of botany is his knowledge of chemistry; especially as it is applied to the composition of wood and the transpiration of plants and trees. He looks after the reproduction of his crops. He knows what trees are undesirable and remove them in order to make room for the useful ones. Artificial replanting of a forest is sometimes necessary, but natural regeneration is nearly always possible. In the reproduction of a forest it is very important that the forester Pitkin's Guaranteed for painting barns, roofs gallon and 1 gallon c Nearly forty year paint and thousands that there are no more material than those made One gallon of our feet two coats, on or rough wood work, L. Rub We have a large factory, guaranteed foot lengths, ½, ¾ a All hose 9c. and Couplings and Wash A Hardware. 95 LARGE ate exercises were held at school December 8th, in the event, which was attended by students, and also the Chico. Musical exercises were, among them "King of St" by a special chorus. Liew gave an interest on the importance of well was enthusiastically addressed the winners with reference to her desiring the young people. She said that on her noted the great destruction in the forests and the such destruction was forest destruction, Mrs. is a positive peril to the told of her efforts to work of forest preservation she was in Washington, expressed her desire to forestry contest renewed so that the Chico state may become a center for protection movement. Of her address Mrs. Bidsted Mr. Hodgson and with their medals. are extracts from Mr. paper: of the nation demand forests should thrive and many national indirectly and indirectly upon the forests. The increased floods are held kept in place and the rivers equalized because of and were they destroyed could not live. These addition to many others, due of the forests to its advancement. Since used in our own land time than before, one is inevitable unless rate of forest destruction checked. The cutting for whatever purpose under the most care- Not only should the composition of wood and the transpiration of plants and trees. He looks after the reproduction of his crops. He knows what trees are undesirable and remove them in order to make room for the useful ones. Artificial replanting of a forest is sometimes necessary, but natural regeneration is nearly always possible. In the reproduction of a forest it is very important that the forester should know all about the various means of seed distribution, and how to transplant young trees. The tasks involved in the reforestation of sand-dunes and barren mountain sides are hard ones and the forester who is able to successfully accomplish them possesses a marked degree of skill in his work. The development of such practical forestry is universally a national question and few governments are without a permanent forest commission. The benefits derived from the application of proper forestry principles, under the management of trained foresters in the government service, are constantly leading private landowners to seek the help of efficient men to take charge of their forests. Forest management, therefore, has opened a wide field for the employment of men of strong character and ability—men who are not afraid to meet difficulties and endure hardships. CATARRH ELY'S CREAM BALM CURES COLD IN CATARRH ROSE-COLD HEAD HAY-FEVER 50 CTS. TRADE MARK ELY BROS. NEW YORK ELY'S CREAM BALM This Remedy is a Specific, Sure to Give Satisfaction. GIVES RELIEF AT ONCE. It cleanses, soothes, heals, and protects the diseased membrane. It cures Catarrh and drives away a Cold in the Head quickly. Restores the Senses of Taste and Smell. Easy to use. Contains no injurious drugs. Applied into the nostrils and absorbed. Large Size, 50 cents at Druggists or by mail; Trial Size, 10 cents by mail. ELY BROTHERS, ES Warren St., New York. 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