anaheim-gazette 1900-03-22

IRRIGATION IN OLD SPAIN. Large Areas Artificially Watered – The Country, However, Is Not Arid. [CONTRIBUTED TO THE GAZETTE.] The most prosperous agricultural provinces of Old Spain are the two in which the soil is probably the poorest in the kingdom. But the valleys of both provinces are thickly seamed with irrigation canals and the slopes are carefully terraced for cultivation. This explains the paradox. A very large proportion of Spain's cultivated area is under irrigation. Almost all the vegetables and garden fruits, lemons, oranges and rice are grown by irrigation, while the grains, vines and olives are chiefly dry farmed. Supplemental irrigation is practiced, irrigated crops being grown alongside of non-irrigated. Ancient and modern methods of irrigation seem to go along almost hand in hand. Simple water wheels are in common use to obtain water from wells, the power employed being horses, and the method of conveyance small buckets, after the ancient Egyptian fashion. On the other hand, many artesian wells have been sunk for irrigation, and modern windmills are coming into use. The total irrigated area of Spain is nearly 3,000,000 acres, and some of this comprises systems of great age and of expensive construction. In Valencia and Catalonia the water used is derived from swift mountain streams, whence it is conveyed by long canals or acequias along the mountain sides, or by lofty aqueducts to the fields on which it is to be used. Some large storage reservoirs called pantanos have been constructed, feeding a dense network of canals distributed over broad plains. Many of the old irrigation works, such for example as those of the plains of Taragona, date from the time of the Romans, and many others from the Moorish period, while new ones are being laid out at the present day. The effect of this irrigation is shown by the significant fact that the irrigated portion of the province of Murcia has a population of 1681 per square mile, as against only 101 per square mile for the entire province; while Orihuela has a population of 767 per square mile as against 194 from the Robinson Crusoe's Island. Robinson Crusoe's island—that bit of land so mysterious and yet so well drawn in the imagination of every youth, is made real by photography. Photographs of this island are extremely rare, for the reason that the modern paths of commerce do not lead near it. Three years ago report said that this lonesome home of Robinson Crusoe had been destroyed by a volcano, and it was months before the story was disproved. In truth, it lies as peaceful and as healthful today in its location 400 miles off the Chilean coast as it appeared to the shipwrecked Robinson Crusoe in the romance which Daniel Defoe made immortal. It will be remembered that the adventures of Robinson Crusoe in fiction were roughly the adventures of Alexander Selkirk in real life, and the strange things which happened to one were nearly duplicated in the actual experience of the other. So the cave in which Alexander Selkirk lived will be more readily recognized and better remembered as that of Robinson Crusoe. John Burns, a Boston sailor, was one of the crew which recently visited the place. He says: "We visited all the baunts of Alexander Selkirk, the real adventurer whom the novelist took for his hero. We skirted the sandy shore where the man Friday was found. We entered Crusoe's cave, where dates and memoranda were carved on the walls by the hermit. "The cave runs back in the mountains for at least forty feet. It does not start from the water, but has its mouth somewhat inland. It is largely grown over with a vine bearing bright green leaves, and is very attractive. Other smaller caves are near at hand, one of which is now occupied by an old lady and two young children. A few hens and ducks and a wild goat help to make up the happy family. It certainly looks very picturesque to see a modern white enameled bed with brass trimmings standing in a cave, with nothing on the floor except what nature provided, and to see the children, chickens, ducks, wild goats and old lady on the bed at one time." "We climbed to the heights above the cave and saw the tablet erected by an English man-of-war'a man in memory of the adventurer Selkirk who..." The most productive rice lands are always irrigated. Over 100,000 acres of rice are irrigated in Louisiana, and the method employed by the planters place them at the head of the world in rice culture. Their advantage lies in irrigation in such manner that they can cut their crops by machines instead of by the ordinary method of the hand sickle. Rice irrigation contemplates a complete flooding of the fields, and leaving the roots under water, rice being an aquatic plant. This being the case, the only way left for harvesting is for the negroes to wade into the marsh and cut the grain by hand. The Louisiana planters, however, lay their fields off in plats and throw up furrows around them, forming little walls or levees. Then at the proper time water is turned in and the rice grows. When the grain is just about matured, these miniature walls are broken down and the water run off. After several days the ground is dry and firm enough to allow horses and machines to go upon it and harvest the crop as they would wheat or other grains. This places the rice crop of Louisiana abreast of these other crops, whereas under the old method it is a hundred years to the rear. What would next year's wheat crop be if its harvest were dependent upon sickles? And yet, with the exception of these Louisiana fields, the rice crop of the South is today irrigated and cut as it was a century before Brigham Young's followers laid out their first ditch in the wilds of Utah. Guy E. Mitchell. Thrown Out of Court. The case of the Board of Supervisors of this county against the Bolsa Chica Land company and the Bolsa Chica Gun club was on Friday last thrown out of court by Judge Ballard, who granted the demurrer of the defendants. Judge Ballard's decision is, in effect, that, according to law, the dam is not a public nuisance, and consequently the Supervisors had no right to bring suit to have it abated. This action of the court does not bar any settler who claimed to be damaged by the alleged blocking up of water and submerging of land adjacent to the bay, from being structured, feeding a dense network of canals distributed over broad plains. Many of the old irrigation works, such for example as those of the plains of Taragona, date from the time of the Romans, and many others from the Moorish period, while new ones are being laid out at the present day. The effect of this irrigation is shown by the significant fact that the irrigated portion of the province of Murcia has a population of 1681 per square mile, as against only 101 per square mile for the entire province; while Orihuela has a population of 767 per square mile, as against 194 from the whole province. This shows the accomplishment of irrigation in a humid region. Of course, in our own territory the difference in population between many irrigated and non-irrigated sections is far greater, and might be as 1 to 100, if not 1 to 1000. When the great progress being made in irrigation in other countries is considered, and it is remembered that the work has scarcely begun in the United States, where tens of millions of acres lie waiting for reclamation, it must be acknowledged that half the productive capacity of the world has not yet been reached. The most productive rice lands are always irrigated. Over 100,000 acres of rice are irrigated in Louisiana, and the method employed by the planters place them at the head of the world in rice culture. Their advantage lies in irrigation in such manner that they can cut their crops by machines instead of by the ordinary method of the hand sickle. Rice irrigation contemplates a complete flooding of the fields, and leaving the roots under water, rice being an aquatic plant. This being the case, the only way left for harvesting is for the negroes to wade into the marsh and cut the grain by hand. The Louisiana planters, however, lay their fields off in plats and throw up furrows around them, forming little walls or levees. Then at the proper time water is turned in and the rice grows. When the grain is just about matured, these miniature walls are broken down and the water run off. After several days the ground is dry and firm enough to allow horses and machines to go upon it and harvest the crop as they would wheat or other grains. This places the rice crop of Louisiana abreast of these other crops, whereas under the old method it is a hundred years to the rear. What would next year's wheat crop be if its harvest were dependent upon sickles? And yet, with the exception of these Louisiana fields, the rice crop of the South is today irrigated and cut as it was a century before Brigham Young's followers laid out their first ditch in the wilds of Utah. Guy E. Mitchell. Thrown Out of Court. The case of the Board of Supervisors of this county against the Bolsa Chica Land company and the Bolsa Chica Gun club was on Friday last thrown out of court by Judge Ballard, who granted the demurrer of the defendants. Judge Ballard's decision is, in effect, that, according to law, the dam is not a public nuisance, and consequently the Supervisors had no right to bring suit to have it abated. This action of the court does not bar any settler who claimed to be damaged by the alleged blocking up of water and submerging of land adjacent to the bay, from bringing it ashore. It was not until 1873 that the island was again inhabited, when it was leased for a term of years by a Swiss patrician named Baron von Rodt. He had served in the Austrian cavalry and received wounds that disabled him for army life. Converting his fortune into money, he left Europe and went to Valparaiso, Chile. Having a hermit's disposition, he established himself on the isolated leaves, and is very attractive. Other smaller caves are near at hand, one of which is now occupied by an old lady and two young children. A few hens and ducks and a wild goat help to make up the happy family. It certainly looks very picturesque to see a modern white enameled bed with brass trimmings standing in a cave, with nothing on the floor except what nature provided, and to see the children, chickens, ducks, wild goats and old lady on the bed at one time. "We climbed to the heights above the cave and saw the tablet erected by an English man-of-war'a man in memory of the adventurer Selkirk, who made the island famous. "Our ship we have to in the little cove harbor where Crusoe paddled about in the hand-made canoe. This is now called Cumberland bay, and on its shores is a quiet little settlement of Chileans, Germans, Scotchmen and a few Italians, numbering in all about eighty five. Here on this gem of the South Pacific, almost exactly the size of Staten Island, three miles wide by fifteen miles long, they lead a happy existence. They make an easy living fromthe fisheries,forthe bay is full of lobsters and yellowtail. A small cannery is onthe island,wherethe fishis putup for shipment.A schooner from Chile touches there every twenty days to load with fish and game and to deliverthe mail.A few men are engaged inthe seal fisheries,and are doing well.The seals are numerous aroundthe island,但they are not so valuableasthe northern seal，onaccountofthelight fur. "The island is covered with wild goats，wild donkeysand wild pigs.The natives，strangeto relate，catchthegoatsinthe samewaythatitisreportedSelkirk did. "The only fruit that I saw there wasthe figandthe quince.Alttogetherthe islandis a strange little principality.Its mountains reachtoaheightof3000feet,anditisprettywellwatered. "Itwasin1704thatAlexanderSelkirk,theScotchseaman.wascastawayhereandremainedfouryearsbeforehewaspickedupbyA Britishshipandtakenbacktohisowncountry. "Manyaretheexperienceswhichthe岛hasundergonesincethen.Intheearlypartofthescenturyitwasusedforatimeasacovict settlement,andinthewallsofthecliffaretobefoundhundredsofdugeehshewedbytheprisonersthemselvesinthewallsoftherock.Butthedistancefromthemainland.aswellasthedifficultyofkeepingthegarrisonprovisionisedandrecruited,Ledtoseveraloutbreaksoftheprisoners,intwhichmassacredthewardenandtroops.TheChileangovernmentthendecidedtoabandonJuanFernandezasaconvictsettlement. "Itwasnotuntil1873thatthe岛wasagaininhabitedwhenitwasleasedforatermofyearsbyaSwisspatriciannamedBaronvonRodt.HewadservedintheAustriancavalryandreceivedwoundsthatdisabledhimforarmylife.Convertinghisfortuneintomoney,hleftEuropeandwenttoValparaiso,C Chile.Havingahermit'sdisposition,hestablishedhimselfontheisolatedleaves,andisveryattractive.Othersmallcavesarenearathand,一ofwhichisnowoccupiedbyanoldladyandtwoyoungchildren.A fewhensandducksandawildgoathelptomakeupthehappyfamily。它 Certainlylooksverypicturesquetoseeamodernwhiteenameledbedwithbrasstrimmingsstandinginacave,以 nothingonthefloorexceptwhatnatureprovided,andtoseethechildren，chickens，wildgoats和old ladyonthebedatcut-offfromthegravelbed。Whenintimeanotherwashowgravelcomesuponthat,fellowtimewithanotherlayeroffine,thetwobedsofgravelbeeprovideddependentreservoirs,p perhaps.weterpressures。它们maynotbeconnectedatsomepointbyacommonthreadofsupplymightlastforayear,或twoyearandthenrequirethreeyearsgain.Inthiswaythevalleysstilleasytounderstandhowthefreeknewlowerpartofthekeepstowatchpassingtothesea;solongasitisnot drawnontoooilanyotherwaywillrewateraccumulatedfromyearssainfall.Fthereisthereforeofresortingto-the theoryofdistantorinexhaustiblesuppliescontrary,它isagainprobableandifso它is dangeroustoexistThereis anotherkindofevenmorevaluablethananyothers,andwhichis,在mostmohlywithinthecontrolofgatorThisisthesubsoll—theformanyfeet,或evenyards.Inmostyearstherainfallattenu sufficientlybutin.thelasttherehasbeenconsiderableitsbeingemptyliketheaboveground。你haveallapieceofdryuncultivatedgrapemapthe moisturefromseveraladjoinringirratedpiece.Nowhowwetyoumaymakethefeetofitalongdrypiecesookindyduringitbutextentbycultivation。但这ward sappingofthemoisturenotpreventIf anythingforg neglectofwatereringatjusttimeitisalmostimpossible Thrown Out of Court. The case of the Board of Supervisors of this county against the Bolsa Chica Land company and the Bolsa Chica Gun club was on Friday last thrown out of court by Judge Ballard, who granted the demurrer of the defendants. Judge Ballard's decision is, in effect, that, according to law, the dam is not a public nuisance, and consequently the Supervisors had no right to bring suit to have it abated. This action of the court does not bar any settler who claimed to be damaged by the alleged blocking up of water and submerging of land adjacent to the bay, from bringing a civil action against the company and gun club for damages. The removal of the dam will of course be vigorously defended by the Bolsa Chica Land company and the gun club. Competent engineers have been engaged in the case, and their testimony will effectually offset that of Surveyor Finley, whose false conclusions had much to do with the bringing of the case in the first place. Where is Clinton Hunt? Sheriff Lacy is offering a reward for information as to the whereabouts of Clinton Hunt, an important witness in the trial of Henry Hungerford, who is charged with the murder of James Marlon Gregg of Buena Park. Young Hunt was an eye witness of the shooting. The boy, together with his father and mother, who lived at Centralia, suddenly left their home in a wagon, presumably bound for the State of Oregon. Sheriff Lacy was advised of the disappearance of the family, and a search was begun, but it has been without avail. Lacy has just returned from a trip as far north as Oakland, and almost the entire country along the coast has been searched, but the fleeing family could not be found. It is the general belief that Hungerford cannot be convicted of the charge against him without this witness. A. R. De Fluent, editor of the Journal Doylestown, Ohio, suffered for a number of years from rheumatism in his right shoulder and side. He says: "My right arm at times was entirely useless. I tried Chamberlain's Pain Balm, and was surprised to receive relief almost immediately. The Pain Balm has been a constant companion of mine ever since and it never fails." For sale by P. A. Derge. Money to Loan. In sums to suit. Apply to F. A Backs, Jr., Secretary Building and Loan Association. Anaheim, Cal. 10-tf We have saved many doctor bills since we began using Chamberlain's Cough Remedy in our home. We keep a bottle open all the time, and whenever any of my family or myself begin to catch cold we begin to use the Cough Remedy, and as a result we never have to send away for a doctor and incur a large doctor bill, for Chamberlain's Cough Remedy never fails to cure. It is certainly a medicine of great merit and worth.—D. S. Mearkle, general merchant and farmer, Mattie, Bedford county, Pa. For sale by P. A. Derge. It was not until 1873 that the island was again inhabited, when it was leased for a term of years by a Swiss patrician named Baron von Rodt. He had served in the Austrian cavalry and received wounds that disabled him for army life. Converting his fortune into money, he left Europe and went to Valparaiso, Chile. Having a hermit's disposition, he established himself on the isolated island of Juan Fernandez. Finding the lobster and other kinds of fish could be made profitable, he leased the island from the Chilean government and conducted this industry, as well as fruit-raising, on a large and profitable scale. "The war with Peru at length occurred and his business was broken up. He returned to Europe, but found himself so little adapted for civilized life after his island experience, and so homesick for his ocean home that he again set sail for Juan Fernandez, this time taking with him a charming bride to share his lot. There on the green, tropical shore, the most imposing of the dozen villas is his home today. He is now the governor of the island, as well as the best educated; and wealthiest of its inhabitants, and is known as Don Alfredo." Chino Ranch. Edward B. Pond and Henry C. Campbell, as trustees, have begun proceedings in the Superior Court at Los Angeles against Richard Gird and 173 other defendants to foreclose a trust deed securing a loan of $525,000 made from the San Francisco Savings Union in 1894. The property involved in this security is the greater part of the immense Chino ranch, in San Bernardino county, comprising about 40,000 acres, but not including the town of Chino. We have saved many doctor bills since we began using Chamberlain's Cough Remedy in our home. We keep a bottle open all the time, and whenever any of my family or myself begin to catch cold we begin to use the Cough Remedy, and as a result we never have to send away for a doctor and incur a large doctor bill, for Chamberlain's Cough Remedy never fails to cure. It is certainly a medicine of great merit and worth.—D. S. Mearkle, general merchant and farmer, Mattie, Bedford county, Pa. For sale by P. A. Derge. When you try to cultivate 2 or 3 feet upon the top of an apple you have a difficult task. The dry stuff below will moisture even more quickly in air, and the sun will sap it from The latter you may prevent to extent by cultivation. But the ward sapping of the moisture not prevent. If anything fights neglect of watering at just one time it is almost impossible to it to where it would have been the top layer is very thin, and hours will reduce the plant for perity to failure. Quite the reverse is the case that subsolil is filled with moisture as the principles of good soil allow. It will take a long time injure plants or trees, and if it will be but slightly at first take several days, and often them to fail so far that the dawn not be repaired quite fully by it of the top soil. The amount of water required by the subsolil in this right course much greater than is common posed. Ordinary irrigation sufficient, even though through the year. It takes rainfall each year to do it, and falls then that amount should with winter irrigation. One rain wets dry ground about 10 ft all goes in. But 20 inches will not wet 200 inches, or like it. At least one-half is lost off and evaporation from there And 1 inch does not make 10 inch soil as wet as it should be for results. For safety the subsolile kept damp down to 15 feet more. Where the drainage enough to make the land safe trees, there is little danger on in too much. And all that can be in up to the point of 'safe dry' an insurance policy of more value in all short years. Ordinary winter irrigation enough for this. On most winters like the last two, at least half in depth of water put in. This would take for 30 inches, twelve days' run, went in. But it could not be most soils in twelve continuous anything like it. Six irrigations two days' run would be much what is needed, and some time elapse between them. Thirty ago, with 16 inches of rain in Los Angeles I found many places during spring and summer where it was positive that the water gone down over 4 feet, and more where it had not penetrated o Her Only Regret Mrs. Peabody Had Passed Through the Most Trying Experience of Her Life Before She Found a Remedy for All Woman's Ills. Nobody who sees Mrs. Mary M. Peabody, of 42 Water Street, Haverhill, Mass., to-day will find it easy to believe that she has passed her 63d year and has endured more suffering than comes to the ordinary lot of women. How she regained health and happiness is best told in her own words. She says: "Last winter and spring I had the grip which left my system all run down, I also suffered from female weakness and troubles peculiar to women. I had no strength and no ambition. My friends did not think that I would live and I was afraid that I was going into consumption. "I recalled the benefit that Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People had done me in a former illness, and last July I began taking them. They did not disappoint me. I used several boxes of them and from a total wreck I was made a healthy woman. My only regret is that I did not know of Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People when I had the change of life. I am now enjoying the best of health, eat heartily and sleep soundly—all due to Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People. "There are many facts about my case that I do not care to have published but I will gladly answer any woman who cares to write me about the subject." Subscribed and sworn to before me this first day of September, 1899. THOMAS W. QUINBY, Justice of the Peace. Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People are an unfailing specific for such diseases as locomotor ataxia, partial paralysis, St. Vitus' dance, sciatica, neuralgia, rheumatism, nervous headache, the after effects of the grip, palpitation of the heart, pale and sallow complexions, and all forms of weakness either in male or female. DR WILLIAMS' PINK PILLS FOR PALE PEOPLE REGISTERED Sold by all druggists, 50 cents per box; six boxes, $2.50. Van Duke on Reservoirs. Continued from First page. To understand how easy this may be you have only to wander back in fancy the time when our valleys were hundreds of feet lower and the mountains thousands of feet higher. You have only to apply the conditions we have been gone, and legitimate settlement will suffer also. The ground below was all dry as a chip from the lack of rain in the three years preceding. As a rule, under all good ditches, there is water enough in the winter to avoid this, and if water cannot be reservoired cheaply enough above ground the next best thing is to store in this subterranean reservoir all that the requirements of good drainage will allow. Some have done this in the past winter, but there have been too many who have allowed this source of wealth to run to the ocean because they believed the capricious clouds would do their duty. FARM PROSPERITY. Great Improvement Made in Agricultural Conditions. NEW YORK, March 14.—“The improvement in agricultural conditions now, contrasted with the depth of depression in 1894-96, is as little appreciated by the outside public as was the farmers’ condition during the hard times. It is conservative, however, to say that the product of the United States farms for the past year was worth to the farmers over $1,600,000,000 more than in either of the years of depression. This is an average advance of 31 per cent in values compared with the low point.” These statements are made by the American Agriculturist for March, which publishes an elaborate review of the agricultural situation from a financial and industrial standpoint. The live stock is said to be worth $700,000,000 more than during the hard times, or a gain of 38 per cent. Staple crops are worth $400,000,000 more than then, while other crops show an increase of $200,000,000 in value, or a gain of 25 per cent compared with the depressed period of 1894, 1895 and 1896. The produce of live stock, such as meats, dairy products, calves, mutton, sheep and lambs, hides and pelts, colts, mules, etc., are said to show a gain of $370,000,000, or 40 per cent above the low point. The review referred to says: “Live stock itself has advanced nearly or quite as much, and now exceeds the high point of the rise that reached its highest point in 1889. Even horses are one-third higher than four years ago. The total value of cattle on farms is now 41 per cent more than five years ago, while the average value per head of cattle has advanced 76 per cent above the low point of 1895. Milch cows are worth 45 per cent more than in 1892, and their total value is 53 per cent greater than in 1896. Sheep are higher than for 20 years, worth about double on the farm what they were five years ago, and are fully 20 per cent higher than during the early 80’s. The total value of sheep in the country is 140 per cent greater than in 1896. Hogs have occasionally been worth more than now, but are selling at a high range, especially compared with cheap Van Duke on Reservoirs. Continued from First page. To understand how easy this may be you have only to wander back in fancy the time when our valleys were hundreds of feet lower and the mountains thousands of feet higher. You have only to apply the conditions we have been in our own time of the disposition the wash from the mountains. You know how the streams change their channels, swinging in the course of rains from one side of the valley to another. Here they leave a bed of gravel his time, and when in time the bed resembles it may cover it with fine or finer mud that makes a perfect set-off from the gravel bed below. When in time another wash of heavy rain comes upon that, followed in time with another layer of finer stuff, the two beds of gravel become independent reservoirs, perhaps with different pressures. They may or may not be connected at some point above a common thread of supply. They might last for a year, or two or three, and then require three years to fill again. In this way the valleys are filled from side to side with old stream beds various depths and widths, lying one another for hundreds, and in places near the coast for thousands of feet, perhaps. For it is quite certain that the whole country has once been much higher above the sea than it now as well as much lower at some time. This cutting off of the different channels from each other, is increased by the decay into clay of granite and sand streaks and strips, as they lie in place below ground. With the presence these layers flatten into perfect rams. This increases the number of independent channels and pockets of water-bearing gravel and sand. It is easy to understand how the friction in the lower part of these keeps the water passing away to the sea; so that as long as it is not drawn on too heavily any other way they will retain the water accumulated from years of good rainfall. There is, therefore, no need resorting to the theory of any far instant or inexhaustible supply, but on the contrary, it is against probabilities, and if so, it is dangerous to expand on. There is another kind of reservoir even more valuable than any of the others, and which is, in most cases, holly within the control of the irrigator. This is the subsoll—the subsoll for many feet, or even yards, in depth, on most years the rainfall attends to it sufficiently, but in the last two years there has been considerable loss from being empty like the reservoirs above ground. You have all seen how piece of dry, uncultivated ground will sap the moisture from several feet of an joining irrigated piece. No matter how wet you may make the latter, or how well you may cultivate it, several feet of it along the dry piece will be too dry in a very few days. When you try to cultivate a layer of 3 feet upon the top of an ash heap, you have a difficult and dangerous task. The dry stuff below will sap the moisture even more quickly than the air, and the sun will sap it from above. The latter you may prevent to a great extent by cultivation. But the downward sapping of the moisture you cannot prevent. If anything fails from neglect of watering at just the right time it is almost impossible to restore The ground below was all dry as a chip from the lack of rain in the three years preceding. As a rule, under all good ditches, there is water enough in the winter to avoid this, and if water cannot be reservoired cheaply enough above ground the next best thing is to store in this subterranean reservoir all that the requirements of good drainage will allow. Some have done this in the past winter, but there have been too many who have allowed this source of wealth to run to the ocean because they believed the capricious clouds would do their duty. T. S. Van Dyke, before the Redlands Horizcultural Club. It is very hard to stand idly by and see our dear ones suffer while awaiting the arrival of the doctor. An Albany (N. Y.) dairyman called at a drug store there for a doctor to come and see his child, then very sick with croup. Not finding the doctor in, he left word for him to cone at once on his return. He also bought a bottle of Chamberlain's Cough Remedy, which he hoped would give some relief until the doctor should arrive. In a few hours he returned, saying the doctor need not come, as the child was much better. The druggist, Mr. Otto Scholz, says the family has since recommended Chamberlain's Cough Remedy to their neighbors and friends until he has a constant demand for it from that part of the country. For sale by P. A. Derge. Tallow Candles as Medicine. In France the peasantry still stick to medicines calculated to turn the average doctor's hair gray with horror. Wine is an ingredient of every prescription. In fever cases it is always the predominant one. The French peasant's faith in fermented grape juice is truly beautiful. If his children are stricken with the measles, he gives them wine well sweetened with honey and highly spiced with pepper. For a severe cold he administers a quart of red wine and a melted tallow candle mixed. For scarlet or brain fever he gives eggs/white wine and soot well beaten together. Not all their superstitions are curious. Some are pathetic. A mother, for instance, often buries her dead child with its favorite toy or a lock of her own hair in the coffin, "that it may not feel quite alone." The Wrong Day. The heartless landlord has come to evict the widow with 18 children, many of whom are teething. But at the threshold the woman waves him back imperiously. "Not today!" she cries. "Why not?" asks the landlord, with pardonable curiosity. "Because," the woman replied, "no pitiless storm of rain mingled with lcy sheet rages without!" The landlord grinds his teeth in impotent rage. He may trample under foot the promptings of his better nature, but not the conventionalities established by long usage—Detroit Journal. Not His Destination. A steamer was stopped in the mouth of the river owing to a dense sea fog. An old lady inquired of the captain the cause of the delay. "Can't see up the river," replied the captain. Now 41 per cent more than five years ago, while the average value per head of cattle has advanced 76 per cent above the low point of 1895. Mileh cows are worth 45 per cent more than in 1892, and their total value is 53 per cent greater than in 1896. Sheep are higher than for 20 years, worth about double on the farm what they were five years ago, and are fully 20 per cent higher during the early 80's. The total value of sheep in the country is 140 per cent greater than in 1896. Hogs have occasionally been worth more than now, but are selling at a high range, especially compared with cheap corn. The number of hogs is small compared with the increase of population and growth of export trade. "Farm real estate depreciated sharply during the hard times, but has more than recovered in value, and is now estimated to be worth $1,220,000,000 more than in 1889. The total investment in American agriculture is now placed at $17,550,000,000, a gain of nearly 10 per cent over the comparatively high basis of values of 1888. All these figures look large, but when the errors in the last agricultural census are understood and when it is remembered that the sales of poultry and eggs in the United States amount to over $300,000,000 a yearthe conservative nature of these statistics can be better understood." The American Agriculturist estimates that the number of farms in the United States has increased by some 400,000 during the past ten years, against a gain of nearly 600,000 in the previous decade and of 1,500,000 from 1870 to 1880, and affirms that a larger proportion of these farms (69 per cent) are occupied by their owners now than then, while the number of farms now under mortgage that are occupied by their owners is no greater than in 1890. As near as this authority can get it,the amount of mortgages on farms occupied by their owners is now about $300,000,000 less than at the beginning of the decade.Mortgages now average only about 27 per cent of the farms they are on.The rate of interest has declined and the great bulk of mortgages now in force was incurred to buy the farms or improve them. Try Allen's Foot-Ease. A powder to be shaken into the shoes. Your feet feel swollen,nervous and hot,and get tired easily. If you have smarting feet or tight shoes,try Allen's Foot-Ease. It cools the feet and makes walking easy.Cures swollen,sweating feet,introging nails,blisters and callous spots.Relieves corns and bunions all paused and rested comfortably and dugged and stores for £2c.Trial package free.Address Allen S.Olmsted,Le Roy,N.Y.,4p Giving a Super Chance. This is how a super, thus given an opportunity of distinguishing himself once delivered a few short lines descriptive of a man being picked up after a cab accident: "The hansom cab was picked up off the esplanade with a handkerchief tightly tied around its mouth. When removed,它 was found to be perfectly dead." Still the manager gave him another trial following evening,当 he acquitted himself as follows: "The esplanade was picked up off the manwith the hansom cab tightly tied around his mouth." etc. He was sent to back row again,marriage furtherThis is not an old business at that time,fourty days also as now,and be called a society note for tice of a wedding and info lec that by a late marriage's Lady is become to her own mother and th Son-in-law to his Sister-ln Expected Reduce Gran'pa Macpherson—does two and two make,Dick—Six. When you try to cultivate a layer of or 3 feet upon the top of an ash heap, you have a difficult and dangerous task. The dry stuff below will sap the moisture even more quickly than the air, and the sun will sap it from above. The latter you may prevent to a great extent by cultivation. But the downward sappling of the moisture you cannot prevent. If anything fails from neglect of watering at just the right time it is almost impossible to restore it to where it would have been, and, if the top layer is very thin, a very few hours will reduce the plant from prosperity to failure. Quite the reverse is the case when the subsoil is filled with moisture as far as the principles of good drainage allow. It will take a long neglect to injure plants or trees, and if they fail it will be but slightly at first. It will take several days, and often weeks, for them to fail so far that the damage cannot be repaired quite fully by irrigation of the top soil. The amount of water required to keep the subsoil in this right condition is much greater than is commonly supposed. Ordinary irrigation is rarely sufficient, even though continued through the year. It takes a large rainfall each year to do it, and if that rains then that amount should be put in with winter irrigation. One inch of rain wets dry ground about 10 inches if all goes in. But 20 inches of rain will not wet 200 inches, or anything like it. At least one-half is lost in runoff and evaporation from the surface. And 1 inch does not make 10 inches of soil as wet as it should be for the best results. For safety the subsoil should be kept damp down to 15 feet, and even more. Where the drainage is good enough to make the land safe for fruit trees, there is little danger of getting too much. And all that can be put on, up to the point of safe drainage, is an insurance policy of more or less value in all short years. Ordinary winter irrigation is not enough for this. On most soils, in winters like the last two, at least a foot and a half in depth of water should be put in. This would take for 10 acres 10 inches, twelve days' run, if it all went in. But it could not be put into most soils in twelve continuous days, or anything like it. Six irrigations, of two days' run, would be much nearer what is needed, and some time should elapse between them. Three years ago, with 16 inches of rain in Los Angeles, I found many places during the spring and summer where the proof was positive that the water had not come down over 4 feet, and many more where it had not penetrated over 5 feet. "Because," the woman replied, "no pitilless storm of rain mingled with ice sleet rages without!" The landlord grinds his teeth in impotent rage. He may trample under foot the promptings of his better nature, but not the conventionalities established by long usage.—Detroit Journal. Not His Destination. A steamer was stopped in the mouth of the river owing to a dense sea fog. An old lady inquired of the captain the cause of the delay. "Can't see up the river," replied the captain. "But I can see the stars overhead," continued the old lady. "Yes; but until the bollers bust we ain't a-going that way."—World's Comic. Happiness. Human happiness, according to the most received notions, seems to consist of three ingredients, action, pleasure and indolence. And though these ingredients ought to be mixed in different proportions, according to the particular disposition of the person, yet no one ingredient can be entirely wanting without destroying in some measure the relish of the whole composition. Habit. Habit hath so vast a prevalence over the human mind that there is scarcely anything too strange or too strong to be asserted of it. The story of the miser who, from being long accustomed to cheat others, came at last to cheat himself and with great delight and triumph picked his own pocket of a guinea to convey to his board is not impossible or improbable. Russian families, when moving to a new home, kindle the fire on the hearth with coal brought from the old residence. CASTORIA For Infants and Children. Giving a Super A Chance. This is how a super, thus given an opportunity of distinguishing himself once delivered a few short lines descriptive of a man being picked up after a cab accident: "The hansom cab was picked up off the esplanade with a handkerchief tightly tied around its mouth. When removed, it was found to be perfectly dead." Still the manager gave him another trial the following evening, when he acquitted himself as follows: "The esplanade was picked up off the man, with the hansom cab tightly tied around his mouth," etc. He was sent to the back row again, or maybe farther. This is not an unusual sample of what the average super can do. Naturally, therefore, managers look askance at training him. Criterion. Italian Babies. Babies seem to be no trouble in Italy, and one cannot but be struck by the number of them. These bambinos are often hung upon pegs in the front of the house, where they look out of their little black, beady eyes like papooses. I unhooked one of these babies once and held it awhile. Its back and little feet were held tightly against a strip of board so that it was quite stiff from its feet to its shoulders. It did not seem to object or to be at all uncomfortable, as it only howled while I was holding it. I have an idea that, except when invaded by foreigners, the bambino's existence is quite happy.—Lillian Bell in Woman's Home Companion. An Electric Dance. Take a pane of glass—a broken one will do—and secure it by placing the ends between the leaves of two large books, letting the glass be two inches from the table. Cut from lightweight writing paper, or better still, from tissue paper, dolls, dogs and other figures. Place them on the table beneath the glass. Rub the glass vigorously with a silk handkerchief, and the figures will cut all kinds of antics. It is strange, but true, that today will be yesterday tomorrow.—Chicago News. CASTORIA For Infants and Children. Women were in certain business at that time, for "taylors" advertise their two doors from Mrs. Chili. People liked to hear a lion those days also, as now, and be called a society note for tice of a wedding and inflict that "By a late marriage's the Lady is become to her own mother and that Son-in-law to his Sister-in-law. Expected Reduce. Gran'pa Macpherson—does two and two make, Donald—Six. Gran'pa—What are about? Two and two make, Donald—Yes, I know; but you'd "beat me down" a Punch. The Widew. It is said by an Atchis as soon as a woman is a well fixedness of purpose and ed in her plans as easily as cock on a barn. The way at it, but a woman who has husband to do the decold advantage when she has no way.—Atchison Globe Showing Him H: "You young scoundrel'll ther, selzing his disobedience hair. 'I'll show you how mother.' And he at once proceed young hopeful the way by across the ears two or three then shaking him until he fall out. Dew. Teacher—How do you ad phenomenon of dew? Boy—Well, you see, volves on its axis every in consequence of this tree it perspires freely.—London Eureka Harness Oil is preservative of new oil and your carriage top will not only look better longer. Sold everywhere in sizes from half pints to five made by STANDARD OIL CASTORIA The Kind You Have Always Bought, and which has been in use for over 30 years, has borne the signature of and has been made under his personal supervision since its infancy. Allow no one to deceive you in this. All Counterfeits, Imitations and Substitutes are but Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of Infants and Children—Experience against Experiment. What is CASTORIA Castoria is a substitute for Castor Oil, Paregoric, Drops and Soothing Syrups. It is Harmless and Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic substance. Its age is its guarantee. It destroys Worms and allays Feverishness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipation and Flatulency. It assimilates the Food, regulates the Stomach and Bowels, giving healthy and natural sleep. The Children’s Panacea—The Mother’s Friend. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS Bears the Signature of The Kind You Have Always Bought In Use For Over 30 Years. THE GENTAUR COMPANY, 72 MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK CITY. Too Much Bait For His Fish. They were passing a good story at the courthouse yesterday afternoon concerning a young lawyer who was admitted to practice a short time ago and recently hung out his shingle. His Credit. Embarrassed country dealer in a Boston wholesale grocery: "I would like to make a settlement." "How much can you pay?" "Seventy-five cents." "Very well," said Wholesale, "we will Southern Pacific Company. San Francisco and Los Angeles Limited—THE OWL.” Between Los Angeles and San Francisco daily. Leave Los Angeles 8 p.m., arrive San Francisco 10:45 am. Leave San Francisco 5 p.m., arrive Los Angeles 7:45 am. The Sunset Route offers unexcelled advent tages for winter travel, and an unequaled train service. Sunset Limited, season November to April. This is the most magnificent train in America, vestibulated throughout, illuminated with Pintsch gas and heated by steam. Every train is made up as follows: One composite car, containing bath-room, barber-shop, cafe, library and smoker; one compartment car with leather in each compartment and parlor for the special use of ladies, and a ladies maid in attendance; as many double drawing-room, ten-section sleepers as may be necessary, with toilet annexes, one dining-car, meals served a la carte. 1899 — SUNSET EXCURSIONS — 1899 Through Tourist Sleepers from Los Angeles: To Washington, D. C., via New Orleans, 2 p.m.; Tuesday, Thursdays, and Saturdays. To Chicago, Ill., via El Paso 2 p.m.; Tuesday. To Chicagoatti, Ohio, via New Orleans, 2 p.m.; Fridays and Sundays. OGDEN ROUTE EXCURSIONS. To St. Paul, via Sioux City, 12:40 pm; Thursdays. To Chicago. Mondays. Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays. Leave Los Angeles 12:40 pm. SHASTA ROUTE EXCURSIONS. To Portland, St. Paul and Minneapolis, Mondays, 10:20 pm. First and second-class tickets for sale at Anaheim at Los Angeles prices, and baggage checked through to any point in the United States, Canada or Mexico. Our local train service is unexcelled for comfort. Day coaches are equipped with the celebrated, Scarritt seats, luxuriously upholstered, and passengers for Los Angeles are landed right in the center of the business part of the city—at First street or Commercial street—within a block of the large wholesale houses. Our connection at Mojave for the famous gold mining camp of Randsburg is superb; good hotel at Mojave and elegant stage coaches through to the city of gold. Farce from Anaheim to Fannahburg, 47:55. Family communication tickets for sale between Anaheim and Los Angeles, and other local points at greatly reduced rates. Limit six months. For further information, call at the Southern Pacific depot at Anaheim. T. A. PARLING, Agent. G. W. LUCE, Asst. Gen Pass. Agt., Los Angeles, 261 South Spring St. Pacific Coast Steamship Co. The Company's elegant Steamers SANTA ROSA and CORONA leave Redondo at 11 a.m. and Port Los Angeles at 2:30 p.m. for San Francisco via Santa Barbara and Port Harford March 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30. April 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, 27. May 1, and every fourth day thereafter. Leave Port Los Angeles at 5:45 a.m. and Redondo at 10:45 a.m. for San Diego March 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24; August 1, 5, 9, 13, 17; January 21, 25; May 3; and every fourth day thereafter. Too Much Bait For His Fish. They were passing a good story at the courthouse yesterday afternoon concerning a young lawyer who was admitted to practice a short time ago and recently hung out his shingle. His office isn't a very pretentious affair, but he didn't think it necessary to apologize to his friends for his little eight by ten, with several feet partitioned off for the use of his "clerk." The other day lightning struck, and the door opened slowly, while a voice charged with a strong Irish accent asked if the lawyer was in. "James," said the rising disciple of Blackstone, getting up from a couch at the time, "I wish you'd step around to the First National bank and tell them that the amount of that draft isn't quite right. It should be $1,575, instead of $1,525, and before you return drop into Mr. Johngre's office and tell him I've collected that $3,500 claim for him. While you're there, step across the hall and inform Mr. Fogoboll that unless note for $10,000 is paid in the morning I shall begin preclosure proceedings. Don't lose any time, as I've a great deal of work for you this morning." "Be hlvins!" gasped the client prospective, who had progressed as far as the doorway into the inner office, "this be's no place fer me wild er two dollar fifty clnt claim ter k'lect." And he departed.—Milwaukee Wisconsin. Things They Did In 1700. An advertisement in a facsimile issue of a Maryland paper in 1773 shows that the housewives of that day used cooking utensils of a kind that only a favored few can afford to use now. A copersmith "from Lancaster" living "Baltimore-Town" advertises copper fish and wash kettles, copper and brass brewing kettles, saucepans, coffee and chocolate pots, stewpans and Dutch ovens. There was plenty of help in the household then with the slaves. Several advertisements refer to them. In one a "Commission and Insurance Broker" "Gratefully acknowledges the favors of his friends, and hopes for a continuance of their correspondence." He has now for false, a Pocket of good HOPS, a 10 inch new CABLE—and wants to buy a NEGRO GIRL, about 12 years old." Women were in certain kinds of business at that time, for a firm of "taylors" advertise their business as two doors from Mrs. Chilton's tavern. People liked to hear a little gossip in those days also, as now, and what may be called a society note follows the notice of a wedding and informs the public that "By a late marriage in St. Mary's the Lady is become Sister-in-law to her own mother and the Gentleman Son-in-law to his Sister-in-law." Expected Reduction. Gran'pa Macpherson—How many does two and two make, Donald? Donald—Six. Credit. Embarrassed country dealer in a Boston wholesale grocery: "I would like to make a settlement." "How much can you pay?" "Seventy-five cents." "Very well," said Wholesale, "we will close the account." "I suppose you will continue to let me have goods?" said Retail. "Not a dollar's worth," responded Wholesale, and the former, discouraged, dropped into a chair. Embarrassed retailer No. 2 stepped to the desk and wanted to settle. "How much do you offer?" "五 cents." "All right," said the unembarrassed Wholesale. "Can I have any more goods?" "All you want." Retail No. 1, rising: "How is this? I propose paying you 15 cents on the dollar, and you refuse me credit. This man offers you only 5 cents, and you will trust him with all he wants." "My dear sir," exclaimed Wholesale, "you are paying too much. You won't have any capital left with which to commence business again." Whereupon the creditless retailer weat his way, wondering who originated the proverb, "Honesty is the best policy."—New York Observer. Fool Luck. “You can bet it is always a fool for luck,” said the man who has had his nose to the grindstone all his life. “Now, there was Jack Shane of Tennessee, who drew $25,000 in a lottery. Jack didn't know enough to go in out of the wet, but he had a little money, and he bought a ticket that won, while I got ten and didn't fetch a cent. The winning number was 42, and when I saw Jack I asked him how he happened to take that number.” Well, he said, “you see, it was this way: I had a dream one night, and I dreamed that the door of my room opened all of a sudden and a big number seven walked in. Then right after it came other sevens and more and more till the room was chuck full and I was about smothered under them. Then I woke up and began thinking it over. I knew that one seven wasn't the number to draw nor 77 nor 7,777; for there was a million of them, and no lottery had that many numbers. But I figured awhile and at last made up my mind that seven times seven was 42, and 42 was the number, so I drawn that one. That was all there was to it.’ “Now,” concluded the talker, “if that isn't a case of a fool for luck what the dickens is it?”—Washington Star. Savage Crabs. The most savage specimen of the crab species is found in Japan, seeming to dream of nothing but fighting—to delight in nothing half so much. The minute he spies another of his kind he scrapes his claws together in rage, challenging him to the combat. Not a Women were in certain kinds of business at that time, for a firm of "taylors" advertise their business as two doors from Mrs. Chilton's tavern. People liked to hear a little gossip in those days also, as now, and what may be called a society note follows the notice of a wedding and informs the public that "By a late marriage in St. Mary's the Lady is become Sister-in-law to her own mother and the Gentleman Son-in-law to his Sister-in-law." Expected Reduction. Gran'pa Macpherson—How many does two and two make, Donald? Donald—Six. Gran'pa—What are you talking about? Two and two make four. Donald—Yes, I know; but I thought you'd "beat me down" a bit!—London Punch. The Widow. It is said by an Atchison cynic that as soon as a woman is a widow she loses all fixedness of purpose and can be turned in her plans as easily as the weather-cock on a barn. The women will sniff at it, but a woman who has once had a husband to do the deciding is at a disadvantage when she has no one to blaze the way.—Atchison Globe. Showing Him How. "You young scoundrel!" said the father, seizing his disobedient son by the hair. "I'll show you how to treat your mother." And he at once proceeded to show young hopeful the way by banging him across the ears two or three times and then shaking him until his hair began to fall out. Dew. Teacher—How do you account for the phenomenon of dew? Boy—Well, you see, the earth revolves on its axis every 24 hours, and in consequence of this tremendous pace, it perspires freely.—London Tit-Bits. Eureka Harness Oil is the best preservative of new leather and the best renovator of old leather. It oils, softens, blackens and protects. Use Eureka Harness Oil on your best harness, your old harness, and your carriage top, and they will not only look better but wear longer. Sold everywhere in cans—all sizes from half pints to five gallons. Made by STANDARD OIL CO. Savage Crabs. The most savage specimen of the crab species is found in Japan, seeming to dream of nothing but fighting—to delight in nothing half so much. The minute he spies another of his kind he scrapes his claws together in rage, challenging him to the combat. Not a moment is wasted in preliminaries, but at it they go, hammer and tongs. It sounds like two rocks grinding against one another as their claws rattle against the hard shells. The sand files as the warriors push each other hither and thither until at last one of them stretches himself out in the sun, tired to death. But he does not beg for mercy or attempt to run away, only feebly rubbing his claws together in defiance of the foe. That foe comes closer, and with his claws trembling with joy at his victory, the conqueror catches hold of one claw of the vanquished crab, twists it until it comes off, and bears away the palpitating limb as a trophy of his prowess. Such is a battle between warrior crabs. Time to Give Up. An Iowa judge recently related an amusing incident that had occurred in his court when a colored man was brought up for some petty offense. The charge was read, and as the statement "The state of Iowa against John Jones" was read in a loud voice the colored man's eyes bulged nearly out of their sockets and he seemed overcome with terror and astonishment. When he was asked if he had anything to say or pleaded guilty or not guilty, he gasped out: "Well, yo' honah, ef de whole state o' Iowa is ag'in dis one pore niggah I'ze gwine to give up right now!" The Persians in 516 B.C. invented a transparent glass varnish, which they laid over sculptured rocks to preserve them from bad weather. This coating has listed to our day while the rocks benath are honeycombed. Built That Way. "The worm will turn," she said. "Of course," he replied. "The worm is built on a plan that makes turning comparatively easy. It's more or less of a turn itself."—Chicago Post.