anaheim-gazette 1900-02-01

Anaheim VOLUME XXX. DR. IDA MENGES BOYD. DENTIST Metz Building, Anaheim. feb24 DR. F. H. HOUCK DENTIST. OFFICE NEXT DOOR to P. O. (Federman Block, up stairs.) HOURS 9 to 5 ANAHEIM CAL. jy1547 S. G. WILSON, M. D. Office and Residence: Over H. A. Dickel's Store. CENTER ST., Anaheim. Paul A. Derge. Graduate in Pharmacy. DRUGS, MEDICINES, Perfumes and Toilet Articles. BEST 5-CENT CIGAR IN TOWN MEDICAL HALL, KOLL BLOCK. PUBLIC TELEPHONE OFFICE. Dr. A. W. Bickford OFFICE OPPOSITE POSTOFFICE. Telephone Central. Residence near Christian Church. Telephone 671. ANAHEIM, CAL. PIANOS ***** IF YOU CONTEMPLATE THE PURCHASE of a Piano and want a reliable make at a moderate price you should not fail to look at our large and handsome stock of fine Pianos, which we offer to the music loving people of Orange county at prices we defy our Los Angeles competitors to meet. Sold on Easy Payments. Old Instruments taken in Exchange. Owing to our low rents we guarantee to undersell our competitors from $25 to $50 on Every Piano. Patronize a home concern that is here to make good its representations and you take no risk. We have on exhibition at Derge's drug store in Anaheim one of our popular Ricca pianos, one of the best pianos ever sold on the coast for the money. This is but one of a dozen different makes we carry in stock. PYNE MUSIC CO., Cor. 5th and Main Sts., Santa Ana, Cal. Heart, Rheumatism, Kidney, Bladder and Diseases of a Specific Nature CURED by the use of this Balsam. Simple in its application and certain of beneficial results DOSE: One teaspoonful after each meal. Perfumes and Toilet Articles. BEST 5-CENT CIGAR IN TOWN MEDICAL HALL, KOLL BLOCK. PUBLIC TELEPHONE OFFICE. Dr. A. W. Bickford OFFICE OPPOSITE POSTOFFICE. Telephone Central. Residence near Christian Church. Telephone 671. ANAHEIM, CAL. G. S. EDDY, M. D. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. OFFICE—First door East of Boston Bakery. Residence—The Witte residence on Center St. opposite Catholic Church. CALLS ANSWERED AT ALL HOURS. ANAHEIM, CAL. HERBERT JOHNSTON, M. D. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. Office and Residence: Los Angeles St., 3 doors south of Boyd's store. Telephone 636.... Office Hours: 9 a.m. to 10 a.m. 2:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. 7 p.m. to 8 p.m., evenings. RICHARD MELROSE ATTORNEY-AT-LAW And Notary Public. Special attention given to Probate Matters. —Center Street, Anaheim. CHARLES BAUER Blacksmithing and Wagon-Making Center St., Anaheim. Having purchased the shop formerly conducted by H. A. Stough, I take this means of soliciting a share of the public patronage, guaranteeing all work performed by me. HORSESHOEING a SPECIALTY L. GUNTHER. PIONEER BOOT AND SHOE MAKER. Corner Adele and Los Angeles Sts. L. NEMETZ, Carriage Painting & Trimming New Buggies for Sale. Shop on Center St., near Opera-house, Anaheim. LITTLE GEM BARBER SHOP Frank Dyer, Prop. First-Class Tonsorial Artists. Shop 1 door east of McCollum's cyclery. PYNE MUSIC CO., Cor. 5th and Main Sts., . Santa Ana, Cal. Heart, Siberian Balsam Rheumatism, Kidney, Bladder and Diseases of a Specific Nature CURED by the use of this Balsam. Simple in its application and certain of beneficial results DOSE: One teaspoonful after each meal. This medicine is not for sale in the general market, and can only be had by addressing ALEX DE BORRA, ELSINORE, CAL. CONSULTATION, by letter or in person, FREE. Anaheim Bakery, PETER SYRE, PROPRIETOR. FRESH BREAD CAKES & PIES CONFECTIONERY, ETC. Wedding Cakes a Specialty. Los Angeles and Cypress Sts ONLY FIRST-CLASS RESTAURANT! —IN TOWN— In Connection with Boston Bakery. S. KISTLER, PROPRIETOR. A. FREISE, ...KEeps THE FINEST OF... Wines, Liquors And Cigars. LOS ANGELES BEER ON DRAUGHT. Koll Block, Los Angeles Street. JOSEPH BACKS, Undertaker and Embalmer DEALER IN Furniture and Bedding Repairing Done. N. HART'S PLACE. The Weekly Gazette, Established 1870. SUBSCRIPTION, - $1 50 Per Year. Six months....$1 00 Three months....$75 Payable invariably in advance. Transient advertising rates, $1 per inch per month. The GAZETTE is issued every Thursday morning. Entered at the Anaheim Postoffice as second-class matter. RAILWAY TIME TABLE. Time of Arrival and Departure of Trains. SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD. Trains on the Southern Pacific pass Anaheim as follows: To Los Angeles. From Los Angeles. Daily.....7:52 am Daily.....9:49 am Daily.....4:23 pm Daily.....6:03 pm Pass Loaar Station. From Los Angeles. Daily.....7:56 am Daily.....9:45 am Daily.....4:27 pm Daily.....5:59 pm LOS ALAMITOS TRAINS. Leave for— 9:49 a.m. Sugar Factory 7:52 a.m. 6:03 p.m. Alamitos trains do not run on Sundays. NEWPORT BEACH RAILWAY. Daily Schedule. Leave Anaheim. Arrive Anaheim 9:49 a.m. 7:52 a.m. 6:03 p.m. All trains connect at Santa Ana with Newport trains. SANTA FE ROUTE. Local time table. In effect November 10. Trains on the Santa Fe route leave Anaheim as follows for points named: Los Angeles—7:55 am, *10:02 am, 11:19 am, 4:54 pm. Pasadena, San Bernardino and intermediate points (via Los Angeles)—7:55 am, *10:19 am, 11:19 am. San Bernardino and Riverside (via Orange)—9:41 am, *10:47 am, 5:50 pm. San Diego—9:41 am, 2:50 pm. Santa Ana—9:41 am, 2:50 pm. Redlands—9:41 am, *10:47 am. San Jacinto, Temecula and intermedia points—*10:47 am.* New Buggies for Sale. Shop on Center St., near Opera-house, Anaheim. LITTLE GEM BARBER SHOP Frank Dyer, Prop. First-Class Tonsorial Artists. Shop 1 door east of McCollum's cyclery. We keep constantly on hand the best of hair Restorer, Dandruff Cures, and other articles found in a well-appointed barber shop. A share of the public patronage solicited GO TO THE Oak Barber Shop FOR A FIRST-CLASS SHAVE OR HAIR CUT. TWO DOORS WEST OF BANK. HUSMANN BROS. Shanley & Nebelung REAL ESTATE For Sale and Exchange. Houses Rented, Collections Made and Taxes attended to. F. A. Yungbluth Merchant Tailor FALL and WINTER GOODS of the latest and finest patterns at prices that defy competition. Fine workmanship. Try us. Los Angeles St., 3 doors north of Center St. Send your LACE CURTAINS to The Santa Ana Steam Laundry Every facility for doing the best work. E. W. McCollum, Agent, Anaheim ON DRAUGHT. Koll Block, Los Angeles Street. JOSEPH BACKS, Undertaker and Embalmer DEALER IN Furniture and Bedding Repairing Done. N. HART'S PLACE. SCHLITZ MILWAUKEE BEER ON DRAUGHT. DEALER IN... FINE LIQUORS! AND... Choice Wines FOR MEDICINAL PURPOSES, Fine Domestic and Imported Cigars. Headquarters for the famo & Schlitz, Milwaukee, beer. F. BACKS, UNDERTAKER And Dealer in FURNITURE. Wall Paper, Cornices, Window Shades, Picture Frames, Upholstery Goods, Paints, Oils and Glass Sewing Machine Supplies, Etc. Cor. Los Angeles & Chartres St. GRAY BROTHERS & WARD Cement Contractors Shillinger Patent. Contracts for RESERVOIRS, IRRIGATION DITCHES, Cellar and Stable Floors, Sidewalks Etc. OFFICES—No. 125 N. Broadway, Los Angeles Col. Telephone—236. No. 316 Montgomery St., San Francisco Cal. MANUEL S. BAEZ ED. BUSTAMENTE BAEZ & BUSTAMENTE Painters and Paper-Hangers All work entrusted to our care will be given prompt attention, and performed with neatness and dispatch. A share of the public Alamitos trains do not run on Sundays. NEWPORT BEACH RAILWAY. Daily Schedule. Leave Anaheim. Arrive Anaheim 9:49 a.m. 7:52 a.m. 6:03 p.m. 4:23 p.m. All trains connect at Santa Ana with Newport trains. SANTA FE ROUTE. Local time table. In effect November 10th. Trains on the Santa Fe route leave Anaheim as follows for points named: Los Angeles—7:55 am, *10:02 am, 11:19 am, 4:54 pm. Pasadena, San Bernardino and intermidiate points (via Los Angeles)—7:55 am, *10:02 am, 11:19 am. San Bernardino and Riverside (via Orange)—9:41 am, *10:47 am, 5:50 pm. San Diego—9:41 am, 2:50 pm. Santa Ana—9:41 am, 2:50 pm, 5:50 pm. Redlands—9:41 am, *10:47 am. San Jacinto, Temecula and intermediate points—*10:47 am. Escondido*2:50 pm. Overland to Chicago, Denver, Kansas City and all points East—7:55 am, 9:41 am.*10:47 am. Chicago Limited-4:54 pm Sunday, Tuesday Thursday and Saturday only. Trains marked with a * are daily except Sunday. All others daily. PALACE MEAT MARKET F. W. Fleischmann PROPRIETOR. Best Meats the Market Afford Always on Hand. Also keeps on hand Sausage Bacon, Ham, Lard, Etc. Meats delivered to all parts of the city free of charge. Shop on East Center St. CITIZENS' BANK OF ANAHEIM Hippolyte Cahen . Presides W. T. Brown . Vice Presides J. Hartung , Cash DIRECTORS. Kaspare Cohn, W. T. Brown Richard Melrose, J. Hartung Hippolyte Cahen. STOCKHOLDERS Kaspare Cohen, H. W. Hellman, W. Brown R. Melrose, John Hartung, R. Creges, M. A. Newmark & Co., Pierre Nicole H. Cahen, T. J. F. Boege CORRESPONDENTS; Farmers' and Merchants' Bank of Los Angeles London, Paris and American Bank, San Francisco Importers' and Traders' National Bank York City, N.Y.; Exchange Bank, Santa Exchanges for sale on all principal cities in the United States and Foreign Countries. ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1900. BACTERIA IN AGRICULTURE. The Majority of Them Are the Farmer's Most Industrious Friends. The word bacteria is becoming a household one. After having been neglected for some thousands of years these little organisms are at last receiving the attention due them. You have all heard and read so much concerning bacteria that it will not be necessary to devote time to a recital of the elementary facts concerning them. These facts are coming to be known by all classes. I shall take it for granted that you understand that bacteria are microscopic plants, not wriggling, squirting animals going about seeking what they may devour; that they are of the simplest structure, being principally spherical, elongated or rod-like; that so minute are they that they readily pass through the pores of many solid substances; that they are practically omnipresent; that the various species have different characteristics—some requiring oxygen, for example, while others do not; that they multiply with enormous rapidity by fission; that their food supply must, as a rule, be free from acid; that, besides food and moisture, they require a proper temperature for growth; and that as they grow they produce a great variety of chemical changes. I shall omit a discussion of these interesting features of the subject, and shall pass on to a brief discussion of some of the work done by these organisms. Bacteria are in agriculture to a greater extent than is commonly realized. But for their presence the farmer would soon find himself without an occupation. To be sure, a few bacteria have learned bad habits and behave in a shameful and destructive manner, but the majority of them are the farmer's city is greatest during warm weather in a properly aerated soil containing sufficient moisture and phosphoric acid and a small amount of alkali. If, however, the activity of the nitrifying bacteria is sufficiently great to form nitric acid more rapidly than it is used by plants, the acid combines with a base to form a nitrate. Nitrates, unlike other salts furnishing plant food, are highly soluble and consequently are readily leached out of the soil by rain or irrigating water. Saltpeter farming, as practised in southern Europe and Southern Asia, was based on the principles just set forth. By producing the proper conditions for the activity of the nitrifying bacteria, and by adding ashes to furnish the potassium, as well as furnishing a cover to prevent leaching, salpeter (potassium nitrate) was obtained from the refuse from towns, barnyards and pastures. Likewise the beds of sodium nitrate (commonly called Chile saltpeter) are believed to be deposits due to the activity of nitrifying bacteria in masses of marine vegetation that had been lifted to the present level by an upheaval of the land. The region being rainless, no leaching away occurs. Thus not only is the nitrogen of decaying organic matter being made available to plants continually by bacteria, but through their agency during past ages large quantities of valuable plant food have been stored and are now available for increasing the output of the farm. If, then, there were no losses of nitrogen in any way through the action of bacteria, the same supply could be used over and over again, and this element of plant food would remain undimished. But this is not the case. Most of the use of nitrogen compounds in the arts and sciences withdraws nitrogen from the plant food cycle. Whenever a plant or other substance containing nitrogen is burned free nitrogen escapes as organic matter decays. Likewise nitrogen compounds are continually being carried into the ocean, whence only a small percentage returns to land plants. A fifth cause of loss of nitrogren is the action of a group of bacteria that borne power of decomposing nitrates. CALIFORNIA'S ORANGE CROWS. Rapid Increase of the Industry in Southern California—Cost and Profits of an Orange Grove. These are the liveliest days of the year in the Southern California valley where oranges are grown. The groves are noisy with hundreds of men and boys picking the golden fruit; the packing-houses are as busy as the proverbial beehive with thousands of men women, boys and girls packing the fruit in boxes, and the shippers are for business all day long. The yield oranges this season will be between 14,000 and 14,500 carloads, or between 4,200,000 and 4,500,000 boxes. They has never before been such a yield oranges in California. Last year the crop was about 9000 carloads, and the year before it was 8000 carloads. The prices, too, are the best in ten years. In a general way the present orange crop is worth to the growers about $600,000. The railroad companies want about $2,600,000 for hauling their product to market, and the shipmen who are practically speculators in angles, may make tens of thousands dollars more from the output of the season. These are wonderful figures when one considers that ten or twelve years ago orange growing in California was in its infancy. The increase in duty on foreign oranges helps the Californians amazingly, and ruin of the Florida groves by freeze in December four years ago has left California growers with little competition in the United States. Groves that will yield their owners a net profit $150 an acre this season are common. Here and there are older groves being superior fruit which will yield their owners $350 to $375 an acre profit. But the growers have had their share of hard times and discouragements. In the winter of 1892-93, Bacteria are in agriculture to a greater extent than is commonly realized. But for their presence the farmer would soon find himself without an occupation. To be sure, a few bacteria have learned bad habits and behave in a shameful and destructive manner, but the majority of them are the farmer's most industrious assistants. It is of these helpful ones that I shall speak especially. Success in agriculture is based upon fertility of the soil. The soil's fertility varies with the plant food it contains. This plant food consists of a few elements, of which the most variable and the most expensive to replace, if exhausted, is nitrogen. While several elements are indispensable to plant growth, among which are phosphorus and sulphur, as well as nitrogen, the latter may be considered the most important. It is a prominent and indispensable ingredient of protoplasm, the living substance to which all the constructive and destructive processes of plant life are due. Nitrogen is used by plants chiefly when combined with oxygen and hydrogen to form nitric acid, or when the hydrogen of the acid is replaced with a base to form nitrate. Nitric acid is formed in the soil by the addition of oxygen to nitrous acid, and the latter by the union of oxygen with ammonia. Ammonia is formed by the combination of hydrogen with nitrogen. The chief source of nitrogen in the soil is humus, the remains of decayed plants and animals. The steps then, in the formation of nitric acid, the most important part of a plant's diet, are: First, the setting free of nitrogenous matter by the decay of organic bodies that fall upon the soil; second, the formation of ammonia by the union of nitrogen with hydrogen; third, the formation of nitrous acid by the union of oxygen with ammonia; fourth, the further oxidation of nitrous acid to nitric acid. Thus from organic matter must be formed in an organic compound before the nitrogen contained will be available to plants. Nitrogen can be used by crops neither directly from organic matter containing it nor in a free state. It can be taken only from one of the organic compounds. The agent or agents that produce these changes from dead organic matter to mineral compounds must be very important to the farmer—how important we will now consider. It is now well known that all decay is due to the activity of various species of bacteria. A forest tree, an animal or an herb falls to the ground and is soon attacked by myriads of organisms that ultimately bring about entire disolution. This action upon fallen foliage and other parts of trees and smaller plants has caused the accumulation of the humus formed in soils when the forest cover is cleared away. The changes in the manure pile and in the compost heap, the decay of stubble, weeds and green plants covered by the plow of the farmer are further examples of the desirable changes that occur as result of the activity of decay bacteria. But for this disintegration of dead organic matter the matter would eventually be overlaid with lifeless forms of plants and animals, and vegetation would be entirely choked out. As this decay progresses various sub-creatures in agriculture to a greater extent than is commonly realized. But for their presence the farmer would soon find himself without an occupation. To be sure, a few bacteria have learned bad habits and behave in a shameful and destructive manner, but the majority of them are the farmer's most industrious assistants. It is of these helpful ones that I shall speak especially. Success in agriculture is based upon fertility of the soil. The soil's fertility varies with the plant food it contains. This plant food consists of a few elements, of which the most variable and the most expensive to replace, if exhausted, is nitrogen. While several elements are indispensable to plant growth, among which are phosphorus and sulphur, as well as nitrogen, the latter may be considered the most important. It is a prominent and indispensable ingredient of protoplasm, the living substance to which all the constructive and destructive processes of plant life are due. Nitrogen is used by plants chiefly when combined with oxygen and hydrogen to form nitric acid, or when the hydrogen of the acid is replaced with a base to form nitrate. Nitric acid is formed in the soil by the addition of oxygen to nitrous acid, and the latter by the union of oxygen with ammonia. Ammonia is formed by the combination of hydrogen with nitrogen. The chief source of nitrogen in the soil is humus, the remains of decayed plants and animals. The steps then, in the formation of nitric acid, the most important part of a plant's diet, are: First, the setting free of nitrogenous matter by the decay of organic bodies that fall upon the soil; second, the formation of ammonia by the union of nitrogen with hydrogen; third, the formation of nitrous acid by the union of oxygen with ammonia; fourth, the further oxidation of nitrous acid to nitric acid. Thus from organic matter must be formed in an organic compound before the nitrogen contained will be available to plants. Nitrogen can be used by crops neither directly from organic matter containing it nor in a free state. It can be taken only from one of the organic compounds. The agent or agents that produce these changes from dead organic matter to mineral compounds must be very important to the farmer—how important we will now consider. It is now well known that all decay is due to the activity of various species of bacteria. A forest tree, an animal or an herb falls to the ground and is soon attacked by myriads of organisms that ultimately bring about entire disolution. This action upon fallen foliage and other parts of trees and smaller plants has caused the accumulation of the humus formed in soils when the forest cover is cleared away. The changes in the manure pile and in the compost heap, the decay of stubble, weeds and green plants covered by the plow of the farmer are further examples of the desirable changes that occur as result of the activity of decay bacteria. But for this disintegration of dead organic matter the matter would eventually be overlaid with lifeless forms of plants and animals, and vegetation would be entirely choked out. But more important than the free nitrogen-fixing bacteria are those that attach themselves to the roots of one family of plants. You are all familiar with the discovery of Hellriegel, twelve years ago; that the nodules that had been observed on leguminous plants for many years contained and were due to bacteria that had had power to seize and fix atmospheric nitrogen, not only for their own use, but for the use of the plants whose roots furnished them a lodging. Since this discovery peas, beans, clover lupines and other members of the legume or the pea family have been appreciated as never before. It seems obvious that to the symbiotic relationship that has existed between these plants and their nitrogen-fixing tenants during past ages is due to existence of much of the plant food found in virgin soils. Thus far I have simply stating facts and calling attention to biological principles, without stopping to point out their practical bearing upon the problems that confront the farmer in his every-day work. It is important that we have definite knowledge before we act along any line. A knowledge of the principles underlying the growth of crops is very important to farmers. These are wonderful things when one considers that ten or twenty years ago orange growing in California was in its infancy. The increase in the California oranges has helped California growers with little competition in the United States. Groves will yield their owners a net profit $150 an acre this season are common. Here and there are older groves being superior fruit which will yield their owners $350 to $375 an acre eclipse profit. But the growers have had share of hard times and discouragements. In the winter of 1892-93, when the yield was unusually heavy and fruit in fine condition, there were buyers or shippers, and a crop who ordinarily would have sold for $1,200 brought less than half the expense of transporting it tothe Eastern mets. Many growers became insolvent through their losses that year, and many more put mortgages on their property and hoped for better days. 1895the crop was visited by frosts; in a few hours one January night; 000,000 worth of oranges were made saleable. The magnitude ofthe orange industry surprises most Easterners in California forthe first time.The Los Angeles Express recently estimated total capital invested in orange growing in this State at $44,000,000industry is almost wholly confinedthe seven southernmost counties—Angeles,Riverside,San BernardinoOrangeSan Diego,Santa BarbaraVentura.In thesethe orange growercomprise an areaof 48,000 acres.numberoforangetreesinbearingSouthernCaliforniaisputat2,072andthenumberofnon-bearingtreesplacedat1,227,300.Withtheproductiveness,theannualcropwillbewardof27,000carloads,andatlikeloseofthesessiontheCalnianswillsell theirproductforseethinglike$10,000,000. The orange-harvesting seasoninState beginsinearlyDecemberreachesitshigh-watermarkaboutmiddleofFebruary,andcontinuestilJune.A few weeks previoustopickingtimethewholesale shippingtheroundsofthegroves.Experiencesguesswithin100boxeswhata ten-acrewillwill yield.Sbuyershavearrangementsfromyearyearwithgrowers,mustmostproducersprefertomakenewcontaineachseason.Theagentinspectergrovesandoffersacertainpriceboxoracertainamountforthenoctrees,andthererespondioftheownerceases.Theshippinghis pickersandpackersatwork.growerreceiveshischeck,andanyearisbegin. Atthe orange-pickingtimetheytryismarveltotheEasterner.LSingonhisladderthepickerLookingovergroveaftergroveoforanges.offlowers,a acresofgoldeneschoolpatchesofdawdales,belleyellowviolets;and finallyhiseyeontheSierraMadrestwenty吨milesaway—the gardenwallothHesperides.His nostrilsinhalmaodoroftheorangeblossomwhicheyeseethesnowbanksofwindthegreatmountainpeaks.Theopicker,however,hass littlerespendontheestheticsofthesubheispickingagaintimeandthistimeiswaiting. The packing-housemaybethethreetimeslargerthanthelaburnintheEastThereareuntwo floors—thebasementforstorematerialsteamorchainsandroomsford manufacturedseason.Thearewonderfulignightwhenone considersthattenortwentyyearsagoorangegrowinginCaliforniawasinitsinfancy.TheincreasethedutyfortoreignorangeshashelpedCaliforniagrowerswithlittlecompetitionintheUnitedStates.Groveswillyieldtheownersanetprofit$150anacrethisseasonarecommon.Hereandthereareoldergrovesbeingsuperiorfruitwhichwillyieldtheowners$350to$375anacreeclipseprofit.ButthegrowershavehadshareofhardtimesanddiscouragementsInthewinterof1892-93winterwasunusuallyheavyandfruitinfineconditiontherewerebuyersorshippers,anda cropwhordinarilywouldhave Soldfor$1,200broughtlessthanhalftheexpenseoftransportingittotheEasternmets.Manygrowersbecameinsolventthroughtheirlossesthatyear,andmanymoreputmortgagesonthepropertyandhopedforbetterdays.$1895thecropwasvisitedbyfrosts.ina fewhoursoneJanuarynight;000,000worthoforangesweremadesaleable. The magnitudeoftheorangeindustrysurprisesmostEasternersinCaliforniaforthefirsttime.TheLos AngelesExpressrecentlyestimatedtotalcapital投资in橙苗growinginthisStateat$44,000,000industryis almostwhollyconfidenstheseven Southernmostcounties—Angeles,Riverside,San BernardinoOrangeSan Diego,Santa BarbaraVentura.Inthesethe Orangegrowercompriseanareaof48,000acres.numberoforangetreesinbearingSouthernCaliforniaisputat2,072andthenumberofnon-bearingtreesplacedat1,227,300.Withtheproductiveness,theannualcropwillbewardof27,000carloads,andatlikeloseofthesessionthecalnianswillsell theirproductforseethinglike$10,000,000. The orange-harvesting seasoninState beginsinearlyDecemberreachesitshigh-watermarkaboutmiddleofFebruary,andcontinuestilJune.A few weeks previoustopickingtimethewholesale shippingtheroundsofthegroves.Experiencesguesswithin100boxeswhata ten-acrewillwill yield.Sbuyershavearrangementsfromyearyearwithgrowers,mustmostproducersprefertomakenewcontaineachseason.Theagentinspectergrovesandofferingattentiontobiologicalprincipleswithoutstoppingtopointout their practical bearing upontheproblemsthat confrontthefarmerinhisevery-dayworkItisimportantthatwehavedefiniteknowledgebeforeweactalonganyline.Aknowledgeoftheprinciplesunderlyingthe Growthofcropsisveryimportanttofarmers. Thesearewonderfulignightwhenone considersthat十or twentyyearsagoorangegrowinginCaliforniawasinitsinfancy.TheincreasethedutyfortoreignorangeshashelpedCaliforniagrowerswithlittlecompetitionintheUnitedStates.Groveswillyieldtheownersanetprofit$150anacrethisseasonarecommon.Hereandthereareoldergrovesbeingsuperiorfruitwhichwillyieldtheowners$350to$375anacreeclipseprofit.ButthegrowershavehadshareofhardtimesanddiscouragementsInthewinterof1892-93winterwasunusuallyheavyandfruitinfineconditiontherewerebuyersorshippers,anda cropwhordinarilywouldhave Soldfor$1,200broughtlessthanhalftheexpenseoftransportingittotheEasternmets.Manygrowersbecameinsolventthroughtheirlossesthatyear,andmanymoreputmortgagesonthepropertyandhopedforbetterdays.$1895thecropwasvisitedbyfrosts.ina fewhoursoneJanuarynight;000,000worthoforangesweremadesaleable. The magnitudeoftheorangeindustrysurprisesmostEasternersinCaliforniaforthefirsttime.TheLos AngelesExpressrecentlyestimatedtotalcapital投资in橙苗growinginthisStateat$44,000,000industryis almostwhollyconfidenstheseven Southernmostcounties—Angeles,Riverside,San BernardinoOrangeSan Diego,Santa BarbaraVentura.Inthesethe Orangegrowercompriseanareaof48,000acres.numberoforangetreesinbearingSouthernCaliforniaisputat2,072andthenumberofnon-bearingtreesplacedat1,227,300.Withtheproductiveness,theannualcropwillbewardof27,000carloads,andatlikeloseofthesessionthecalnianswillsell theirproductforseethinglike$10,000,000. The orange-harvesting seasoninState beginsinearlyDecemberreachesitshigh-watermarkaboutmiddleofFebruary,andcontinuestilJune.A few weeks previoustopickingtimethewholesale shippingtheroundsofthegroves.Experiencesguesswithin100boxeswhata ten-acrewillwill yield.Sbuyershavearrangementsfromyearyearwithgrowers,mustmostproducerspreferto makenewcontaineachseason.Theagentinspectergrovesandofferingattentiontobiologicalprincipleswithoutstoppingtopointout their practical bearing upontheproblemsthat confrontthefarmerinhisevery-dayworkItisimportantthatwehavedefiniteknowledgebeforeweactalonganyline.Aknowledgeoftheprinciplesunderlyingthe Growthofcropsisveryimportanttofarmers. Thesearewonderfulignightwhenone considersthat十or twentyyearsagoorangegrowinginCaliforniawasinitsinfancy.TheincreasethedutyfortoreignorangeshashelpedCaliforniagrowerswithlittlecompetitionintheUnitedStates.Groveswillyieldtheownersanetprofit$150anacrethisseasonarecommon.Hereandthereareoldergrovesbeingsuperiorfruitwhichwillyieldtheowners$350to$375anacreeclipseprofit.Butthegrowershavehadshareofhardtimes和discouragementsInthewinterof1892-93winterwasunusuallyheavyandfruitinfineconditiontherewerebuyersorshippers,anda cropwhordinarilywouldhave Soldfor$1,200broughtlessthanhalftheexpenseoftransportingittotheEasternmets.Manygrowersbecameinsolventthroughtheirlossesthatyear,andmanymoreputmortgagesonthepropertyandhopedforbetterdays.$1895thecropwasvisitedbyfrosts.ina fewhoursoneJanuarynight;000,000worthoforangesweremadesaleable. The magnitudeoftheorangeindustrysurprisesmostEasternersinCaliforniaforthefirsttime.TheLos AngelesExpressrecentlyestimatedtotalcapital投资in橙苗growinginthisStateat$44,000,000industryis almostwhollyconfidenstheseven Southernmostcounties—Angles,Riverside,San BernardinoOrangeSan Diego,Santa BarbaraVentura.In.thesethe Orangegrowercompriseanareaof48,000acres.numberOfforangetreesinbearingSouthernCaliforniaisputat2,072andthenumberOfnon-bearingtreesplacedat1,227,300.Withtheproductiveness,theannualcropwillbewardof27,000carloads,andatlikeloseofthesessionthecalnianswillsell theirproductforseethinglike$10,000,000. The orange-harvesting seasoninState beginsinearlyDecemberreachesitshigh-watermarkaboutmiddleofFebruary,andcontinuestilJune.A few weeks previoustopickingtimethewholesale shippingtheroundsofthegroves.Experiencesguesswithin100boxeswhata ten-acrewillwill yield.Sbuyershavearrangementsfromyearyearwithgrowers,mustmostproducerspreferto makenewcontaineachseason.Theagentinspectergrovesandofferingattentiontobiologicalprincipleswithoutstoppingtopointout their practical bearing upon-theproblemsthat confront-thefarmerinhisevery-dayworkItisimportantthatwehavedefiniteknowledgebeforeweactalonganyline.Aknowledgeoftheprinciplesunderlyingthe Growthofcropsisveryimportanttofarmers. Thesearewonderfulignightwhenone considersthat十or twentyyearsagoorangegrowinginCaliforniawasinitsinfancy.TheincreasethedutyfortoreignoranceshashelpedCaliforniagrowerswithlittlecompetitionintheUnitedStates.Groveswillyieldtheownersanetprofit$150anacrethisseasonarecommon.Hereandthereareoldergrovesbeingsuperiorfruitwhichwillyieldtheowners$350to$375anacreeclipseprofit.Butthegrowershavehadshareofhardtimes和discouragementsInThewinterof1892-93winterwasunusuallyheavyandfruitinfineconditiontherewerebuyersorshippers,anda cropwhordinarilywouldhave Soldfor$1,200broughtlessthanhalftheexpenseoftransportingittoTheEasternmets.Manygrowersbecameinsolventthrough-theirlossesthatyear,andmanymoreputmortgageson-thepropertyandhopedforbetterdays.$1895thecropwasvisitedbyfrosts.ina fewhoursoneJanuarynight;000,000worthoforangesweremadesaleable. The magnitudeoftheorangeindustrysurprisesmostEasternersinCaliforniaforThefirsttime.TheLos AngelesExpressrecentlyestimatedtotalcapital投资in橙苗growinginthisStateat$44，OooOooOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOОООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ООО ОООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООООО오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오오○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◊◇□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【】【。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【】。【 Drying preparations simply develop dry catarrh; they dry up the secretions which adhere to the membrane and decompose, causing a far more serious trouble than the ordinary form of catarrh. Avoid all drying inhalants, fumes, smokes and sniffs and use that which cleanses, soothes and heals. Ely's Cream Balm is such a remedy and will cure catarrh or cold in the head easily and pleasantly. A trial size will be mailed for 10 cents. All druggists sell the 50c. size. Ely Brothers, 56 Warren St., N.Y. The Balm cures without pain, does not irritate or cause sneezing. It spreads itself over an irritated and angry surface, relieving immediately the painful inflammation. With Ely's Cream Balm you are armed against Nasal Catarrh and Hay Fever. Continued on Fourth page. CALORNIA'S ORANGE CROP. Increase of the Industry in South-California—Cost and Profits of an Orange Grove. There are the liveliest days of the year in Southern California valleys. Oranges are grown. The groves pay with hundreds of men and packing the golden fruit. The houses are as busy as the pro-beehive with thousands of men. Boys and girls packing the boxes, and the shippers are fullness all day long. The yield of this season will be between 14,500 carloads, or between 10 and 4,500,000 boxes. There is before been such a yield of in California. Last year it was about 9000 carloads, and the before it was 8000 carloads. The 2000, are the best in ten years. General way the present orange worth to the growers about $4. The railroad companies will out $2,600,000 for hauling the train to market, and the shippers, are practically speculators in or may make tens of thousands of more from the output of the orange seeds were brought by the Spanish fathers from Spain and Mexico. But the wool clip, the annual vintage, the fat cattle and sleek horses among the hills and valleys had more of the pious old padres' attention than the puny, unwatered orange trees. In 1870 John Wolfskill of Los Angeles planted the first orange grove in California. There were no railroads in Southern California, and when the trees came to bear fruit it cost too much to get the product to market. A few years later some ranchmen in Riverside began cultivating the navel orange from a few slips sent from the Agricultural Department at Washington to Riverside to be experimented with. The Washington navel orange is the finest specimen of the fruit yet produced. At once the old-fashioned seedling became a back number. The call for the new variety of oranges was so keen that several hundred ranchmen became growers. About 4000 acres of navel orange groves were planted in 1884 and 1885. Land suitable for growing oranges advanced from $30 an acre to $100, then to $300, and then to $500, and for a time in 1887 good orange-growing land and a water right easily sold for same time have each box of oranges so placed that it will have sufficient air during its ten days or two weeks' journey. Imperfect loading may easily cause a rotting of the fruit, or may make the fruit more susceptible to damage by freezing weather in transit across the Rockies or Sierras to the East. Last season the least amount the railroad company would allow to each car was 336 boxes, or about twelve tons. This season the railroads have raised the minimum carload to 361 boxes or thirteen tons. When the car is loaded it is sealed, the ventilators adjusted, a large poster tacked to its side to show where the fruit was grown and packed and it is sent out within a few hours by fast freight to the Eastern market. The first orange trees in California were grown by the Franciscan monks in the little garden about the adobe mission at San Gabriel, near Los Angeles. Records at the mission tell of orange growing there in 1804. The orange seeds were brought by the Spanish fathers from Spain and Mexico. But the wool clip, the annual vintage, the fat cattle and sleek horses among the hills and valleys had more of the pious old padres' attention than the puny, unwatered orange trees. In 1870 John Wolfskill of Los Angeles planted the first orange grove in California. There were no railroads in Southern California, and when the trees came to bear fruit it cost too much to get the product to market. A few years later some ranchmen in Riverside began cultivating the navel orange from a few slips sent from the Agricultural Department at Washington to Riverside to be experimented with. The Washington navel orange is the finest specimen of the fruit yet produced. At once the old-fashioned seedling became a back number. The call for the new variety of oranges was so keen that several hundred ranchmen became growers. About 4000 acres of navel orange groves were planted in 1884 and 1885. Land suitable for growing oranges advanced from $30 an acre to $100, then to $300, and then to $500, and for a time in 1887 good orange-growing land and a water right easily sold for same time have each box of oranges so placed that it will have sufficient air during its ten days or two weeks' journey. Imperfect loading may easily cause a rotting of the fruit, or may make the fruit more susceptible to damage by freezing weather in transit across the Rockies or Sierras to the East. Last season the least amount the railroad company would allow to each car was 336 boxes, or about twelve tons. This season the railroads have raised the minimum carload to 361 boxes or thirteen tons. When the car is loaded it is sealed, the ventilators adjusted, a large poster tacked to its side to show where the fruit was grown and packed and it is sent out within a few hours by fast freight to the Eastern market. The first orange trees in California were grown by the Franciscan monks in the little garden about the adobe mission at San Gabriel, near Los Angeles. Records at the mission tell of orange growing there in 1804. The orange seeds were brought by the Spanish fathers from Spain and Mexico. But the wool clip, the annual vintage, the fat cattle and sleek horses among the hills and valleys had more of the pious old padres' attention than the puny, unwatered orange trees. In 1870 John Wolfskill of Los Angeles planted the first orange grove in California. There were no railroads in Southern California, and when the trees came to bear fruit it cost too much to get the product to market. A few years later some ranchmen in Riverside began cultivating the navel orange from a few slips sent from the Agricultural Department at Washington to Riverside to be experimented with. The Washington navel orange is the finest specimen of the fruit yet produced. At once the old-fashioned seedling became a back number. The call for the new variety of oranges was so keen that several hundred ranchmen became growers. About 4000 acres of navel orange groves were planted in 1884 and 1885. Land suitable for growing oranges advanced from $30 an acre to $100, then to $300, and then to $500, and for a time in 1887 good orange-growing land and a water right easily sold for same time have each box of oranges so placed that it will have sufficient air during its ten days or two weeks' journey. Imperfect loading may easily cause a rotting of the fruit, or may make the fruit more susceptible to damage by freezing weather in transit across the Rockies or Sierras to the East. Last season the least amount the railroad company would allow to each car was 336 boxes, or about twelve tons. This season the railroads have raised the minimum carload to 361 boxes or thirteen tons. When the car is loaded it is sealed, the ventilators adjusted, a large poster tacked to its side to show where the fruit was grown and packed and it is sent out within a few hours by fast freight to the Eastern market. The first orange trees in California were grown by the Franciscan monks in the little garden about the adobe mission at San Gabriel, near Los Angeles. Records at the mission tell of orange growing there in 1804. The orange seeds were brought by the Spanish fathers from Spain and Mexico. But the wool clip, the annual vintage, the fat cattle and sleek horses among the hills and valleys had more of the pious old padres' attention than the puny, unwatered orange trees. In 1870 John Wolfskill of Los Angeles planted the first orange grove in California. There were no railroads in Southern California, and when the trees came to bear fruit it cost too much to get the product to market. A few years later some ranchmen in Riverside began cultivating the navel orange from a few slips sent from the Agricultural Department at Washington to Riverside to be experimented with. The Washington navel orange is the finest specimen of the fruit yet produced. At once the old-fashioned seedling became a back number. The call for the new variety of oranges was so keen that several hundred ranchmen became growers. About 4000 acres of navel orange groves were planted in 1884 and 1885. Land suitable for growing oranges advanced from $30 an acre to $100, then to $300, and then to $500, and for a time in 1887 good orange-growing land and a water right easily sold for same time have each box of oranges so placed that it will have sufficient air during its ten days or two weeks' journey. Imperfect loading may easily cause a rotting of the fruit, or may make the fruit more susceptible to damage by freezing weather in transit across the Rockies or Sierras to the East. Last season the least amountthe railroad company would allow to each car was 336 boxes, or about twelve tons. This seasonthe railroads have raisedthe minimum carloadto 361boxesorthirteentons.Whetherthemeantarecandidatesforplacesontheboard,andhalfa dozenothersamethenE.T.Eastwhohadjustcomeintofileaproxyineffectuallyhowever,fothestockholdersthreeyearsagoadoptedarulethatallproxiesmustbefiledtwenty-fourhoursbeforethetimeofthemeeting. George Hunter,一名ofthemembersoftheBoardofAudit,cameinlookingasifhehadbeengeneggedinthehardestjobforymanyayear，appearingcarewornandpreoccupied.TheBoardofAudithadnotseenthefinishofitslaborsuponthebooksofthecompany，althoughtheyhadbeentwoweeksatwork uponthem. A rule adoptedbytheshareholderssomeyearsagowastotheeffectthatthereportoftheBoardofAuditshouldbearinthehandsofthestockholdersatleastfivedaysbeforetheannualmeeting;andalthoughthemembersoftheauditingcommitteehadbesaidduouslyatworkuponthebooks,vouchersandaccountsofthecompany,theywerenotreadytoreport.IwereperhapsthisthatmadeMr.Hunterlookasthoughbehadratherbeoutbuffalohuntingthantoserveonthecommittee. At half past 10 Mr.Fayrappedthefewstockholderspresentintheroomtoorder.Hesaidthatitappearednoquorumwaspresent.Notmanyproxieswerein,andfewstockholdersseemedtotakesufficientinterestinthemeet These are wonderful figures the considers that ten or twelve go orange growing in California in its infancy. The increase in pay on foreign oranges has helped Californians amazingly, and the Florida groves by freezing four years ago has left them growers with little competition in the United States. Groves that hold their owners a net profit of acre this season are common, and there are older groves bearer superior fruit which will yield owners $350 to $375 an acre clear. But the growers have had their hard times and discouragement. In the winter of 1882-93, when wild was unusually heavy and the fine condition, there were no shippers, and a crop which might have sold for $1,200, ought less than half the expense exporting it to the Eastern marsh. Many growers became insolvent with their losses that year, and as more put mortgages on their property and hoped for better days. In the crop was visited by frosts, and new hours one January night $2.40 worth of oranges were made unseasonal. Magnitude of the orange industries most Easterners in California for the first time. The Los An Express recently estimated the capital invested in orange growth in this State at $44,000,000. The city is almost wholly confined to seven southernmost counties—Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, Lake, San Diego, Santa Barbara and Ana. In these the orange groves rise an area of 48,000 acres. The farmer of orange trees in bearing in Bern California is put at 2,072,400, the number of non-bearing trees is at 1,227,300. With the same sensitivity, when the latter come spring, the annual crop will be up to 27,000 carloads, and at prices of this season the California will sell their product for some like $10,000,000. Orange-harvesting season in this begins in early December. It sees its high-water mark about the time of February, and continues uninterrupted. A few weeks previous to the long time the wholesale shippers go rounds of the groves. Experts times guess within 100 boxes of an ten-acre grove will yield. Some have arrangements from year to year with growers, while most of the growers prefer to make new contracts each season. The agent inspects the crops and offers a certain price per a certain amount for the fruit trees, and there the responsibility for owner ceases. The shipper puts packers and packers at work. The farmer receives his check, and another bill begins. The orange-picking time the county marvel to the Easterner. Stand-in his ladder the pickler looks away from grove after grove of oranges, fields of owls, acres of golden escholtzias, acres of wild daisies, bluebells and new violets; and finally his eye rests on Sierra Madres twenty or thirty miles away—the garden wall of this verides. His nostrils inhale the air of the orange blossom, while his eyes see the snowbanks of winter on great mountain peaks. The orange farmer, however, has but little time to see the esthetics of the subjects; his picking against time and the East weather. The packing-house may be two or three times larger than the largest in the East. There are usually floors—the basement for storage of material, steam or electrical machinery and rooms for manufacturing products. The packing-house is in the same product to market. A few years later some ranchmen in Riverside began cultivating the navel orange from a few slips sent from the Agricultural Department at Washington to Riverside to be experimented with. The Washington navel orange is the finest specimen of the fruit yet produced. At once the old-fashioned seedling became a back number. The call for the new variety of oranges was so keen that several hundred ranchmen became growers. About 4000 acres of navel orange groves were planted in 1884 and 1885. Land suitable for growing oranges advanced from $30 an acre to $100, then to $300, and then to $500, and for a time in 1887 good orange-growing land and a water right easily sold for even $600 an acre. Meanwhile the extraordinary demand for young trees from the nurseries became so strong that such stock rose from 10 cents a tree to $1 and finally to $1.60 a tree. The orange grove boom reached its height in 1888, and from that time to this land and grove valuations have been on a moderate basis. The area of newly planted groves has expanded each year. Some big irrigation companies have spent fortunes in buying raw land and developing water among the mountains for use in the land, but it has all been done as a legitimate enterprise. A lot of groves in this part of the State are the hobby and pet of their owners. In Riverside and San Bernardino counties are several fifty-acre groves, which have cost their owners not a dollar less than $50,000 and $60,000. The Johnson grove of 700 trees on seventy acres near Riverside has cost upward of $80,000. It will produce this season about $650 worth of fruit. It is kept all the time in the highest state of cultivation. Its soil is harrowed and smoothed every thirty days. The trees are scientifically pruned once a year, and a wealth of the most expensive commercial fertilizer has been put into the soil each year for a long time. The grove is equipped with devices for warding off frost and the packing house is a model of convenience and up-to-date method in handling fruit. In the same locality the Everest grove belonging to a stockholder in the Standard Oil company, covers eighty acres, and costs its owner nearly $100,000. The crop from it has been sold for $9,700. The Everest grove is equipped with the finest system of irrigation pipes and open dykes that money can buy. In the superintendent's house is a costly French contrivance by which an alarm bell is rung whenever the mercury in the thermometers out in the thermometers dangerously near the frost degree. Added to this protection against a visit by Jack Frost, Mr. Everest two years ago, at an expense of several thousand dollars, had a building of lath erected over his grove, so as to make sure that frost could do his grove no injury. The Seth Richards grove at North Pomona is the largest in the world. It comprises 300 acres, and it has cost $350,000. It has great reservoirs for storing irrigation water, and it employs a force of a dozen men and a superintendent nearly all the time. Every other year about $4,000 is spent in fertilizing the soil. Last year the Richards crop of oranges sold for $20,000, and this season the crop will bring about $35,000. Adlai E. Stevenson, former Vice-President of the United States, owns a fine grove of navel oranges in San Bernardino county. Richard Mansfield has an investment of $14,000 in a twenty-acre grove at Santa Barbara, and late Fannie Davenport had a grove at Sierra Madre that used to yield her $1,800 net profit a year. U.S Grant Jr., has large orange and lemon groves in San Diego county. Among the various varieties of oranges was so keen that several hundred ranchmen became growers. About 4000 acres of navel orange groves were planted in 1884 and 1885. Land suitable for growing oranges advanced from $30 an acre to $100, then to $300, and then to $500,and for a time in 1887 good orange-growing land and a water right easily sold for even $600 an acre. Meanwhile the extraordinary demand for young trees from the nurseries became so strong that such stock rose from 10 cents a tree to $1 and finally to $1.60 a tree. The orange grove boom reached its height in 1888,and from that time to this land and grove valuations have been on a moderate basis. The area of newly planted groves has expanded each year. Secretary Blennnerhassett here stated that there was no contest for directors, and that probably accounted for the evident lack of interest. Mr. Smith, he said, who had been understood to be a candidate for director, had that morning announced his withdrawal from the race. The absence of any contest for a place on the board probably accounted for the small number present. The chair, replying to Mr. Steward, said there existed no means whereby a quorum could be compelled to be present. He wished a quorum was present. He had some interesting things to tell the stockholders in his annual report. He did not know why the shareholders did not take sufficient interest in the annual meeting to be present. He preferred making his report to them, and not to a lot of "dummy" proxies on file in the office. The motion to adjourn being put to the house same was carried unanimously, and the shareholders filed downstairs. This was the first time in a number of years that no quorum was presented at an annual meeting of the company. It is understood that one reason for it was that the old board (who hold office until its successor is elected and qualified) has some work to attend to in the matter of the recent purchase of the Durkee property, as well as other matters before stepping down and out of office. The Best Service. There is before Congress a bill which meets the approval of weather bureau people generally and which is thought will result in improving the weather bureau. The two most important innovations are: Improved method of examination and appointment, and the retirement without expense to the government upon a moderate allowance, of men who have grown old in the work of the service. Prof. Willis L. Moore, chief of the bureau, in a communication to Hon James M. Wadsworth, chairman of the House Committee on Agriculture, points out the defects of existing laws briefly as follows: Promotions are not relied upon by these members because they are not required by law. These are wonderful figures that show how many farmers depend on oranges as their main source of income. The magnitude of the orange industry is most impressive in California for first time. The Los An Express recently estimated the capital invested in orange growth this State at $44,000,000. The city is almost wholly confined to seven southernmost counties—Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino counties are several fifty-acre groves which have cost their owners not a dollar less than $50,000 and $60,000. The Johnson grove of 700 trees on seventy acres near Riverside has cost upward of $80,000. It will produce this season about $650 worth of fruit. It is kept all the time in the highest state of cultivation. Its soil is harrowed and smoothed every thirty days. The trees are scientifically pruned once a year, and a wealth of the most expensive commercial fertilizer has been put into the soil each year for a long time. The grove is equipped with devices for warding off frost and the packing house is a model of convenience and up-to-date method in handling fruit. In the same locality the Everest grove belonging to a stockholder in the Standard Oil company, covers eighty acres, and costs its owner nearly $100,000. The crop from it has been sold for $9,700. The Everest grove is equipped with the finest system of irrigation pipes and open dykes that money can buy.In The superintendent's house is a costly French contrivance by which an alarm bell is rung whenever the mercury in ther thermometers out in ther thermometers dangerously near ther frost degree.Added to this protection against a visit by Jack Frost,Mrs.Everest two years ago,a at expenseof several thousand dollars,hada buildingof lath erectedoverhisgroove,soasto make surethatfrostcoulddohisgroovenoinjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld。它 comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditemploysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowool. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowoolintwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8oonetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditemploysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowool. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowoolintwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditploemysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowool. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowoolintwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditploemysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowool. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowoolintwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditploemysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowool. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowoolin TwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditploemysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowool. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowoolinTwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditploemysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowoolisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oowool,andthisseasonthecropwillbringabout$35oowowl. Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowollTwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andithascost$35oowool。Ithasgreatreservoirsforstoringirrigationwater,anditploemysaforceofa dozenmenandasuperintendentnearlyallthetime.Everyotheryearabout$4oowollisspentinfertilizingthesoil.LastyeartheRichardscropoforanges Soldfor$2oOWull。 Adlai E.StevensonformerVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesownsafinegroveofnavelorangesinSanBernardinocounty.RichardMansfieldhasaninvestmentof$14oowollTwentyacregroveatSantaBarbara,andlateFannieDavenporthadagroveatSierraMadrethatusedtoyieldher$1，8OOnetprofitayear.U.SGrantJr.,haslargeorangeandlemongrovesinSanDiegocounty.Amongthevariousvarietiesoforangeswassoeknowninjury.TheSethRichardsgroveatNorthPomonaisthelargestintheworld.它comprises3ooacres,andit HasCostOfAgricultureForThe House Committee On Agriculture;points out the defects of existing laws briefly as follows: Promotions are not relied upon by these members because they are not subject to government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to the government upon expense to The packing-house may be two or three times larger than the largest in the East. There are usually six floors—the basement for storage of material, steam or electrical machinery and rooms for manufacturing labeling boxes, and the ground floor for the reception of the fruit from wagons and for brushing, sorting, slicing, packing and storing the picked fruit ready for loading upon it. The larger houses are equipped with the best machinery, run by power gasoline, steam or electricity. The machinery of a well-equipped packing-house consists of from one to three brushes for cleaning the fruit, trader or two for sizing the oranges, always and cars, endless belts, etc., moving the fruit, a machine for making boxes and another for pressing the fruit packed in boxes. Some of these packing-houses and their equipments have cost from $10,000 to $15,000. When the fruit is received at the packing house door from the wagons, its grower’s lot is weighed and the weight is entered on the books to the owner’s credit. Then the oranges are tied by elevators to huge bins to suit the packing. There is a confinement male and female voices in the packing house. Every one is in a tricycle, for all the work of packing the trees is done by the piece, and one's tenness determines his pay. Overriders are rows of girls with heaps of golden fruit before them. They snatch sheet of tissue paper from a pile at their side and in a trice wrap an orange and put it in a row in the open box below them. Farther away are dozens of men who are operating orange bushers and graders, while a lot more men are trundling packed boxes of fruit from the packers to the shipping trucks, and from there to the cars on the railroad track at the side door. Tally marks, box stencillers, shipping clerks and weighers abound. For ten hours a day the packing house hums with business during the season. The loading of a car with oranges is hard. The loader draws the largest quantity of any one in the packing house. Even him depends largely on condition which the fruit, worth from $900 to $500 a carload, reaches the market, 300 and 3000 miles distant. He must be ingenious in loading so as to have the car carry every box possible, and at the voirs for storing irrigation water, and it employs a force of a dozen men and a superintendent nearly all the time. Every other year about $4,000 is spent in fertilizing the soil. Last year the Richards crop of oranges sold for $20,-000, and this season the crop will bring about $35,000. Adlai E. Stevenson, former Vice-President of the United States, owns a fine grove of navel oranges in San Bernardino county. Richard Mansfield has an investment of $14,000 in a twenty-acre grove at Santa Barbara, and the late Fannie Davenport had a grove at Sierra Madre that used to yield her $1,800 net profit a year. U. S Grant Jr., has large orange and lemon groves in San Diego county. Among the owners of orange groves in the same valley are Senator Stephen B. Elkins of West Virginia, and Beatrice Harraden, the novelist. Ignatius Donnelly of Minnesota has invested about $7,000 in an orange grove at Redlands, and Dr. Seward Webb of New York City last year bought a great tract of land at Santa Barbara, where he will have planted a combination orange and lemon grove. Several of the officers of the New York Central Railroad company have orange groves in the San Gabriel and Pomona valleys. Charles Dudley Warner used to own a grove near Ontario. The cost and the profit of a grove vary according to the location, expense of preparing the ground, varieties planted, system of irrigation and cultivation, and skill in handling and disposing of the fruit. Climate, soil and water must be supplemented by intelligent and well-directed care to insure success. Riverside furnishes an excellent example of the results when all these conditions are combined. Before twenty years had passed 6,000 people resided on 9,000 acres of land and had an income from the fruits of $1,500,000 a year. The older orchards are valued at from $900 to $1,500 an acre. Seventeen reports on oranges sent to the Los Angeles District Agricultural association in 1897 showed the average yearly cost for cultivation, irrigation and fertilization to be $41.37 an acre, and a net profit of $172.50. First-class navel trees will begin bearing the third year. It is not uncommon for four-year-old navel orange trees to yield a box of oranges to the tree. At ten years old a good tree is in good bearing though it is not in full bearing until it is twenty years of age. An orange grove begins to bear in six or seven years, but it will require ten years to yield a revenue of $300 to $500 an acre gross. From this time on its product rapidly increases. Because of its slow growth and the fact that the fruit does not bring more than half as much in the market as some budded varieties, late planting has been almost entirely of budded fruit. Continued on Fourth page. When You Ride Your Wheel Always shake into your shoes Allen's Foot Ease, a powder for the feet. It keeps your feet cool, prevents sweating feet, and makes your endurance ten-fold greater. Over one million wheel people are using Allen's Foot Ease. They all praise it. It gives rest and comfort to smarting, hot, swollen, aching feet and is a certain cure for ingrowing nails At all druggists and shoe stores, 25c Sample free by mail. Address, Allen S. Olmsted, Le Roy, N.Y. Money to Loan From $5,000 to $10,000 in sums to suit on real estate or approved security. Apply to Richard Melrose. Beets for Sale. Fifty cents to $1 per load, according to size. Apply to M.F. REAGAN, Los Alamitos. nov30-tf