anaheim-gazette 1899-05-18

FRUITS WITHOUT SEEDS. The Task of Breeding These Products Becoming Easier. Nature Assists the Pomologist in His Work—How the Seedless Orange Was Raised—Other Fruits from Which Nature has Eliminated the Seeds—New Problems and Methods of Cultivation. Pomologists have been engaged steadily in trying to eliminate from our common fruits the seeds and pits that detract from their usefulness, and from the vines and trees, the thorns and briers that interfere with their best cultivation. The progress of this work is necessarily slow, but it is possible to anticipate the time not far distant when seedless fruit will be the rule instead of the exception. In the same way it is hoped that other little inconveniences may be removed, such as the hard shell of nuts, the thick skin and rind, and even the pulpy mass or core that occupies nearly half the space inside some varieties of oranges and apples. The improvement of the size, quality and flavor of fruits is not more important or essential than this elimination of outgrown and useless organs of the products of the tree and vine. Under modern methods of cultivation the seeds of our best varieties of fruits can easily be dispensed with, as they are of little practical value. Seedling stock raised from the wild or common varieties answer the purpose as well as the rare or choice trees, and their usual combination of hardiness and virility influences the budded selons for good. Nature had already anticipated horticulturists in dispensing with the seeds and depending upon other methods of propagation. The banana, for instance, is a seedless fruit which nature has apparently changed through some peculiar process. Rudimentary seeds are to be found in the fruit today. By slitting the banana down lengthwise rows of the rudimentary seeds will be exposed to view. Undoubtedly at one time in its primitive wild state the banana propagated itself by means of seeds, but the use of suckers for this purpose gradually made the seeds of less and less value. Following out the law of nature, the seeds, becoming useless organs, degenerated. Occasionally a banana is found that does propagate itself by means of its seeds, or at least perfectally abnormalities, and they are often called "bloomless," because the blossoms have no petals and sometimes lack stamens. Their appearance and quality are not such as to recommend them to the general consumer. The core is small and insignificant, but the shape is peculiar and the flavor poor. But seedless apples and pears of good quality may yet be propagated, and gardeners are working toward this end. Recent new varieties show great improvements over those first produced, and in the course of time careful culture and selection may bring about the desired results. How much the culture, selection and environment have to do with the proper development of the fruit is apparent in the case of the seedless currants of Corinth, or the Sultana grapes of southeastern Europe. These were supposed to have been as full of seeds as any other fruits far back in history, but successive years of culture and selection eliminated the seeds and improved the quality of the fruits. How the culturists first got their hint of seedless fruits is not known; but it is reasonable to believe that they took advantage of a freak of nature which produced a vine with fruits that had very few or no seeds. Experiments are now being made in California with the famous Muscat grape of Alexandria. This famous raisin grape would be greatly enhanced in value if the seeds could all be eliminated. Considerable progress has been made in this direction by selecting cuttings from vines which produce grapes with less than the normal number of seeds. Several smaller varieties of seedless grapes have been in existence for many years, but most of them are inferior in some way to the best raisin grapes raised for the market. Seedless fruits will only be a success when, in addition to maturing without seeds, the size and quality of the fruits will be equal or superior to the best varieties in the country. That is the essential reason why the navel orange is the greatest success of modern horticulture. Next to eliminating the seed and reducing the size of the stones and pits of fruits, the work of ridding our orchard trees and vines of thorns and briers is important. More has been accomplished in this direction than in the former; but our gardens are still encumbered with the thorns and briers on orange and lemon trees and prickers on raspberry, gooseberry and blackberry vines. These prickers and briers were originally intended to protect the fruits from wild animals, but they have outgrown their usefulness in the modern garden. Nature, however, may not think so, and she refuses to eliminate them. It becomes the duty of the horticulturist to diminish them by selecting buds from the branches with the fewest thorns orally abnormalities, and they are often called "bloomless," because the blossoms have no petals and sometimes lack stamens. Their appearance and quality are not such as to recommend them to the general consumer. The core is small and insignificant, but the shape is peculiar and the flavor poor. But seedless apples and pears of good quality may yet be propagated, and gardeners are working toward this end. Recent new varieties show great improvements over those first produced, and in the course of time careful culture and selection may bring about the desired results. How much the culture, selection and environment have to do with the proper development of the fruit is apparent in the case of the seedless currants of Corinth, or the Sultana grapes of southeastern Europe. These were supposed to have been as full of seeds as any other fruits far back in history, but successive years of culture and selection eliminated the seeds and improved the quality of the fruits. How the culturists first got their hint of seedless fruits is not known; but it is reasonable to believe that they took advantage of a freak of nature which produced a vine with fruits that had very few or no seeds. Experiments are now being made in California with the famous Muscat grape of Alexandria. This famous raisin grape would be greatly enhanced in value if the seeds could all be eliminated. Considerable progress has been made in this direction by selecting cuttings from vines which produce grapes with less than the normal number of seeds. Several smaller varieties of seedless grapes have been in existence for many years, but most of them are inferior in some way to the best raisin grapes raised for the market. Seedless fruits will only be a success when, in addition to maturing without seeds, the size and quality of the fruits will be equal or superior to the best varieties in the country. That is the essential reason why the navel orange is the greatest success of modern horticulture. Next to eliminating the seed and reducing the size of the stones and pits of fruits, the work of ridding our orchard trees and vines of thorns and briers is important. More has been accomplished in this direction than in the former; but our gardens are still encumbered with the thorns and briers on orange and lemon trees and prickers on raspberry, gooseberry and blackberry vines. These prickers and briers were originally intended to protect the fruits from wild animals, but they have outgrown their usefulness in the modern garden. Nature, however, may not think so, and she refuses to eliminate them. It becomes the duty of the horticulturist to diminish them by selecting buds from the branches with the fewest thorns orally abnormalities, and they are often called "bloomless," because the blossoms have no petals and sometimes lack stamens. Their appearance and quality are not such as to recommend them to the general consumer. The core is small and insignificant, but the shape is peculiar and the flavor poor. But seedless apples and pears of good quality may yet be propagated, and gardeners are working toward this end. Recent new varieties show great improvements over those first produced, and in the course of time careful culture and selection may bring about the desired results. How much the culture, selection and environment have to do with the proper development of the fruit is apparent in the case of the seedless currants of Corinth, or the Sultana grapes of southeastern Europe. These were supposed to have been as full of seeds as any other fruits far back in history, but successive years of culture and selection eliminated the seeds and improved the quality of the fruits. How the culturists first got their hint of seedless fruits is not known; but it is reasonable to believe that they took advantage of a freak of nature which produced a vine with fruits that had very few or no seeds. Experiments are now being made in California with the famous Muscat grape of Alexandria. This famous raisin grape would be greatly enhanced in value if the seeds could all be eliminated. Considerable progress has been made in this direction by selecting cuttings from vines which produce grapes with less than the normal number of seeds. Several smaller varieties of seedless grapes have been in existence for many years, but most of them are inferior in some way to the best raisin grapes raised for the market. Seedless fruits will only be a success when, in addition to maturing without seeds, the size and quality of the fruits will be equal or superior to the best varieties in the country. That is the essential reason why the navel orange is the greatest success of modern horticulture. Next to eliminatingthe seed and reducingthe sizeofthestonesandpitsoffruits,theworkofriddingourorchardtreesandvineofthedornsandbriersisimportant.Morehasbeenaccomplishedinthisdirectionthanintheformer;butourgardensarestillencumberedwiththethornsandbriersonorangeandlemontreesandprickersonrasberry,gooseberryandblackberryvines.Theseprickersandbrierswereoriginallyintendedtoprotectthefruitsfromwildanimals,buttheyhaveoutgrowntheirusefulnessinthemoderngarden.Naturehowevermaynotthinkso,andsherefusestoeliminatethem.Ibecomethedutyofthehorticulturisttodiminishthembudsbyselectingbudsfromthebrancheswiththefewestthornsorsallyabnormalities,andtheyareoftencalled"bloomless,"becausetheblossomshavenopetalsandsomeformoranypublicwork.Thedatauponthecostofsuchworks,andthefitstobederivedfromthemareasodeterminatethatnoilluminaidjurisdictionneverteredupon. BIRDS AS WEED KILLERS Feathered Friends that Help their With His Crop. There is no telling what we come off from these farmers if it were various species of small birds that die from weeds and so diminiscertainly reproductionofthosenoxious Scientists assert that agricultureitsbeginningsinardidregionsinwell-wateredcountriesuselesstationwassoprofuseastoiffarmingimpracticableunderpreconditions.Evennowadayswouldbeverydifficultincontendingthevariousuninvitedplantsthattocompuyhisfieldsandtocreathisowncrops. Someofthemostpestiferousyieldincrediblenumbersofsingleplantmaturingasmany1000ina season,sowthata singlevidual,yetunchecked,mightablyproduceintheraphyoffyear10,000,000healthyoff Againstfoesso enormouslyprolific farmerisalmosthelpless,andwouldbelikelytooverwhelmhitherforhisfriendsthebirdswhichinmyriadseachfallandwinteragriculturaldistrictsandfeedupripenedweedseeds.Sincetheyareweedsatthemostcriticalstage,theseed-bearingperiod,thevicesareofincalculablevalue principalweedswhichinthisrureptiverpreventfromseedingareasweed,pigeongrass smartwoodweed,crabgrass,Lamb'squared pigweed. Thegoodworkinhislineplasticbythebirdsismostnotinwinterwhenthegroundiswithsnow.Duringcoldweatherofthebirdsaboutthefarmfeed-sivelyuponseed,andgorgethenuntil their stomachsandgullcome distendedIt.isnotatall culturists in dispensing with the seeds and depending upon other methods of propagation. The banana, for instance, is a seedless fruit which nature has apparently changed through some peculiar process. Rudimentary seeds are to be found in the fruit today. By slitting the banana down lengthwise rows of the rudimentary seeds will be exposed to view. Undoubtedly at one time in its primitive wild state the banana propagated itself by means of seeds, but the use of suckers for this purpose gradually made the seeds of less and less value. Following out the law of nature, the seeds, becoming useless organs, degenerated. Occasionally a banana is found that does propagate itself by means of its seeds, or at least perfect seeds are produced in the fruit, which can germinate. If for any reason the suckers of this plant should fail to do the work entrusted to them it is not unlikely that nature would reinfest the seed organs, and develop them gradually to their early responsible position. The pineapple and cauliflower are two other common illustrations of how nature occasionally dispenses with seeds. The pineapple is almost seedless, and like the banana, its propagation is entirely by suckers. The seeds are in a low, rudimentary condition, but at one time they must have had their function to perform in life, and they are capable, under stress of circumstances, to renew their vitality. The type would not be exterminated if the suckers would fail to perpetuate the plants. All the resources of the plants would go to the assistance of the seeds to develop and vitalize them once more. This has been found possible by experiment. By selecting the pineapples with the most promising seeds, and propagating them by the usual process, the seed organs have gradually been developed until they are able to reproduce their kind. The eggplant is more interesting than either the banana or pineapple. Here we have a fruit which is only occasionally seedless. That the seeds are really immaterial to the welfare of the plant is evidenced by the fact that perfect fruits are often developed whether the blossoms are fertilized or not. In the hands of the horticulturalists it would be an easy matter to produce eggplants that would have only the slightest trace of rudimentary seed organs, or vice versa, it would be possible to develop a class of fruits that would be supplied with an abundance of large, full-grown seeds. Nature's hints thus supplied in a few isolated cases have been the opportunities of man to raise a class of seedless fruits. Sometimes it is merely a freak of nature that happens only once or twice in a generation, and if the opportunity is missed the loss is great. To this origin we owe our fine California navel orange, which is generally a seedless fruit, although occasionally a few small seeds are to be found in it. The navel orange was an effort of nature to produce twins, but one of the twins aborted, merely surviving as a protuberance in the blossom end of the orange, a little kernel enveloped in the skin which closely resembles the human navel in appearance. In the effort to produce a monstrosity the seeds were apparently neglected. By taking the selios of this fruit tree and grafting them on seedling stock we have practically established a seedless orange. It is furthermore remarkable because of its excellent quality and size. Usually the freaks of nature produce fruits that are not very good. Thus quite a number of apple trees have been produced the fruit of which is nearly or quite seedless. Their origin has been largely the same as that of the naval orange. They are gener- Next to eliminating the seed and reducing the size of the stones and pits of fruits, the work of ridding our orchard trees and vines of thorns and briers is important. More has been accomplished in this direction than in the former; but our gardens are still encumbered with the thorns and briers on orange and lemon trees and prickers on raspberry, gooseberry and blackberry vines. These prickers and briers were originally intended to protect the fruits from wild animals, but they have outgrown their usefulness in the modern garden. Nature, however, may not think so, and she refuses to eliminate them. It becomes the duty of the horticulturist to diminish them by selecting buds from the branches with the finest thorns or prickers. Besides making it inconvenient for the gardener and pickers, the thorn puncture many fruits during windstorms and ruin them for market purposes. Some varieties of orange and lemon trees are exceedingly thorny, and others, through cultivation, have been rendered almost thornless. The high-priced King orange, one of the best of the mammaris, is very thorny in its native habitat of Coochin China, but in Florida, where it has been budded for many years on other stock it is almost thornless. Varieties of gooseberries are produced by the gardener's skill which are practically thornless. Among the apple and pear trees the thorns appear only today in the wild and drag apple varieties, although originally all of our trees in the garden came from thorny ancestors. In nut culture a similar problem faces the pomologist. It is not only a question of raising larger and sweeter nuts, but of producing varieties with shells so thin that they can be easily crushed between the forefinger and thumb. The variety of paper-shell pecans that is now generally raised for market is a good illustration of the tendency in nut culture to do away with the hard disagreeable shells. In the Wabash Valley of Indiana there is a variety of hickory nut, commonly called the "shagbark," which has a shell of remarkable tenderness. The budding of our hickory trees with seeds from the "shagbarks" may in time breed a crop of hickory nuts that will be far superior to any which we struggle with today to extract a few pieces of sweet meat. By selection and grafting the gardener can create changes in our fruits that will affect materially the future quality of them. We have already brought varieties of fruit to such perfection that compared with their original ancestors, they seem like totally different things. It is difficult sometimes to trace back the handsome budded hot-house fruits to the small, sour, knotted fruits that grow by the wayside or in some long-neglected orchard. But, great as this achievement in the production of seedless fruits will, in the eyes of the pomologist, be of more enduring and lasting importance. —N.Y.Sun. Try Allen's Foot-Base. A powder to be shaken into the shoes. At this season your feet feel swollen, nervous and hot, and get tired easily. If you have smarting feet or tight shoes, try Allen's Foot-Ease. It cools the feet and makes walking easy. Cures swollen and sweating feet, blisters and callous spots. Relieves corns and bunions of all pain and gives rest and comfort. Try it to-day. Sold by all drugstores and shoe stores for 25c. Trial package FREE. Address, Allen S.Olmstead, Le Roy, N.Y. Flowing Streams. Continued from First Page. and substantial workmanship making in myriads each fall and winter; agricultural districts and feed up ripened weed seeds. Since they are weeds at the most critical stage, the seed-bearing period, principal weeds which in this year they prevent from seeding area weed, pigeon grass, smartwood weed, orrab grass, lamb's quarter pigweed. The good work in this line is plished by the birds is most not seen in winter, when the ground is with snow. During cold weather of the birds about the farm feeds slowly upon seed, and gorges them until their stomachs and gullies come distended. It is not at a common for a crow or blackbird from thirty to fifty seeds of small or blindweed, or a field sparrow seeds of crab grass, at a single masthe stomach of a tree sparrow been found 700 seeds of pigeon while a snowflake from Shrew Mass., which had been breakfasta garden in February, had picked 1000 seeds of pigweed. The bird actively engaged in consuming seed are sparrows, finches, larks, blackbirds, cowbirds, mallars, doves and quail. This matter has been made ject of very serious study by the States Department of Agriculture for forthcoming year book of this situation will contain a special brovoted to it. The author Dr. Vester Judd says that sparrow which there are more than twenty five species are extremely used seed destroyers. Among them are tree song, field chipping, yellow-fox, Nuttall's golden-crown white crowned and white-throated rows. Even the imported English row does some good in this way. It also attacks the grain in it. It deserves special credit for destruing the seed of the dandelion which prolific weed throughout U.S.A., especially in lawns, cement and pastures. After the yellow flower on dandelion have disappeared flower presents an elongated, egg-shapped body with a downy upper end, and in this stage most frequently attacked by Eurasian sparrow, which cuts it clean open to expose the plumed seeds. The bird it swallows after removing the pencil with its bill. In order to determine how damage was done to the dandelion English sparrow is sided by sew native birds, chiefly the song sparrow chipping sparrow, white-throated row and goldfinch. So far as obsessive native birds usually do not outcompete these birds for food,the English sparrow.The song sparrowhoweveriscapableofgettingthese aloneforonewhichwasincaptivitymanipulateddandeliclexpresselythesamewayastheEnsparrow. Besidesthe lawnweedsallmentioned,suchasdandelionsgrassandyardgrassandseedothersincludingpigeongrassweed,sedgeoxalis,andchick-forkfoodforbirds.Themany "Better Be Wise Than Rich." Wise people are also rich when they know a perfect remedy for all annoying diseases of the blood, kidneys, liver and bowels. It is Hood's Sarsaparilla, which is perfect in its action. It so regulates the entire system as to bring vigorous health. It never disappoints. Coltre—"For 42 years I had goitre, or swellings on my neck, which was discouraging and troublesome. Rheumatism also annoyed me. Hood's Sarsaparilla cured me completely and the swelling has entirely disappeared. A lady in Michigan saw my previous testimonial and used Hood's and was entirely cured of the same trouble. She thanked me for recommending it." Mrs. Anna Sutherland, 406 Lovel Street, Kalamazoo, Mich. Poor Health—"Had poor health for years, palms in shoulders, back and hips, with constant headache, nervousness and no appetite. Used Hood's Sarsaparilla, gained strength and can work hard all day; eat heartily and sleep well. I took it because it helped my husband." Mrs. Elizabeth J. Giffels, Moose Lake, Minn. Makes Weak Strong—"I would give $5 a bottle for Hood's Sarsaparilla if I could not get it for less. It is the best spring medicine. It makes the weak strong." Albert A. Jagnow, Douglastown, N.Y. Hood's Sarsaparilla Never Disappoints Hood's Pills cure liver ill; the non-irritating and only cathartic to take with Hood's Sarsaparilla. Flowing Streams. Continued from First Page. and substantial workmanship, making the work final and complete, being certain that the heavy first expense will be ultimate economy." Pertinent to this question of the conservation of stream flow is that of the preservation of forests. There exists in all civilized countries a general belief in the necessity of maintaining forest growth, and while this preservation is urged upon citizens so far as their own property is concerned, it is generally regarded as a legitimate duty of government to promote this cause by direct appropriation. Now one of the arguments set forth in support of government preservation of forests is that forests tend to conserve and regulate the flow of streams. In some portions of this country, as in the grid regions, where the forests are of little value for timber, the conservation of stream flow is the principal argument. If then, the government is justified in preserving and extending forests on account of the indirect effect which they have in conserving the flow of streams, how much more ought it to be justified in expending money upon works which will conserve it far more directly and effectually. Whatever may be said of the effects of forests, they certainly do not prevent spring floods, and yet it is precisely this waste that it is important to save. Reference has already been made to the fact that the conservation of stream flow is a matter which in many cases could not be entrusted to private agencies consistent with the general welfare. It is desired to emphasize this point. The waters of our streams should remain absolutely free. No private party should be permitted to appropriate them to himself and sell their use to others. One need but study the history of irrigation in the arid regions of this country to realize how evil a thing it is to make a merchantable commodity of water. The streams should be free, and in order that they may be so, all works intended to conserve and regulate their flow should be built by the people, and the waters so conserved should be as free as those of the natural stream. This result cannot be realized, if the con- Do Your Joints Pain You? A slight indefinite pain in the joints is the first sign of Rheumatism. Then come the aching pains and tenderness, the agonizing cramps, the fever and restlessness that characterize this disease. When you feel the first slight pain, begin to take Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People, and the progress of the disease will be arrested. Neglect this and you will regret it. Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People are a Positive and Permanent Cure for Rheumatism. This remedy expels impurities from the blood, and supplies the material for rapidly rebuilding wasted nerve tissues. It has performed hundreds of almost miraculous cases of Rheumatism, many times after doctors had given up hope. Read this sworn statement: "In 1890 I was taken with rheumatism, which began in my hips and gradually spread throughout my body. For two years and a half I was confined to my bed; employed nine of the best physicians in Albany, and twelve specialists from New York city. They all declared my case hopeless, and finally told me that I had but six weeks to live. I told them to take their medicine away; that if I were to die I should take no more of the stuff. My niece, who through her friends knew of the good results attending the use of Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People, strongly recommended them. She procured the pills and by the time I had used the first box I felt hungry. Having had no appetite for a long time, I knew that the pills were doing me good. I continued their use, and after taking several boxes was able to leave my bed and go about with the use of grubber. I weighed but 120 pounds. As my normal weight is about 340 pounds, you can see how run down I had become during my sickness. After taking thirteen boxes of the pills I was weighed again, and although less than a year had passed I weighed 207 pounds. I continued the use of the pills and finally was able to abandon the grubber altogether, and am now as well as ever." Sworn to and subscribed before me this 11th day of September, 1890. Neile F. Towne, Notary Public, Albany Co., N.Y. The genuine Dr. Williams' Pink Pills for Pale People are sold only in packages, the wrapper always bearing the full name. At all druggists, or direct from the Dr. Williams Medicine Co., Schenectady, N.Y. 50c. per box. Anaheim Bakery, PETER SYRE, PROPRIETOR. FRESH BREAD, CAKES & PIES CONFECTIONERY, ETC. Wedding Cakes a Specialty. Los Angeles and Cypress Sts. A GREAT BOAT WEEK THE BENNINGTON'S CRACK OF A COSTLY SURPRISION The Story of a Fourth of July Contest at Honolulu Which Earned Pockets and Lacerated the Uncle Sam's Jackles. "About as dismal a Fourth as ever I experienced on board o'-war," said an ex-sailor of now living in Washington town er, "was Independence day years ago down in the harbor inlul. The Bennington had a racing boat's crew. The eight happened to be assigned to nington in a bunch before all her Pacific cruise, and seven oarsmen had been members of lumbia's crack boat's crew that all of the British navy's boats English waters a few years back. The Bennington's outlier was the best in the navy, and about built for a racer. Before we Mare Island navy yard for souls waters the ship's racing crew beaten all of the other crew ships lying at the yard, including tiptop crew of the Olympia Boston's fine crew. We thought we were about as warm as they 'em after our crew put it on other man-o'-war crews, giving couple of minutes the start on numerous occasions and stiring them disgracefully. "The people of Honolulu an aquatic festival for the July—the Americans down brated the Fourth just as enmally as we do up here—and nington's crew figured in Our ship's colors were at the first two races that were run while Kanaka crains, and the third race of the day was one in w crackajack eight was to figure races having been won by practically picked at rand among the strongest seamen. "We thought this race was merely It was to be a four side one crew of Kanaka sugar field a crew of Kanaka policemen racing crew of the yacht Elonging to Mr. Slater of Plat that had pulled into Honolulu from Japan a few days beckered crew didn't pay much attention." Anaheim Bakery, PETER SYRE, PROPRIETOR. FRESH BREAD, CAKES & PIES CONFECTIONERY, ETC. Wedding Cakes a Specialty. Los Angeles and Cypress Sts. are also troublesome in other places besides lawns. Knot-weed litters up paths and roads, or grows in spots where turf is broken; chlekweed occurs in plowed ground, and pigson grass, which is considered one of the worst seeds, is found among many crops. The seeds of these plants are eaten by the song sparrow, chipping sparrow, field sparrow, junco, English sparrow, tree sparrow, Gambel's sparrow and white-throated and white-crowned sparrows. Prof. F. E. L. Beal, who has carefully studied this subject in the Upper Mississippi valley, has estimated the amount of weed seed eaten by the tree sparrow and other sparrows that swarm down from Canada in the fall and feed in the rank growth of weeds bordering roadside and cultivated fields. He examined the stomachs of many tree sparrows and found them entirely filled with weed seed, and concluded that each bird consumed at least a quarter of an ounce daily. Upon this basis, after making a fair allowance of the number of birds to the square mile, he calculated that in the State of Iowa alone the tree sparrow annually destroys about 1,750,000 pounds, or 875 tons, of weed seed during its winter sojourn. The chippy and song sparrow are perhaps the best known of all the native sparrows of the United States. When not living in hedgerows or bushes about buildings, the song sparrow inhabits the shrubbery along water courses. It seeks its food on the ground, generally among bushes or weeds, and has a peculiar mouse-like way of running through the grass. Seeds of weeds, especially smartweed, bindweed, pigeon grass, pigweed, lamb's quarters, and ragweed, and also some crab grass, form four-fifths of the food of this species during the colder half of the year. Ninety-five out of 100 of the birds collected by the government experts during March and April had eaten weed seeds, and many stomachs contained from 50 to 200 seeds each. The chipping sparrow is a familiar little bird, readily recognized by its reddish cap, circada-like note and habit of lining its nest with horsehair. It eats the seeds of such troublesome grasses as pigeon grass, crab grass and closely allied species, and, during September and October, these and other weed seeds make up three-fourths of its food. The field sparrow is closely related to the chipping sparrow, but may be distinguished by its reddish bill. It is thoroughly commonplace in appearance, and in habits is much shorter than the chipping sparrow, which is often called a dooryard bird. The field sparrows are very abundant about the farm, and their food consists of practically the same seeds as those eaten by their relatives. The grasshopper sparrow, so called from its dry monotoneous note, is even more a bird of the fields than the field a rye field contained 7500 seeds of one kind of weed. In the Eastern States the bird has a peculiar habit of picking up pokeweed seeds and crushing them in its muscular stomach. A weed is a plant out of place. Certain plants seem to have formed a habit of constantly getting out of place and installing themselves in cultivated ground. Whether actually among crops or in adjacent waste land, from which they can spread to cultivated soil, they are always a menace. In the garden they occupy room allotted to useful plants and appropriate their light, water and food so that any check on these noxious plants, a million of which can spring up on a single acre, will not only lessen nature's chance of populating the soil with these worse than useless species, but will enable the farmer to attain greater success with cultivated crops. No less than fifty different birds act as deestroyers, and the noxious plants which they help to eradicate number more than threescore species. But the birds which accomplish most in this line are the score or more species of native sparrows that flock to the weed patches in early autumn and remain until late spring. During cold weather they require an abundance of food to keep their bodies warm, and it is their habit to keep their stomachs and gullets heaping full. CASTORIA For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always Bought Bears the Signature of Chaffinch Public Schools. Report of Anaheim public schools for the month ending May 5, 1899: No. Enrolled Attendance Tardiness CENTRAL SCHOOL. Prof. Little...71 61 3 Miss Rector...46 43 11 Mrs. Horr...59 55 3 Miss Kerlin...60 55 11 WEST ANAHEIM. Prof. Bird...22 21 2 Miss Fay...27 24 4 Miss Darby...28 25 4 Miss Burton...30 26 4 KATELLA. Mrs. Spencer...23 21 9 TOTAL...366 331 51 F. E. LITTLE, Principal. Hay. Wanted: 20 tons first-class barley hay, delivered for cash. Answer to Brookhurst Ranch Co., either personally or our ship's colors were at the front two races that were run with Kanaka crews, and the third race of the day was one in wrackajack eight was to figure races having been won by practically picked at random among the strongest seamen. "We thought this race was mercy. It was to be a four side one crew of Kanaka sugar field a crew of Kanaka policemen racing crew of the yacht Elonging to Mr. Slater of Poitier that had pulled into Honolulu from Japan a few days before crew didn't pay much attention yacht's racing crew and were uiring on the distance they were on the crew of Kanaka policemen seemed the most formidable. "The race was over the course carefully blocked out in bor—which was very smooth Honolulu aquatic sportsmen start was first rate. There was fore or aft, on the Bennin didn't stand to go broke on at least a month's pay on the of the Bennin's crew, am to give 8 to 1, too; if it was conceded that we had the racemery." "The start, as I said, was the Bennin's crew showing first and started out apparently a runaway race of it. The Licemens' crew trailed after stealthily, then the Kanaka workers and a good ten long rear, the Eleanor's crew. This way it looked for the finish Bennington's crew rounded boat and started for the return." "Some of the Honolulu men their money up on the two crews actually began to square and the cry. It's all over—Bess was heard all over the bay. stakeboat was rounded, it was that the Eleanor's boat was setting a move on itself, and were working like machines steady stroke that certainly lost it was cutting down the Bennington lead and the lead of the two boats." "Two minutes after the run was rounded the Eleanor's right abreast of the Kanaka gaining on them with every step they cox' on the Bennin hearing the yells of warning Bennington bluejackets ashore behind him and saw the Eleanor only two lengths behind him like an electric launch. was tired, and that's all about it." The Eleanor's crew had been selves in for the finish, and tainly did make a Garrison shot out cutter a good mile from home, to make the thing more garrison actually stopped rowing Bennington's crew was alongside Then they took to the oars from then it was a howling The Eleanor's crew just routed out in ten lengths ahead of ter and the Kanakas a quarter mile in the rear." "You never saw such a disgrace of men in your life as the officers on the Bennington." They are noisy but they are nice, would exchange the merry noise of aren at play, for the childless home in the clock tick can be heard hour in the dull silence. But there are great many who would like to pee the silent house with the children fate has refused them. Fate is often its case only another word for ignorance. Many a glad mother dates her happiness from the day she first began the use of Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription. It often happens that with the cure of female weakness and the establishing of the delicate womanly organs in sound health, the way is opened for the joy of motherhood. "Favorite Prescription" is a specific for the ciciliaments peculiar to women. It them perfectly and permanently other medicine can do for women such as "Favorite Scripture." Do not store let any other pine be palmed off as "just as good." favorite Prescription" runs no alcohol, opiates or other narrows. It is strictly a prance medicine. And been a sufferer from trouble for about three months old and has not had a day of sickness as bright as can be." Woman's complexion often suffers of poisonous accumulations in system. Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellet remove these accumulations and is the complexion. They regulate stomach, liver and bowels. The grasshopper sparrow, so called from its dry, monotonous note, is even more a bird of the fields than the field sparrow. It is one of the few species that eat the seed of rib grass. The "dickcissel" of the central States, which also has an insect-like note, is larger than the grasshopper sparrow, and its plumage is conspicuously marked with bright yellow, black and gray, something like that of the meadow lark. The vesper sparrow, celebrated for its twilight chanting, is as much a bird of the open, grassy fields as the lark, finch or dickcissel. When disturbed it flits up from the ground, spreading its white-flashed tail, and alights but a short distance away to resume its work. However varied in dress or habit, all native sparrows are alike in subsisting largely upon seeds of noxious plants. The goldfinch, or wild canary, is as useful as it is beautiful and as a weed destroyer has few equals. It is especially fond of thistles, wild lettuce, wild sunflower and ragweed. It is so often on thistles, that it is commonly known as the thistle bird. In the Central and Western states the goldfinches do much good by eating the seeds of wild sunflowers and other closely related weeds. They have also been seen feeding upon wild lettuce, and probably eat prickly lettuce, which has proved the most rapidly spreading weed ever introduced into this country. The meadow lark has long been placed on the border line of game birds, but it is a mistake to class any bird as game when its usefulness and beauty so far surpass its value as food. The farmer cannot afford to dispense with the services of the meadow lark, for it busies itself all summer eating grasshoppers and noxious insects, and when autumn comes varies its diet with ragweed, pigeon grass and other weeds, until in December these noxious plants comprise 25 per cent of its food. The mourning dove is abundant throughout much of the United States, and is especially common in stubble fields and waste places grown up to weeds. It is pre-eminently a seed eater, and although at times turning its attention to grain, it nevertheless consumes an enormous amount of weed seed. The crop of one dove secured in Mrs. Horr...59 55 3 Miss Kerlin...60 55 11 WEST ANAHEIM. Prof. Bird...22 2 Miss Fay...27 24 Miss Darby...28 25 Miss Burton...30 26 KATELLA. Mrs. Spencer...23 21 9 TOTAL...366 331 51 F.E.LITTLE, Principal. Hay. Wanted, 20 tons first-class barley hay, delivered for cash. Answer to Brookshurst Ranch Co., either personally or by letter, stating price, and time or times of delivery. BROOKSHURST RANCH Co., P.O. address, Box 1275. Anaheim. my4-tf High Praise. A story told by John Ross Dix in his "Pulpit Portraits" shows how strong a current of life ran in the veins of Dr. Lyman Beecher when he had passed the allotted threescore years and ten. When about 75 years of age, he spent a fortnight in the eastern part of Maine. A party of gentlemen at Calais went with him some 80 miles up a series of lakes to Indian territories. When about to embark upon a chain of lakes in the birch canoes, the Indian guide, Etienne, rather objected to so old a man attempting the adventure, fearing that he would give out. The doctor paddled with the best of the youngsters; caught more trout than all the party together and returned each day from the various tramps in the lead; ate his fish on a rook, with a sea biscuit for a trencher and fingers for knives and forks; slept on the ground upon hemlock branches under the tent, and at length the Indian guide went from the extreme of depreciation to the highest expression of admiration in his power, saying: "Ah, old man, all Indian!" Eureka Harness Oil is the best preservative of new leather and the best renovator of old leather. It oils, softens, blackens and protects. Use Eureka Harness Oil on your best harrows, your old harneys, and your carriage top, and they will not only look better but wear longer. Sold everywhere in cans—all sizes from half pints to five gallons. Made by STANDARD OIL CO. Summon In the Superior Court of the Orange State of California. Kunigunde Houg, plaintiff, v. Houg defendant. Action brought in the Superior Court of the County of Orange and the Complaint filed in the oler Clerk of said county of Orange. The people of the State of California greeting to Charles Houg, defendant. You are hereby directed to apply answer the Complaint in action as above, brought against you in superior Court of the County of Orange California, within ten days after on you of this summons; if served this county; or within thirty days elsewhere. And you are hereby notified that you appear and answer as above in the said plaintiff will take judgement money or damages demanded in a plaintiff, as arising upon contract, or apply to the Court for any other remedy mandated in the complaint. Given under my hand and the sea Superior Court of the County of Orange State of California, this 26th day on A.D. 1899. [SEAL] W.A.BECKETT, Louis Gottschalk and Richard Attorneys for plaintiff. A GREAT BOAT RACE. THE BENNINGTON'S CRACK CREW GOT A COSTLY SURPRISE. The Story of a Fourth of July Rowing Contest at Honolulu Which Emptied the Pockets and Lacerated the Feelings of Uncle Sam's Jackles. "About as dismal a Fourth of July as ever I experienced on board a man-o'-war," said an ex-sailor of the navy now living in Washington to a reporter, "was Independence day not many years ago down in the harbor of Honolulu. The Bennington had an all star racing boat's crew. The eight had just happened to be assigned to the Bennington in a bunch before she left for her Pacific cruise, and several of the coarsmen had been members of the Columbia's crack boat's crew that walloped all of the British navy's boats' crews in English waters a few years before. The Bennington's outter was one of the best in the navy, and she had been built for a racer. Before we left the Mare Island navy yard for south Pacific waters the ship's racing crew had easily beaten all of the other crews of the ships lying at the yard, including the tiptop crew of the Olympia and the Boston's fine crew. We thought that we were about as warm as they make 'em after our crew put it on so many other man-o'-war crews, giving them a couple of minutes the start of us, too, on numerous occasions and still beating them disgracefully. "The people of Honolulu arranged an aquatic festival for the Fourth of July—the Americans down there celebrated the Fourth just as enthusiastically as we do up here—and the Bennington's crew figured in it largely. Our ship's colors were at the fore in the two races that were run with picked Kanaka crews, and the third and last race of the day was one in which our crackajack eight was to figure, the other races having been won by subcrews practically picked at random from among the strongest seamen. "We thought this race was at our mercy. It was to be a four sided affair—one crew of Kanaka sugar field workers, a crew of Kanaka policemen and the racing crew of the yacht Eleanor, belonging to Mr. Slater of Providence, that had pulled into Honolulu harbor from Japan a few days before. Our crew didn't pay much attention to the CASTORIA The Kind You Have Always Bought, and which has been in use for over 30 years, has borne the signature of and has been made under his personal supervision since its infancy. Allow no one to deceive you in this. All Counterfeits, Imitations and Substitutes are but Experiments that trifle with and endanger the health of Infants and Children—Experience against Experiment. What is CASTORIA Castoria is a substitute for Castor Oil, Paregoric, Drops and Soothing Syrups. It is Harmless and Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic substance. Its age is its guarantee. It destroys Worms and allays Feverishness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipation and Flatulency. It assimilates the Food, regulates the Stomach and Bowels, giving healthy and natural sleep. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS Bears the Signature of The Kind You Have Always Bought In Use For Over 30 Years. Pacific Coast Steamship Co. The Company's elegant Steamers SANTA ROSA GRAY BROTHERS & WARD Cement Contractors Shillinger Patent. Contracts for RESERVOIRS, IRRIGATION Our ship's colors were at the fore in the two races that were run with picked Kanaka crowds, and the third and last race of the day was one in which our trackjack eight was to figure, the other races having been won by subrows practically picked at random from among the strongest seamen. "We thought this race was at our mercy. It was to be a four sided affair—one crew of Kanaka sugar field workers, a crew of Kanaka policemen and the racing crew of the yacht Eleanor, belonging to Mr. Slater of Providence, that had pulled into Honolulu harbor from Japan a few days before. Our crew didn't pay much attention to the yacht's racing crew and were only figuring on the distance they could beat the crew of Kanaka policemen, which seemed the most formidable. "The race was over the four mile course carefully blocked out in the harbor—which was very smooth—by the Honolulu aquatic sportsmen, and the start was first rate. There wasn't a man, or aft, on the Bennington that didn't stand to go broke to the extent of at least a month's pay on the success of the Bennington's crew, and we had to give 8 to 1, too, for it was generally conceded that we had the race at our mercy. "The start, as I said, was good, and the Bennington's crew showed in front first and started out apparently to make a runaway race of it. The Kanaka policemen's crew trailed after them, pulling steadily, then the Kanaka sugar workers and, a good ten lengths to the rear, the Eleanor's crew. This was the way it looked for the finish when the Bennington's crew rounded the stakeboat and started for the return trip. "Some of the Honolulu men who had their money up on the two Kanaka crowds actually began to square accounts, and the cry, 'It's all over—Bennington!' was heard all over the bay. When the stakeboat was rounded, it was noticed that the Eleanor's boat was sort of getting a move on itself, and the men were working like machines at a long, steady stroke that certainly looked as if it was cutting down the Bennington's lead and the lead of the two Kanaka boats. "Two minutes after the stakeboat was rounded—the Eleanor's gang were right abreast of the Kanaka cutters and training on them with every stroke, and the cox of the Bennington's cutter, hearing the yells of warning from the Bennington bluejackets ashore, looked behind him and saw the Eleanor outter only two lengths behind him and coming like an electric launch. Our crew was tired, and that's all there was about it. "The Eleanor's crew had held themselves in for the finish, and they certainly did make a Garrison finish of it. The yacht's cutter shot ahead of our cutter a good mile from home, and then, to make the thing more galling, the crew actually stopped rowing until the Bennington's crew was alongside again. Then they took to the oars again, and from then on it was a howling force. The Eleanor's crew just romped their cutter in ten lengths ahead of our cutter and the Kanakas a quarter of a mile in the rear." "You never saw snook a disgusted lot of men in your life as the men and officers on the Bennington. The Eleanor's ship company had taken all of them to 1 money they could get on board our ship for those know they had a good local steamship Co. The Company's elegant Steamers SANTA ROSA and CORONA leave Redondo at 11 a.m. and Port Los Angeles at 2:30 p.m. for San Diego. May 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, June 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25,-29, July 3, and every fourth day thereafter. Cars connect via Redondo leave Santa Fe depot at 9:55 a.m., or from Redondo Ry. depot at 9:30 a.m. Cars connect via Port Los Angeles leave S.P.R.R. depot at 1:25 p.m. for steamers north bound. The steamers COO'S BAY and BONITA leave San Pedro for San Francisco via East San Pedro, Ventura, Carpenteria, Santa Barbara, Goleta, Gaviota, Port Harford, Cayucos, San Simeon, Monterey and Safta Cruz at 6:30 p.m., May 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 21, 27, 31, 28, July 2, and every fourth day thereafter. Cars connect with steamers via San Pedro leave S.P.R.R. (Arcade depot) at 5:03 p.m. and Terminal Ry. depot at 5:18 p.m. For further information obtain folder. The company reserves right to change without previous notice, steamers, sailing dates and hours of sailing. To Pawtucket Agt., 129 W. Second St., Los Angeles. GOODALL PERKINS & Co., Gen. Agts., S.F. Southern Pacific Company. San Francisco and Los Angeles Limited—"THE OWL." Between Los Angeles and San Francisco daily. Leave Los Angeles 7 pm.; arrive San Francisco 9:45 am. Leave San Francisco 5 pm.; arrive Los Angeles 7:45 am. The Sunset Route offers unexcelled advantages for winter travel, and an unequalled train Sunset Limited season. November to April. This is the most magnificent train in America, restituted throughout, illuminated with Pintsch gas and heated by steam. Every train is made up as follows: One composite boat, containing bath-room; barber-shop; cafe; library and smoker; one compartment car with lavatory in each compartment; and passenger in the central ladder; and a ladder'maid in tendence; as many double drawing room, tension sleeper as may be necessary; with toilet annexes; one dining-car meals served a la carte. 1899--SUNSET EXCURSIONS----1899 Through Tourist Sleepers from Los Angeles: To Washington; D.C., via New Orleans; 8:15 a.m., Sundays and Thursdays. To Chicago; Ill., via New Orleans; 8:15 a.m., Tuesdays. To Chinatown; Ohio, via New Orleans; 8:15 a.m., Fridays. GODEN ROUTE EXCURSIONS. To Portland; St. Paul and Minneapolis Mondays; 10:30 ppm. First and second-class tickets for sal. at Anaheim at Los Angeles prices; and baggage checked through to any point in the United States, Canada or Mexico. Our local train service is unexcelled for comfort. Day coaches are equipped with the celebrated Scarritt seats, luxuriously upholstered, and passengers for Los Angeles are landed right in the center of the business part of the city—at First street or Commercial street—within a block of the large wholesale houses. Our connection at Molave for the famous gold mining camp of Randburg is superb; good hotel at Molave and elegant stage coaches... "You never saw such a disgusted lot of men in your life as the men and officers on the Bennington. The Eleanor's ship company had taken all of the to 1 money they could get on board our ship, for they knew they had a good thing up their sleeve. The Eleanor's crew on the whole trip around the world that was wound up at San Francisco had not been beaten once in a outter race, and the yacht's sailors had made all kinds of money in betting on their crew. It was a minor sort of conflation for us when we found out that one of the Eleanor's racing crew were American man-o'-war's men."—Washington Star. Winning race horses are generally days, chestnuts or browns, and for every hundred bays among them there are 50 chestnuts and 80 browns. There is no record of an important race being won by a piebald. While we are considering when to begin it is often too late to act.—Quinnian. Summons. In the Superior Court of the County of Orange, State of California. Kunigunde Houg, plaintiff, vs. Charles Doug, defendant. Action brought in the Superior Court of the county of Orange, State of California, and the Complaint filed in the office of the Merk of said county of Orange. The people of the State of California send hearing to Charles Houg, defendant. You are hereby directed to appear, and answer the Complaint in an action entitled above, brought against you in the Superior Court of the county of Orange, State of California, within ten days after the service you of this summons if served within its county; or within thirty days if served elsewhere. And you are hereby notified that unless you appear and answer as above required said plaintiff will take judgment for any money or damages demanded in the complaint, as arising upon contract, or will ap- to the Court for any other relief de- dened in the complaint. Given under my hand and the seal of the Superior Court of the county of Orange, State of California, this 28th day of February, A.D. 1899. W. A. BECKETT, Clerk. Bouls Gottschalk and Richard Melrose, attorneys for plaintiff. H. A. STOUGH. GENERAL BLACKSMITHING! All work done in first-class manner, and at prices as low as the lowest. Horse-Shoeing Neatly and Promptly Done. — Shop in Har Block, Center St., Anaheim.