anaheim-gazette 1879-12-05

ANAHEIM GAZETTE. RICHARD MELROSE. Editor and Proprietor PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY David's lament. The beauty of Larsil's fallen, Her flowers are crushed in their bloom. The strength of the mighty is broken, Bejoicing is enraged into gloom. Oh! Let not the godless e'er triumph! Over the Lord North annotated laid low! Oh! N'er let the daughter of Gaza! Erult in an Israelite's woe! Ye mountains that frown d'er Gilboa! No more shall the silvery rain. Be sprinkled with moistening profusion. On the ground where a monarch was slain. Like those warriors were standing, Defying the foe to the end; Like those warriors perished, No knee to the Gath would they bend. —HYDE PARKER. Trial of Alexander McLeod for the Murder of Amos Durfee. The rebellion in Canada, in 1837, came very near involving the United States in war with Great Britain. It was fomented by many on both sides of the frontier, and was chiefly stirred up by William Lyon Maskenzie. Mr. Mackenzie was a wiry, restless, energetic, and honest little Scotchman, who was born in Forfarshire, in Scotland, in 1795. At seventeen years of age, he commenced business in Dundee, where he kept a circulating library, the contents of which he had generally transferred to his own head. He afterward went to England, and was employed as clerk by Lord Lonsdale. In 1820 he arrived in Canada, and was employed in superintending the construction of the Lachine Canal. In 1823 he kept a store of books and drugs—food for the mind and medicines for the body—in Toronto. From 1824 till 1833 he edited and published the Colonial Advocate, at Niigara, and managed to incur, the hatred of the government, which tried to suppress his paper, and the wrath of the mob which destroyed his office. In 1828 he was elected Member of Parliament from York county individuals could not be answerable. The British accounts of the gathering at Navy Island, denounced the conduct of the American sympathizers as robbery; arson and murder. The government of the State of New York was charged with neglect in allowing the store-houses, which contained the arms and ammunition of the State to remain unguarded, and to be broken open, from which, in open day, cannon and other implements of war were carried away to be used against the peace of Canada. The British accounts complained that the invasion of Canada was under the command of an American citizen, that the authorities of the State of New York took no measures to prevent this invasion; that they had allowed the Caroline to be cut out of the ice in the harbor of Buffalo, and to be used for the purpose of bringing over to Navy Island men, arms, ammunition, stores and provisions, and that her destruction would prevent supplies and reinforcements from passing over to the Canadian rebels, and American sympathizers, who had congregated on Navy Island, had deprived the force on the island of the means of passing over to the main land of Canada. On the 224 of May, 1828, Mr. Stevenson, the American Minister, in an official note to Lord Palmerston, demanded reparation for the destruction of the Caroline, stating that our government considered that transaction as an outrage upon the United States, and a violation of United States Territory, committed by British troops, and planned and executed by the Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada. But no response or apology was made during the administration of Mr. Van Buren, and the controversy was handed over to President Harrison and the cabinet for settlement. Alexander McLeod, a somewhat noted character in Canada, had frequently boasted that he had killed Durfee, and afterward being found on the American side of the river, he was arrested for the murder. The British government announced its responsibility for the transaction, and Mr. McLeod was brought up on habeas corpus, but the New York courts refused to release him, and held him for trial. Here was a conflict of State Rights which very much embarrassed our government. The feeling was very fierce against McLeod in Niigara county. enlisting people to go up to capture the Caroline was at Schlosser inquiring about the outrage he had pistol and a sword stained which he boasted was "d Yankee," with other facts. A great many witnesses for the prosecution, but had seen Durfee killed one seen, with certain among the persons captured. The principal prosecution was his own vain boasting hardly came up to Mr. William Wells testified that owner of the Caroline fitted up the boat and Schlosser, on the 29th of 1837; got her there about and made her fast to then took his supper, said went to bed. The way at length she seizure of it and was subjected to an examination by Mr. Spencer knowledged that he had to Navy Island, and had other things a six-pound kets, and a quantity of pills had seen on the island a dred and fifty persons and of cannon. The force seemed to be under the Van Rensselaer. He teed received about ten freight carried between the island. He bought eight hundred dollars on December, had her cut in Buffalo harbor on the day was destroyed on the 29th. Daniel J. Stewart testified that on board the Caroline captured. She left Buffalo clock on the morning oat six o'clock made fast Schlosser for the night. As watch on deck about Soon after boats were doing the Caroline. His fiesta was that the boats were dians. He hailed them comes there? and the air was," Friends." The witness described the boat, and that they were," Show the d-quarter." James Field testified he had generally transferred to his own head. He afterward went to England, and was employed as clerk by Lord Lonsdale. In 1820 he arrived in Canada, and was employed in superintending the construction of the Lachine Canal. In 1823 he kept a store of books and drugs—food for the mind and medicines for the body—in Toronto. From 1824 till 1833 he edited and published the Colonial Advocate, at Niagara, and managed to incur, the hatred of the government, which tried to suppress his paper, and the wrath of the mob which destroyed his office. In 1828 he was elected Member of Parliament from York county to the Colonial Legislature, and got expelled five times for libeling the Assembly. Each time he was expelled he managed to get re-elected, till the Assembly refused to issue new writs for election. In 1832 he went to England with a petition on grievances to the Home Government, and while there published in London a book of "Sketches of Canada." In 1836 he was elected the first Mayor of the city of Toronto, and in 1837 got up a serious rebellion. The insurgents took possession of Navy Island, in the Niagara river, below Buffalo, and organized an army with which to invade Canada. Mr. Mackenzie delivered speeches in Buffalo and elsewhere, urging American citizens to join the rebellion. The steamer Caroline was cut out of the ice on the 28th of December, 1837, and on the 29th commenced her trips to Schlosser, opposite Navy Island, and conveyed arms and men to that island. The Canadian authorities had spies on hand, who kept them well informed, and under the direction of orders from Sir Allan McNab, surrounded the steamer on the night of the 29th or morning of the 30th, surprised the party on board, consisting of some thirty persons, killed one Amos Durfee, beat and wounded several others, who escaped by rushing through falling swords or jumping into the water, cut the Caroline from her moorings, towed her into the middle of the river, and sent her, in a blaze of fire, over the Falls of Niagara. Mr. Mackenzie fled to the United States, where he was tried for a breach of our neutrality laws, and sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment at the jail in Rochester. He then published a paper called Mackenzie's Gazette, and became connected with the New York Tribune. Many of the statistics on Government Reform and on slavery, used by Horace Greeley, were furnished by Mr. Mackenzie. About 1841 he commenced the publication, in numbers, of a book entitled "The Lives of One Thousand Illustrious Irishmen," which was suspended after the publication of two numbers containing sketches of some hundred natives of Ireland and their descendants. About the same time, being employed in the New York Custom House, he discovered in the attic of that building a mass of letters written by the leading politicians of New York, which he published in a pamphlet, which created more political excitement and amusement than any other publication of that day. Of course he lost his situation in the Custom House. Having obtained a pardon for his character in Canada, had frequently boasted that he had killed Durfee, and afterward being found on the American side of the river, he was arrested for the murder. The British government announced its responsibility for the transaction, and Mr. McLeod was brought up on habeas corpus, but the New York courts refused to release him, and held him for trial. Here was a conflict of State Rights which very much embarrassed our government. The feeling was very fierce against Mr. McLeod in Niagara county. The case came on to be tried, finally, at Utica, on the 4th of October, 1841, before Judge Gridley and a jury, in a Court of Oyer and Terminer of Oneida county, to which the case had been transferred for a fair trial, which the prisoner averred he could not have in the county in which it occurred. On behalf of the prosecution there appeared Willis Hall, Attorney-General of the State of New York, Timothy Jenkins, District Attorney for Oneida county, J. L. Wood, District-Attorney of Niagara county, and Seth Hawley, of Buffalo. For the prisoner appeared Joshua Spencer, C. Gardner, and Alvin Bradley. Judge Philo Gridley was a native of Oneida county, born in 1796. He was appointed Judge in place of Denio, resigned. He was known as the steam Judge, from the rapidity with which he went through the court business. He died in 1864. Willis Hall was born in Granville, New York, in 1801. He was graduated at Yale College, in 1824. He was admitted to the bar, and practiced for about four years at Mobile, in Alabama. In 1831 he returned to New York, and was sent to the Legislature in 1837. In 1841 he was Attorney-General of the State, and in 1842 was again a Member of the Assembly. In 1843 he was stricken with paralysis, from which he never wholly recovered, but continued to practice law for nearly a quarter of a century, with shattered health, and somewhat enfeebled, but still brilliant intellect. He was an enthusiastic friend of Henry Clay, and refused to support General Taylor for President. Mr. Spencer was an able lawyer, of Utica, whose fame extended over the State and beyond its boundaries. It was in his office that Francis Kernan, the present United States Senator studied law. The array of counsel on both sides was able and brilliant, and London and Washington concentrated their attention on the little city of Utica. Had McLeod been found guilty, and executed for the murder, there was little hope of preventing a war between England and this country. The British Minister at Washington during the controversy, was the Right Hon. Henry Stephen Fox, a crafty old diplomatist, nephew of the celebrated orator, Charles James Fox. He died in Washington, in 1846. The prisoner when brought into court was described as one who had lived well and felt much at ease. There was no great difficulty in obtaining a jury. The jurors generally Alexander McLeod, a somewhat noted character in Canada, had frequently boasted that he had killed Durfee, and afterward being found on the American side of the river, he was arrested for the murder. The British government announced its responsibility for the transaction, and Mr. McLeod was brought up on habeas corpus, but the New York courts refused to release him, and held him for trial. Here was a conflict of State Rights which very much embarrassed our government. The feeling was very fierce against Mr. McLeod in Niagara county. The case came on to be tried, finally, at Utica, on the 4th of October, 1841, before Judge Gridley and a jury, in a Court of Oyer and Terminer of Oneida county, to which the case had been transferred for a fair trial, which the prisoner averred he could not have in the county in which it occurred. On behalf of the prosecution there appeared Willis Hall, Attorney-General of the State of New York, Timothy Jenkins, District Attorney for Oneida county, J. L. Wood, District-Attorney of Niagara county, and Seth Hawley, of Buffalo. For the prisoner appeared Joshua Spencer, C. Gardner, and Alvin Bradley. Judge Philo Gridley was a native of Oneida county, born in 1796. He was appointed Judge in place of Denio, resigned. He was known as the steam Judge from the rapidity with which he went through the court business. He died in 1864. Willis Hall was born in Granville, New York, in 1801. He was graduated at Yale College, in 1824. He was admitted to the bar,and practiced for about four years at Mobile ,in Alabama.In 1831 he returned to New York,and was sent to the Legislature in 1837.In 1841 he was Attorney-General of the State,and in 1842 was again a Member of the Assembly.In 1843 he was stricken with paralysis,从which he never wholly recovered,但continued to practice law for nearly a quarterofa century,以shatteredhealth,andsomewhat enfeebled,但 still brilliant intellect。他was an enthusiastic friendof HenryClay,andrefusedtosupportGeneralTaylorforPresident. Mr. Spencer was an able lawyer，of Utica，whose fame extended overtheStateandbeyonditsboundaries。ItwasinhisofficethatFrancisKernan,thepresentUnitedStatesSenatorstudiedlaw. Thearrayofcounselonbothsideswouldableandbrilliant,andLondonandWashingtonconcentrated theirattentiononthelittlecityofUtica.HadMcLeodbeenfoundguilty,andexecutedforgreatmercurytherewilhelmhopeoffpreventingawarbetweenEnglandandthiscountry.TheBritishMinisteratWashington,duringthecontroversys,theRightHon.HenryStephenFox,acraftyolddiplomatist,nephewofthecelebratedorator.CharlesJamesFox.HediedinWashington.in1846. Theprisonerwhenbroughtinto courtwasdescribedasonewhohadlivedwellandfeltmuchatease. Therewasnogreatdifficultyinobtainingajury.Thejarorsgenerallycausednewwitness.SamuelhadbeenabarkeeperHesworethathe sawtfromtheburningofththatMcLeodwasamongassidedhowshowhebeMcLeod,hewanswered." As sure,sir,iasIthere nowbeforeme." The fourth day tha The lives of One Thousand Illustrions Irishmen, which was suspended after the publication of two numbers containing sketches of some hundred natives of Ireland and their descendants. About the same time, being employed in the New York Custom House, he discovered in the attic of that building a mass of letters written by the leading politicians of New York, which he published in a pamphlet, which created more political excitement and amusement than any other publication of that day. Of course he lost his situation in the Custom House. Having obtained a pardon for his part in the rebellion of 1837, he returned to Canada in 1850, and in 1858 was elected again to Parliament. His friends purchased him a small annuity and a residence near Toronto, where he died in 1861. Amos Durfee, in trying to escape from the Caroline, was shot through the head, and was found dead on the railroad track at Schlosser. President Van Buren, in his message, in December, 1837, recited the facts to Congress. He had hoped that American citizens would not promote insurrection in the territory of a power with which we were at peace, but regretted to say that this had not been the case. From official and other sources, he had learned that many citizens of the United States had associated together to make hostile incursions from our territory into Canada, to aid and abet insurrection there, in violation of law, and in disregard of their duties as American citizens, and that citizens of the United States, in conjunction with Canadians, had made a forcible seizure of American property, and applied it to the prosecution of military operations against the authorities and people of Canada. He stated that the results of these operations, which he called criminal assaults upon the peace and order of a neighboring county, had been fatally destructive to the misguided or deluded persons who had engaged in them, and that a state of feeling had been produced on both sides of the frontier, which called for prompt and vigorous interference. The affair was made the subject of a communication from Mr. Forsyth, our Secretary of State, to Mr. Fox, the British Minister, and Mr. Fox promptly answered that the burning of the Caroline, with all its consequences and incidents, was done by the British Government, and justified it as a measure of proper and necessary self-defense; that it was a government act for which indictments on the little city of Utica. Had McLeod been found guilty, and executed for the murder, there was little hope of preventing a war between England and this country. The British Minister at Washington, during the controversy, was the Right Hon. Henry Stephen Fox, a crafty old diplomatist, nephew of the celebrated orator, Charles James Fox. He died in Washington, in 1846. The prisoner when brought into court was described as one who had lived well and felt much at ease. There was no great difficulty in obtaining a jury. The jurors generally answered that they had neither formed nor expressed an opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the prisoner, and that they had no conscientious scruples against finding a verdict in a case involving life and death. Mr. Hall had asked the first juror called as to his views of the public policy involved in this case, but the judge pronounced the question altogether beyond the pale of necessity or regularity in challenging jurors. One juror, however, had himself excused on this ground, and though the judge said it was not sufficient he was allowed to stand aside. Two were excused on account of conscientious and religious scruples against the taking of human life, two on account of sickness, and several were peremptorily challenged by the prisoner's counsel. Attorney-General Hall proposed that one juror, who had answered satisfactorily, should stand aside till the panel was exhausted; but, after a long argument, the judge decided against the proposition. Mr. Hall opened the case before the jury. He spoke of the important duty devolving upon himself and upon the jury, and of the great excitement pervading the country from one extremity of the Union to the other. He read to the jury the indictment found against the prisoner at the Niagara Circuit, with its different accounts—charging in one that the murder was committed with a gun, in another that it was done with a pistol by the prisoner, and by other parties unknown, the prisoner being present aiding and assisting. Mr. Hall said he was prepared to prove by the assertions of the prisoner that he was present at the destruction of the Caroline and the murder of Durfee, that he was about Navy Island and Schlosser immediately preceding the murder; that he was busily engaged in washing on the little city of Utica. Had McLeod been found guilty, and executed for the murder, there was little hope of preventing a war between England and this country. The British Minister at Washington, during the controversy, was the Right Hon. Henry Stephen Fox, a crafty old diplomatist, nephew of the celebrated orator, Charles James Fox. He died in Washington, in 1846. The prisoner when brought into court was described as one who had lived well and felt much at ease. There was no great difficulty in obtaining a jury. The jurors generally answered that they had neither formed nor expressed an opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the prisoner, and that they had no conscientious scruples against finding a verdict in a case involving life and death. Mr. Hall had asked the first juror called as to his views of the public policy involved in this case, but the judge pronounced the question altogether beyond the pale of necessity or regularity in challenging jurors. One juror, however, had himself excused on this ground, and though the judge said it was not sufficient he was allowed to stand aside. Two were excused on account of conscientious and religious scruples against the taking of human life, two on account of sickness, and several were peremptorily challenged by the prisoner's counsel. Attorney-General Hall proposed that one juror, who had answered satisfactorily, should stand aside till the panel was exhausted; but, after a long argument, the judge decided against the proposition. Mr. Hall opened the case before the jury. He spoke of the important duty devolving upon himself and upon the jury, and of the great excitement pervading the country from one extremity of the Union to the other. He read to the jury the indictment found against the prisoner at the Niagara Circuit, with its different accounts—charging in one that the murder was committed with a gun, in another that it was done with a pistol by the prisoner, and by other parties unknown, the prisoner being present aiding and assisting. Mr. Hall said he was prepared to prove by the assertions of the prisoner that he was present at the destruction of the Caroline and the murder of Durfee, that he was about Navy Island and Schlosser immediately preceding the murder; that he was busily engaged in washing on the little city of Utica. Had McLeod been found guilty, and executed for the murder, there was little hope of preventing a war between England and this country. The British Minister at Washington, during the controversy, was the Right Hon. Henry Stephen Fox, a crafty old diplomatist, nephew of the celebrated orator, Charles James Fox. He died in Washington, in 1846. The prisoner when brought into court was described as one who had lived well and felt much at ease. There was no great difficulty in obtaining a jury. The jurors generally answered that they had neither formed nor expressed an opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the prisoner, and that they had no conscientious scruples against finding a verdict in a case involving life and death. Mr. Hall had asked the first juror called as to his views of the public policy involved in this case, but the judge pronounced the question altogether beyond the pale of necessity or regularity in challenging jurors. One juror, however, had himself excused on this ground, and though the judge said it was not sufficient he was allowed to stand aside. Two were excused on account of conscientious and religious scruples against the taking of human life, two on account of sickness, and several were peremptorily challenged by the prisoner's counsel. Attorney-General Hall proposed that one juror, who had answered satisfactorily, should stand aside till the panel was exhausted; but after a long argument，the judge decided against the proposition. Mr. Hall opened the case before the jury. He spoke of the important duty devolving upon himself and upon the jury，and of the great excitement pervading the country from one extremity of the Union to the other. He read to the jury the indictment found against the prisoner at the Niagara Circuit，with its different accounts—charging in one that the murder was committed with a gun，in another that it was done with a pistol by the prisoner，and by other parties unknown，the prisoner being present aiding and assisting. Mr. Hall said he was prepared to prove by the assertions of the prisoner that he was present at the destruction of the Caroline and the murder of Durfee，that he was about Navy Island和Schlosser immediately precedingthe murder；that he was busily engagedin washingonthelittlecityofUtica.HadMcLeodbeenfoundguilty,andexecutedforthemurderbythewitness,Samuelhadbeena bar-keeperHesworethathe sawthattrometheburningofthethatMcLeodwasamongingsawhathowensurehismeasureofprotectionbytheattorney-Genotheprosecutioninoneefforts.JudgeGridleydeliverreviewingtheevidenceinginthesewords: "Ifthe evidencewaysthatheisguilty,yourdecisionshouldwetryintheflamesofwasslightlypronounceit.handifhebeinnocentpronouncehim.regardeormurmurs.orfearoffheGodoftruthenableaccordingtothoseprincipiestrengthwhichareoftheEternalThrones." IntrettyminutesafterjuryreturnedwiththeGuilt." The prisoner's keen up-up,andtakinghishat tiredfromthecourtableandsuccessfulcoordinationThereisno doubtthattheGovernmentdidalltheMr.McLeodacquittedden,theAttorney-GenHarrison,andDanielWretaryofState.wishesoftheStateofNewYorkrefusingtosurrectthehabewascorpus,said "Ontheperilandprofessionreputation,theopinionoftheCourierinthatcase.isnota enlisting people to go upon the expedition to capture the Caroline; that he was at Schlosser inquiring what time the Caroline would be there, and that after the outrage he had exhibited a pistol and a sword, stained with blood, which he boasted was "the blood of a d—d Yankee," with other corroborating facts. A great many witnesses were called for the prosecution, but none of them had seen Durfee killed, nor had any one seen, with certainty, McLeod among the persons capturing the Caroline. The principal proof against him was his own vain boastings. The proof hardly came up to Mr. Hall's opening. William Wells testified that he was the owner of the Caroline. He had fitted up the boat and ran her to Schlosser, on the 29th of December, 1837; got her there about six o'clock, and made her fast to the dock. He then took his supper, set the watch, and went to bed. The witness detailed at length the seizure of the Caroline, and was subjected to a severe cross-examination by Mr. Spencer. He acknowledged that he had run the boat to Navy Island, and had taken among other things a six-pounder, some muskets, and a quantity of provisions. He had seen on the island about two hundred and fifty persons and eleven pieces of cannon. The force on the island seemed to be under the command of Van Rensselaer. He testified that he had received about ten dollars for freight carried between Schlosser and the island. He bought the boat for eight hundred dollars on the 1st of December, had her cut out of the ice in Buffalo harbor on the 28th, and she was destroyed on the 29th. Daniel J. Stewart testified that he was on board the Caroline when she was captured. She left Buffalo about eight o'clock on the morning of the 29th, and at six o'clock made fast to the dock at Schlosser for the night. He was placed as watch on deck about one o'clock. Soon after boats were discovered nearing the Caroline. His first impression was that the boats were manned by Indians. He hailed the boats "Who comes there?" and the answer returned was, "Friends." The witness described the capture of the boat, and that the orders given were, "Show the d—d rebels no quarter." James Field testified that he kept a ion, either on the result at which it arrives; or the reasoning on which it proceeds." But McLeod went free, and Mr. Webster obtained an apology from Great Britain for the invasion of our territory; but "Durfee's ghost walks unavenged."—How. Wm. E. Robinson, in N. Y. Weekly. Co-Operative Stores. It will be strange if the visit of Mr. George Jacob Holyoake to this country does not result in the establishment here of a system of co operative stores for the working classes, such as he has been so largely instrumental in founding and carrying forward to success in Great Britain. His addresses set forth so clearly the manner of conducting these stores, and describe so well the benefits they have conferred upon the poorer classes, that public attention on this side of the Atlantic will be certain to be directed to the system, and some effort to introduce it in our principal cities will naturally follow. The fact that the Rochdale plan has demonstrated its value by an experience of twenty years, that hundreds of stores are working under it to-day, and that they have accumulated millions of capital and divided other millions of profits among their members, while furnishing pure food at the ruling market rates, cha lenges attention; and the connected fact that the system is the outgrowth of the intelligence, business talent and integrity of the laboring classes, and is not a gift to them from men who have no need of its advantages, must create surprise and admiration. We had heard in this country a great deal of these Rochdale stores before, but here comes the man who has spent a large share of a lifetime devoted to philanthropy in working out the theory and practice upon which their success has been based, and who now gives us the assurance that the theory is sound and its practical application feasible and beneficial. The words of such a man will have a vital interest for the American workingmen. He shows them that it is possible while purchasing needed supplies for their families to be constantly saving money in the direct ratio of their purchases; so that at the end of the year they may have fifty or a hundred dollars laid by at interest where they now have nothing. He Returning a Favor. A tinker was traveling in a country town; and, having traversed many miles without finding anything to do, he stopped, weary and hungry, at a tavern. Here he got into conversation with a glazier, to whom he related his troubles. The latter sympathized with him deeply, and, telling him he should have a job before long, advised him to go to his dinner and eat heartily. The tinker took his advice, ate his fill, and when he returned to the tap-room he was overjoyed to hear that the landlord required his services to mend a lot of pans and kettles which had suddenly "sprung a leak." The tinker at once set to work, accomplished the task, received a liberal sum in payment, and started on his way rejoicing. Upon reaching the outside of the house he found the glazier, who said: "Well, you see I told you the truth. I procured you a job of work, and how do you think I accomplished it?" "I am sure I cannot tell," replied the tinker. "I will tell you," rejoined the glazier. "You told me you were weary, hungry, and dinnerless. I knew the landlord was well-off and doing a good business; and so I watched the opportunity, and started a leak in every utensil I could get hold of." The tinker, with many thanks and a heart full of gratitude, resumed his journey. But he had not proceeded many yards before he reached the village church, when a brilliant idea struck him—the glazier had befriended him; he would befriend the glazier. The church, he thought, could afford to bear a slight loss in a good cause; so, taking a position where he could not be seen, he riddled every window in the edifice with stones, and then highly elated with his exploit, he retraced his steps to notify the glazier that he would speedily have a very important job. "Sir," said he, "I am happy to inform you that fortune has enabled me to return the kindness I received from you an hour since." "How so?" answered the glazier, pleasantly. "I have broken every pane of glass in the church," answered the tinker; "and you, of course, will be employed to put them in again." The glazier's jaw fell, and his face enlisted people to go upon the expedition to capture the Caroline; that he was at Schlosser inquiring what time the Caroline would be there, and that after the outrage he had exhibited a pistol and a sword, stained with blood, which he boasted was "the blood of a d—d Yankee," with other corroborating facts. A great many witnesses were called for the prosecution, but none of them had seen Durfee killed, nor had any one seen, with certainity, McLeod among the persons capturing the Caroline. The principal proof against him was his own vain boastings. The proof hardly came up to Mr. Hall's opening. William Wells testified that he was the owner of the Caroline. He had fitted up the boat and ran her to Schlosser, on the 29th of December, 1837; got her there about six o'clock, and made her fast to the dock. He then took his supper, set the watch, and went to bed. The witness detailed at length the seizure of the Caroline, and was subjected to a severe cross-examination by Mr. Spencer. He acknowledged that he had run the boat to Navy Island, and had taken among other things a six-pounder, some muskets, and a quantity of provisions. He had seen on the island about two hundred and fifty persons and eleven pieces of cannon. The force on the island seemed to be under the command of Van Rensselaer. He testified that he had received about ten dollars for freight carried between Schlosser and the island. He bought the boat for eight hundred dollars on the 1st of December, had her cut out of the ice in Buffalo harbor on the 28th, and she was destroyed on the 29th. Daniel J. Stewart testified that he was on board the Caroline when she was captured. She left Buffalo about eight o'clock on the morning of the 29th, and at six o'clock made fast to the dock at Schlosser for the night. He was placed as watch on deck about one o'clock. Soon after boats were discovered nearing the Caroline. His first impression was that the boats were manned by Indians. He hailed the boats "Who comes there?" and the answer returned was, "Friends." The witness described the capture of the boat, and that the orders given were, "Show them all." And this order no quarter." James Field testified that he kept a ion, either on the result at which it arrives; or the reasoning on which it proceeds." She left Buffalo about eight o'clock on the morning of the 29th, and at six o'clock made fast to the dock at Schlosser for the night. He was placed as watch on deck about one o'clock. Soon after boata were discovered near the Caroline. His first impression was that the boats were manned by Indians. He hiled the boats "Who comes there?" and the answer returned was, "Friends." The witness described the capture of the boat, and that the orders given were, "Show the d——d rebels no quarter." James Field testified that he kept a hotel at Schlosser. He heard the noise on the Caroline about 1 o'clock; got up and went out, and found Durfee lying dead. He lay partly on his face, with his feet to the water. It appeared as if a bait had been shot through his head. His cap, which was lying near him, had two holes in it corresponding with the holes in his head. It appeared to be singed near the hole in the back part. He was about four feet from the water. One gun was fired from his house at the men who had captured the Caroline, but this shot was fired five or six rods below where Durfee was found. John Hatter testified that the gun fired from Field's house was loaded with powder only. Mr. Field got the powder, and it was fired only to scare the parties taking away the Caroline, and that was the only gun about the house. James H. King, mate of the Caroline, testified that he was awakened by the noise of the party boarding the boat. He was struck several times by swords, and was wounded in several places. The lowness of the cabin prevented the free use of the sword, and he used the blankets as a shield. When the attack party entered the cabin they shouted to the witness: "Roll over, you d——d Yankee, and give us those mattresses!" They flurried out the bedding, and set it on fire. One of them said: "What shall we do with this fellow?" "Kill him," said one. "Take him prisoner," said another. "We don't want prisoners," said another, and so after considerable "banging" he was allowed to go ashore. Gilman Appleby testified that he was on the Caroline, and when waked by the noise tried to escape to the shore. He was struck on the breast with a sword. Witness jumped into the water, and as he rose to the surface some one struck him on the back with a boarding pike. He made his way to the shore, and there he found Durfee on the railroad track lying dead. There were thirty-three men on board the Caroline, ten of whom comprised the crew. The rest were "dead-heads." The strongest proof of McLeod's presence at the murder of Durfee, was by the witness, Samuel Deown, who had been a bar-keeper at Chippewa. He swore that he saw the men return from the burning of the Caroline, and that McLeod was among them. On being asked how sure he was that it was McLeod, he answered: "As sure, sir, as I see him sitting there now before me." The fourth day the defense comshare of a lifetime devoted to philanthropy in working out the theory and practice upon which their success has been based, and who now gives us the assurance that the theory is sound and its practical application feasible and beneficial. The words such a man will have a vital interest for the American workingmen. He shows them that it is possible while purchasing needed supplies for their families to be constantly saving money in the direct ratio of their purchases; so that at the end of the year they may have fifty or a hundred dollars laid by at interest where they now have nothing. He shows, too, that by the joint effort of many co-operative stores a purchasing agency may be created, commanding the services of the best buying talent, procuring goods of the best quality in the best markets, and insuring to the customers, no matter how small his purchases may be, immunity from fraud and adulteration. The co-operative store, as described by Mr. Holyoake, is a guarantee of good weight, honest measure and genuine quality, and is at the same time a savings bank in which the profits on the articles sold accumulate for the benefit of the purchasers. Co-operative stores are not wholly unknown in the United States. A few years ago a number were set up in the cities and large towns of the Eastern and Middle States, but most of them came to grief. In many cases they were speculations under the guise of philanthropy; in others they were badly managed. If we are not mistaken they were all founded on the principle, which has been abandoned as a failure in England, of selling close down to the cost price, and thus underselling the regular shops. They maintained no general purchasing agency, and could give their customers no better opportunity for getting articles free from adulteration than could other retail concerns. Their failure is no argument against the introduction of the system which has succeeded so well in England. It may be that co-operative stores are not as much needed here as in the old country. The average American takes so eagerly to barter and traffic, and is so ready to abandon a slow-going success on the farm for the chance of a more rapid one in the corner-grocery; that there is, we imagine, greater competition here in most lines of trade, and consequently smaller profits, than in the Old World, where shop-keeping is a calling descending from father to son, and an old-established green-grocer's or haberdasher's stand is a valuable property in itself by reason of the run of business which comes to it from habit. We hope, at all events, that the adulteration of food has not been carried to such an extent here as to place us in the condition in which the co-operative stores found the English working people, whose tastes had to be educated to like genuine articles." "When we offered pure flour," says Mr. Holyoake, "why, the women would not take it. They had never seen it before; they didn't like it; it was not made white by ingredients mixed with it for that purpose. When we offered them pure coffee they thought we were going to poison them. They had never seen it, and the aroma Neglect of the Eye. Whatever an ounce of preventive may be to other members of the body, it certainly is worth many pounds of cure to the eye. Like a chronometer watch, this delicate organ will stand any amount of use, not to say abuse, but when once thrown off its balance it can very rarely be brought back to its original perfection of action, or if it is, it becomes ever after liable to a return of disability of function, or the seat of actual disease. One would have supposed from this fact, and from the fact that modern civilization has imposed upon the eye an ever-increasing amount of strain, both as to the actual quantity of work done, and the constantly increasing brilliancy and duration of the illumination under which it is performed, that the greatest pains would have been exercised in maintaining the organ in a condition of health, and the greatest care and solicitude used in its treatment when diseased. And yet it is safe to say that there is no organ in the bodythe welfare of which is so persistently neglected as the eye. I have known doting mothers take their children of four and five years of age to have their first teeth filled, instead of having them extracted, so that their jaw might not suffer in its due development,and become in later years contracted;whilethe eye,the most intellectual,the most apprehensive,andthe most discominatingofall our organs，receivesnot evena passing thought,much lessan examination.Inever seemstooccurtotheparentsthattheprincipalagentinacchild'seducationistheeye;thatthroughit,i gainsnotonlyitssenseofthemethodsandwaysofexistenceofothersbuteventhemeansforthemaintenanceoftheown;nordoesitoccurtotheparentsforaninstantthatmanyofthementalaswellas bodilyattributesofa growingchildarefashioned,eveniftheyarenotcreated,byleconditionoftheeyealone. A child is put to school without slightest inquiry onthepartoftheparent,andmuchlessonofthepartoftheteacher whetherithasthenormal were thirty-three men on board the Caroline, ten of whom comprised the crew. The rest were "dead-heads." The strongest proof of McLeod's presence at the murder of Durfee, was by the witness, Samuel Deown, who had been a bar-keeper at Chippewa. He swore that he saw the men return from the burning of the Caroline, and that McLeod was among them. On being asked how sure he was that it was McLeod, he answered: "As sure, sir, as I see him sitting there now before me." The fourth day the defense commenced and succeeded in pretty clearly proving that McLeod was not present. Mr. Spencer summed up the prisoner in a very able argument. He was followed by Attorney-General Hall for the prosecution in one of his ablest efforts. Judge Gridley delivered the charge, reviewing the evidence, and concluding in these words: "If the evidence will lead you to say that he is guilty, then, although your decision should wrap your country in the flames of war, you will fearlessly pronounce it. On the other hand, if he be innocent, you will so pronounce him, regardless of threats or murmurs, or fear of abuse; and may the God of truth enable you to decide according to those principles of truth and equity, which are the foundations of the Eternal Throne." In twenty minutes after retiring, the jury returned with the verdict of "Not Guilty." The prisoner's keen gray eyes kindled up, and taking his hat and cloak, he retired from the court house with his able and successful counsel. There is no doubt that the General Government did all they could to have Mr. McLeod acquitted. Mr. Crittenden, the Attorney-General of President Harrison, and Daniel Webster, his Secretary of State, wished the authorities of the State of New York to allow McLeod to go free, and to hold the British Government responsible. Mr. Webster, in his great speech in the Senate of the United States, April 7th, 1846, defining his negotiations with Great Britain on this and other subjects of dispute, in speaking of the decision of the Supreme Court of New York refusing to surrender McLeod on the habeas corpus, said: "On the peril and at the risk of my profession reputation, I now say that the opinion of the Court of New York, in that case, is not a respectable opinion to it from habit. We hope, at all events, that the adulteration of food has not been carried to such an extent here as to place us in the condition in which the co-operative stores found the English working people, whose tastes had to be educated to like genuine articles." "When we offered pure flour," says Mr. Holyoake, "why, the women would not take it. They had never seen it before; they didn't like it; it was not made white by ingredients mixed with it for that purpose. When we offered them pure coffee they thought we were going to poison them. They had never seen it, and the aroma they never knew." But though the American retailer may be content with smaller profits than his British cousin, and be more conscientious in the matter of the quality of his goods, there is field enough here for the working out of the cooperative scheme which has proved so remarkably successful in the English manufacturing towns. We should be glad to see the experiment fairly tried. Those who are disposed to make the attempt should realize, however, that there is no magic in the name cooperative which will make unskillfulness and shiftlessness succeed, and should understand that business sagacity and strict integrity are essential features of the Rochdale plan.—N. Y. Tribune. A Southern girl who has seen better days as a member of one of the first families of Virginia, is now earning her living by plying an awl at the shoe-maker's bench in Petersburg. She served an apprenticeship of four years, and it is said, can now turn out as good a shoe as any man in the business who has not had more experience. She is now thinking of manufacturing shoes on her own account, and if she can find a suitable one, she may be induced to accept a male partner, provided he will agree not to make love to her and offer to dissolve the mercantile partnership and go into a domestic one. Spiced Bread Cake. Take one and one-half teacups of dough after it is raised for bread, add to it one cup of butter, two cups of brown sugar, two thirds of a cup of raisins, stoned and chopped. One tablespoonful each of cloves, cinnamon and allspice. Mix thoroughly and let it rise before baking. When a man's temper gets the best of him it reveals the worst of him. passing thought, much less an examination. It never seems to occur to the parents that the principal agent in a child's education is the eye; that through it, it gains not only its sense of the methods and ways of existence of others, but even the means for the maintenance of its own; nor does it occur to the parents for an instant that many of the mental as well as bodily attributes of a growing child are fashioned, even if they are not created, by the condition of the eye alone. A child is put to school without the slightest inquiry on the part of the parent, and much less on the part of the teacher, whether it has the normal amount of sight; whether it sees objects sharply and well-defined, or distinctly and distorted; whether it be near-sighted or far-sighted; whether it sees with one or two eyes; or finally, if it does see clearly or distinctly, whether it is not using a quantity of nervous force sufficient, after a time, not only to exhaust the energy of the visual organ, but of the nervous system at large. How to Pour Tea. There is more to be learned about pouring tea and coffee than most ladies are willing to believe. If these decoctions are made at the table, which is by far the best way, they require experience, judgment and exactness; if they are brought on the table ready made, it still requires judgment so to apportion them that they shall prove sufficient in quantity for the family party, and the elders have the stronger cups. Often persons pour out tea who, not being at all aware that the first cup is the weakest, and that the tea grows stronger as you proceed, bestow the poorest cup upon the greatest stranger and give the strongest to the very youngest member of the family who would have been better without any. Where several cups of equal strength are wanted, you should pour a little into each, and then go back, inverting the order as you fill them up, and then the strength will be apportioned properly. This is so well understood in England, that an experienced porter of tea waits till all the cups of the company are returned to her before she fills any a second time, that all may share alike.—House and Home. No wonder that debt makes men criminals. It hardens the heart. A black suit—Spades. DR. W. N. HARDIN, Office and Residence, Corner Los Angeles and Sycamore Streets. ANAHEIM, CAL. J. H. YOCUM, M. D. Physician & Surgeon, Office and Residence corner Centre and Palm streets, with office hours at Ferguson & Lakes' Drag Shores, from 9 to 10 a.m., and 4 to 5 p.m. ANAHEIM, CAL. DR. ALICE HIGGINS, PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON OFFICE—Corner of Lemon and Centre Streets. ANAHEIM. DR. E. L. COWAN, DENTIST, HAS OPENED AN OFFICE in the upper part of Mrs. Maka's building, Los Angeles Street, Anaheim. Having had twenty years' experience, he can speak with confidence of his work. His scale of prices will be very low. He will be found in his office every day between the hours of 9 a.m. and 8 p.m. Robert W. Scott. Victor Montgomery. SCOTT & MONTGOMERY, ATTORNEYS AT LAW Probate Business a Specialty. ANAHEIM. Los Angeles County, Cal. R. W. SCOTT, NOTARY PUBLIC Commissioner of Deeds for Arizona Territory. SCOTT & MONTGOMERY'S OFFICE, Kroger's Block, Center Street, Anaheim. Bank of Anaheim, CAPITAL STOCK, $100,000.00. The Mound Builders. Mound builders' relics of singular interest and importance have been unearthed on the Cook farm, three miles south of Davenport, Iowa—nothing near so rich as Schliemann's Mycenae find, but as notable for this country. They are two small slabs, said to be of "coal"—which probably should be written "shale"—one about a foot square, the other about six inches, and both covered with inscriptions—on the larger, a religious ceremony, apparently the worship of fire, though possibly the preparation for a sacrifice. There are fourteen human figures surrounding a fire, with joined hands, while near the fire, on one side, is a dead body lying in a circle, and on the other side two such bodies. Two little circles to the right and left, above the figures, are supposed to represent the sun and moon. Surrounding the worshippers are small figures of birds and animals, crowding thickly in the space, and among them one suggesting the mastodon. On the smaller slab are three circles, one within the other. Between the inner circle and the middle one is a character at each of four equidistant points, and between the middle and outer circles are twelve characters arranged like the hour figures on a dial. Outside these circles, as all over the reverse sides of both slabs, are figures and signs which the learned men of the Davenport Academy of Science hope to be able to make some sense of. The only account we yet have of this discovery is a meagre and not very clearly-written newspaper paragraph; but it is stated that a full "scientific description" is shortly to be published by some of the aforesaid learned men. At present we only say that there may seem to be some intimation of kindred with the worship of the Aztecs, with whom theory generally tries to connect the Mound Builders. NOTICE. All owners of stock of any kind, horses cattle, sheep or hogs, are hereby cautioned against allowing their animals to range on the Stearns' Ranchos, without authority from Bank of Anaheim, CAPITAL STOCK, $100,000.00. S. H. MOTT PRESIDENT, B. F. SEIBERT, CASHIER. DIRECTORS. H. MABURY, E. F. SPENCE. B. F. SEIBERT, S. H. MOTT, O. S. WITHERBY. This Bank receives Deposits; Loans Money, Buys and Sells Exchange and Currency, makes Collections and transacts a General Banking Business. CORRESPONDENTS: Pacific Bank, San Francisco; First National Bank, New York. The Commercial Bank OF LOS ANCELES. AUTHORIZED CAPITAL, $300,000. J. E. HOLLENBECK President E. F. SPENCE, Cashier DIRECTORS: A. H. WILCOX, S. H. MOTT, I. LANKERSHIM, E. F. SPENCE, J. E. HOLLENBECK, O. S. WITHERBY, H. MABURY, W. WOODWORTH. NOTICE. All owners of stock of any kind, horses cattle, sheep or hogs, are hereby cautioned against allowing their animals to range on the Stearns' Ranchos, without authority from the undersigned, as they will be proceeded against for so doing, as trespassers, under No Fence Act. Under no circumstances will hogs be permitted to range on the said ranchos. All parties are also cautioned against cutting and removing from said rancho wood of any kind, either for firewood or fencing purposes, and are hereby notified that the section of the Trespass Law relative to such acts, will be rigidly enforced against them. J. K. TUFFREE. Accent for housing unsold lands on the Stearns' Ranchos for pasturage. Office in Langueberger's store, Centre street, Anaheim. B. DREYFUS & CO., Growers and Dealers in California Wines AND GRAPE BRANDIES. 45 BROADWAY. NEW YORK. STANDARD Fire Insurance COMPANY. Capital Stock, $5,000,000. One of the Soundest and most Reliable Companies doing business in the United States. RICHARD MELROSE. DIRECTORS: A. R. WILCOX, S. H. MOTT, L. LANKERSHIM, E. F. SPENCE, J. E. HOLLENBECK, O. S. WITHERBY, H. MABURY, W. WOODWORTH. THE BANK IS PREPARED TO RECEIVE DEPOSITS ON OPEN ACCOUNT, ISSUE CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT AND TRANSACT A GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS. COLLECTIONS MADE AND PROCEEDS REMITTED AT CURRENT RATE OF EXCHANGE. CAPITAL STOCK, $5,000,000. One of the Soundest and most Reliable Companies doing business in the United States. RICHARD MELROSE. Agent for Azaleim and vicinity. OFFICE...in OAZETTE Building. THE STEARNS' RANCHOS. ALFRED ROBINSON, Trustee. 120 Sutter St., San Francisco, California. EIGHTY THOUSAND ACRES OF LAND FOR SALE IN LOTS TO SUIT. SUITABLE FOR THE CULTURE OF ORANGES, LEMONS, LIMES, FIGS, ALMONDS, WALNUTS, APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, ALFalfa CORN, Rye, Barley, Sax, Ramie, Cotton, etc. Also many thousand acres of NATURAL EVERGREEN PASTURES suitable for dairying. Good water is abundant at an average depth of six feet from the surface. On almost every acre of this land flowing artesian wells can be obtained, and the more elevated portions can be irrigated by the water of the Santa Ana river. Most of these lands are naturally moist, requiring only good cultivation to produce crops. TERMS: One-fourth cash; balance in one, two or three years, with ten percent interest. I will take pleasure in showing these lands to parties seeking land who are invited to come and see this extensive tract before purchasing elsewhere. W. H. OLDEN, Auxerriaheim, Los Angeles Co.