anaheim-gazette 1872-06-15

Southern California. Publicity Daily Saturday. CHAS. A GARDNER. EDITOR and PROPRIETOR. OFFICE AT CORNER OF CENTER AND LOS ANGELES STREETS. TERMS For One Year (in advance.)...5 00 "Three"...5 00 "Two"...2 00 Business Cards O'MELVEY & HAZARD, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. OFFICE IN TEMPLE'S BLOCK. LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. Special attention given to business in U.S. MR. S. A. HAWKINS, DROSE MAKER, Center Street ANAHEIM MR. S. A. HIGGINS, MAJOR PHYSICIAN AND MIDWIFE. Particular attention given to diseases peculiar to cancer and childish. Office and Residence Center Street Anaheim. Business Cards Dr. W. H. MARDEN Office and Residence Corporation Angeles and Wilmington, CA ANAHEIM. B. A. PULLMAN, PAINTER AND PAPER-HANGER D. W. C. BROWN, DEMOCK & DROWN, CONTRACTORS and BUILDERS. Enter to their work. GEORGE BAUER BOOTS AND SHOES Made and repaired at the lowest cash price. All orders properly attended to, and work guaranteed. Center street, opposite the Brewery. PIONER DRUG STORE Center street corner entrance, near WM. M. HIGGINS, PROPRIETOR, DEALER IN Drugs, Perfumery and Garden Seeds. ROE & GARDEN, Dealers in HAVANA AND DOMESTIC CIGARS, TOBACCO, PIPES AND YANKEE NOTIONS, ALSO HATS AND CAPS. Adjoining the BLUE WING SALOON, LOS ANGELES. MRS. S. A. HAWKINS, Dress Maker, Center Street ANAHEIM MRS. A. HIGGINS, MAJOR PHYSICIAN AND MIDWIFE. Particular attention given to diseases peculiar to women and children. Office and Residence Center Lodge and Center streets Anaheim. DR. J. HARDINER, PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON Office (temporarily) at ENTERPRISE HALL, ANAHEIM. L. W. PRENCH, DENTIST. Main street Los Angeles, Cal. Office in Hellmans New Building, upstairs ANAHEIM LODGE NO. 199. I.O.F. REGULAR meetings of the above lodgers held in their Hall every Tuesday evening & clock PM. JXO P. ZEYN. R.S. ANAHEIM LODGE NO. 207. E. D. A. M. REGULAR MEETING Sat. urday of or succeeding the full moon in each month. THEO. REISEN, W.M. J. W. CLARK, Secretary. Are sequestrating buildings in good standing, are respectfully invited to attend. J. W. CLARK, JUSTICE OF THE PEACE. Land Agent and Conveyancers. Acknowledgments Taken. Office in Enterprise Hall Building, Anaheim. JOSEPH BERNERSCHIEFT, TIM AND COPPERSMITH. Center street Anaheim STOVES AND COFFEE ALWAYS ON HAND. SAMUEL WEYER, Crookery, Glassware, Lamps, Oil, Gas Fixtures, and Kitchen Utensils. COMMERCIAL STREET LOS ANGELES P. A. CLARK'S BOOK STORE, [Broadway the Southern California Office] ANAHEIM. A large department of SCHOOL BOOKS, BLANKS, STATIONERY, AND Miscellaneous Books. A Full Stock of Oligars and Tobacco. JAMES MELLUS, DEALER IN HAVANA AND DOMESTIC Cigars, Tobacco, Pipes, Yankee Notions, Etc. No 40 Main street, next to Blue Wing, Los Angeles. PIONNER DRUG STORE Center street corner laden with Anaheim WM. M. HIGGINS, PROPRIETOR, DEALER IN Drugs, Perfumery and Garden Seeds. ROE & GARDEN, Dealers in HAVANA AND DOMESTIC CIGARS, TOBACCO, PIPES AND YANKEE NOTIONS, also HATS AND CAPS. Adjoining the BLUE WING SALOON, LOS ANGELES. S.C. FOY. PIONNER SADDLE and HARNESS MAKEB. Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Saddlery, Leather and Findings No. 17. Los Angeles street Los Angeles. NEW YORK. BREWERY, CHRIS HENNE... Proprietor, 219 Main Street Los Angeles. The Best of Lager Always on Hand. D. DESMOND, HAT STORE, MAIN STREET LOS ANGELES. J. C. HILL, JR., Painter and General House Finisher. Palettes mixed in color and quantity to suit purchaser. Leave orders at SOUTHERN CALIFORNIAN office, Heinion & George's or Obed Maoy's. NEW YORK BREWERY. Anaheim Agency. Parties in Anaheim desiring to procure the excellent BEER manufactured at this establishment can do so by applying to Mr. TIMM BOEGE. Anaheim. City Hacks and Baronches. FOR THE ACCOMMODATION of the public, with careful drivers, always be on hand, at my stand, front of the Plaza House or Temple Book, Los Angeles. Parties taken to any part of the city, or parties conveyed to Pic Nic, or on pleasure or Business Excursions to any part of the surrounding country. L.GUNTHER, BOOT & SHOEMAKER, Los Angeles Street Anaheim A Good is Guaranteed. P. A. CLARK'S HOOK STORE, [Beneath the Southern California Office] ANAHEIM. A large department of SCHOOL BOOKS, BLANKS, STATIONERY, AND MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS. A pair stock of cigars and Tobacco. JAMES MELLUS, DEALER IN HAVANA AND DOMESTIC Cigars, Tobacco, Pipe, Yankee Notions, Etc. No 40 Main street, next to Blue Wing, Los Angeles. CARPET WAREHOUSE. Aaron Smith, IMPORTER AND DEALER IN Carpets, Oil Cloths, Paper Hangings and Upholstery Goods. No. 8, Commercial Street, Los Angeles, Cal. Carpets owned and put down neatly. BEDRO SIVAS, BARBERO (BARBER). Next to the French Restaurant, Los Anglo los street, ANAHEIM. F. SIGNORET, HAIR DRESSING SALOON. Main Street, corner of Arcadia, next to Gates Saloon, LOS ANGELES. J. A. McCONNELL. A. J. KING. MCCONNELL & KING, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Downey Block Main Street, LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA BREWERY, Seventh North street between Los Angeles and Lemon. ANAHEIM. F. CONRAI... Proprietor. The best liquor by bottle or keg always of good quality. L. GUNTHER, BOOT & SHOEMAKER, Los Angeles Street, Anahiem. A Good Guaranteed. NEW AND FASHIONABLE MILLINERY. MRS. ELDREDGE MILLINER. CENTER STREET... Anahiem. Rats and Donkeys made to Order. PHILIPP HAMMES, WATCH AND CHRONOMETER MAKER. Anahiem. All repairing manually done and warranted, at reasonable prices. Leave orders at the Store of Haimana & George. Also at residence corner Sycamore and Citron streets, or at the Post Office. INSURANCE! FIRE AND MARINE!! HOME MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, CHARTERED CAPITAL... $1,000,000 Principal Office and California street, San Francisco. THE UNDERSIGNED WILL TAKE BOTH FIRE and Marine risks at as low rates as any responsible Company. JOHN SECHER, Agent for Anahiem and Victality. Of the Probable Cause of Earthquakes. Written for the Southern Californian by T. Gand. Although a satisfactory solution of the cause of earthquakes would practically amount to nothing, as to their prevention, still it would be some satisfaction to trace effect to its legitimate cause. And to this end it may be stated as true that the portions of the earth most subject to this kind of disturbance are mountainous in character. It then follows that the topography of a country has something to do in producing the mysterious cause; and without discussing the electric or volcanic theories; we will substitute the aquatic theory and assume that the action of water in ninety-nine hundredths of instances is the cause of earthquakes. During the past winter there has fallen on the Pacific Coast, an amount of rain varying from five inches in San Diego county, to ninety-six in Shasta county, an average of more than four feet of solid water. What has become of this vast subsequent to the coal-forming period. At Lapalte, on the Illinois river, a vein of coal is being worked that underlies the bed of the river two hundred feet, which proves that not only the river-bed has been formed since the coal period, but a deposit of that amount with an added amount of a hundred feet or more, which forms the bluff on each side of the river. The evidences then seem to be conclusive that in a past period of the earth's history there were no rivers, but at a later period they put in an appearance. The query now comes up, how was this brought about? There are but two ways possible for this to have occurred. One is that, after the natural basins were filled up (this was in the coal-forming period) one at a high elevation broke over its rim and discharged into another of a lower elevation, thus causing it to break its boundaries, and so on, dropping from a higher to a lower elevation to at last reach the ocean level, and in this way, in process of time, cut time collapsed, forming beds and their accompany leys. Thirty years ago R. Owen, from a number of a coal field at Shawneetown, and immediately on river bottom, cut some of coal varying from four feet in thickness, field, according to his ped towards the Ohio fifteen to thirty degrees as he approached the river diately adjoining this what is properly the Ohio bottom, he found ponding veins of coal asley, and at corresponding apart, and all lying in or natural position. No the most practicable That the coal of the valley that the bluff was and The upheaval must have southern portion of Illinois southern portion of Kentucky. In the south of the State of Missouri. the aquatic theory and assume that the action of water in ninety-nine hundredths of instances is the cause of earthquakes. During the past winter there has fallen on the Pacific Coast an amount of rain varying from five inches in San Diego county, to ninety-six in Shasta county, an average of more than four feet of solid water. What has become of this vast amount of water? No one can or does suppose for a moment that this vast body of water has found its way to the ocean level through the beds of rivers. On the Pacific slope there are but three streams that make their way to the ocean entitled to the dignity of rivers—the Colorado, Sacramento and the Columbia. These rivers, with the exception of a few insignificant coast streams, drain so far as external appearances indicate, the western slope of the continent of North America, from latitude forty six down to thirty-two. Contrast the difference in the number and volume of the rivers on the Atlantic slope draining an area equal to that drained by the Pacific rivers—the Mississippi with its twenty tributaries, any of which nearly equal in magnitude the Pacific rivers, though not draining so large an area of territory—and the conviction is irresistible that most of the water that falls on the Pacific slope finds its way to the ocean by subterranean channels. It is not probable that our river beds had an existence in an early period of the earth's history. Take for instance the coal-forming period, as that forms better data for a starting point, and is probably the commencement of an era immediately after some great disturbing cause, which left the earth's crust in chaotic confusion, and ante-dating, as the evidences prove, the existence of our present superfoidal water drains. The waters that fell at that time dropped into natural basins, forming lakes, some of them at greater and some at less elevations. The vegetation which grew on the earth at that time—a period perhaps of many thousands of years—dropped possible for this to have occurred. One is that, after the natural basins were filled up (this was in the coal-forming period) one at a high elevation broke over its rim and discharged into another of a lower elevation, thus causing it to break its boundaries, and so on, dropping from a higher to a lower elevation to at last reach the ocean level, and in this way, in process of time, cut down our river beds and their accompanying valleys. The other is that, immediately after the disturbance which ushered in the coal era, the earth began to absorb a portion of the water that fell in rains at elevations of from one to fifteen thousand feet above the ocean level, percolating crevices and cavities in the rocks, and thus held and confined under the enormous pressure of ten or fifteen thousand feet, finally cut a passage to the ocean, thousands of feet below the earth's outer crust, and discharging the displaced material perhaps hundreds of miles from the shore line. The city of St. Louis stands on a bed of limestone one thousand feet or more in thickness. This was proven by the boring, at Belcher's sugar refinery, of a well, many years ago. This well was sunk about three hundred feet from the Miesisippi, and not more than thirty or forty feet above low water mark. No water came to the surface until after having gone entirely through the limestone formation, it then came to the surface, increasing in volume until a depth of twenty-three hundred feet was reached, when the work was abandoned. All this boring, except the first, or limestone formation, was of soft material, easily carried off by currents even under a light pressure. Later, in the same city, while boring for water, at a depth of twenty-three hundred feet, a cavity was reached, where the auger went down five hundred feet without any obstruction. This limestone formation on which the city of St. Louis stands, extends from Southern Illinois through Missouri, and far out into Kansas and Nebraska. The ley, and at corresponding apart, and all lying in or natural position. No the most practicable thing like a small river ground, is unknown. The fall in this section of coarse pear, but make their ap-lower elevations as the thers: the Merrimac, Pineade, Black, White and Sall of which may proper ed rivers where they owe the foot of the bluffs this range. It was immediate of this ridge that the east for many leagues in ex-time of the earthquake Now is it not probable that terranean water channel their source in the Ozark verging and finally a great underground away the superstructure a collapse of many miles in of which produced thie ble earthquake of 1811. No person who was ever hay of San Francisco aroundings, can come to conclusion than that it by a collapse caused by superstructure. The wa Sacramento and its tribut their way to the ocean sands of years before a trace of their course been known, but in pro-this silent and irresistible ed a vast subterranean o finally fell in, and that depth below the ocean formed the bay of San and this could not have many centuries back, ot sand deposits of the and its tributaries would there is abundant evidence that our rivers have been formed since the coal-forming period, as at the Mississippi river at St. Louis, and the bluffs on the opposite side where the out-apart of a six-feet vein of coal is found on each side the Mississippi, on the same level at Shawneetown, on the Ohio, the same thing occurs, and at many other points on the Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri, Wahash and Illinois rivers all quadrupling incontestible evidence by a show of the same veins of coal on each side of these river beds, that their existence dates long material, easily carried on by currents even under a light pressure. Later, in the same city, while boring for water, at a depth of twenty-three hundred feet, a cavity was reached, where the anger went down five hundred feet without any obstruction. This limestone formation on which the city of St. Louis stands, extends from Southern Illinois through Missouri, and far out into Kansas and Nebraska. The Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri and many of their tributaries have their beds formed in this solid limestone formation from two to four hundred feet above low water mark—depth of channel added—which at St. Louis, by soundings taken on the ice in 1864, was found to be sixty feet to the sand of river bed, and not to the solid material which still underlies that at an uncertain depth. Now it is possible for the action of frosts and currents to have cut down in the lapse of time, valleys and river beds to the foot line, but to have cut them out fifty or a hundred feet below low water mark would have been absolutely impossible. The other theory then is the only tenable one; that the waters of the interior of the continent, sinking in the sands and rocks, and filtering down oceanward, and under a back pressure of thousands of feet, searched out channels under the solid material which in many places forms the outside crust of the earth, cutting subterranean channels hundreds of feet in depth, miles in width and thousands in length, and which in trace of their course been known, but in proof this silent and irresistible a vast subterranean oceans finally fell in, and that depth below the ocean formed the bay of San Francisco and this could not have many centuries back, other sand deposits of the Pacific and its tributaries would it up, forming a sand plains river bed for the passage waters to the ocean. No one who has ever Dalles, on the Columbia moment suppose that they cut its way through the range of mountains, ex subterranean channel; up waters back of this raid either have found their Pacific ocean in a higher else by way of the north to the Atlantic. It is a notable fact that great rivers of the continent their sources near the sea the heart of the continental forty and forty-six degrees—the Mississippi, Flatte, Arkansas, Rio Grande, and both heads of Ohio, and there is now no continent of any gulf but what has a visible ocean except Salt Lake is a fact corroborated by sons that Salt Lake has feet since the settlement valley by the Mormons the lake has every of having been a body o the collapsed, forming our river and their accompanying valleys. Thirty years ago Robert Dale seen from a number of borings in coal field at Shawneetown, in Illinois, and immediately on the Ohio river bottom, cut some fifteen veins varying from one inch to four feet in thickness. This coal, according to his report, towards the Ohio river from seven to thirty degrees, increasing in approach the river. Immediately adjoining this valley, and that is properly the bluffs of the Ohio bottom, he found the corresponding veins of coal as in the valleys and at corresponding distances apart, and all lying in a horizontal natural position. Now which is most practicable conjecture? That the coal of the valley sunk, or that the bluff was an upheaval? The upheaval must have been the northern portion of Illinois and the southern portion of the State of Kentucky. In the southern portion the State of Missouri and reach- great depth at a period in the past, and the probability in that under a pressure of a thousand feet or more of water, a subterranean channel, at some period of the past, has drained it of its waters. The channel their having become choked up, the lake is now gradually filling up, and will in time accumulate producing force sufficient to re-open the channel; and this obb and flow will go on until Salt Lake Valley, like all other portions of the continent, will have a visible outlet to the ocean. The dilemma naturally presents itself as to what has become of the vast amount of material that formed what once lay under our river beds and their valleys. If they had been worn down and carried off by currents above ground, they would have formed immense plains of mud and sand at the outlet of the streams that carried them to the ocean. But if carried off by underground channels it may have been taken hundreds of miles under solid formations of granite or limestone and dropped in deep sea soundings, and as there and their valleys. If they had been worn down and carried off by currents above ground, they would have formed immense plains of mud and sand at the outset of the streams that carried them to the ocean. But if carried off by underground channels it may have been taken hundreds of miles under solid formations of granite or limestone and dropped in deep sea soundings, and as there is but little evidence of the first contingency, there is strong probability of the latter. It is not necessary to say a word about the force of water under a high pressure. An inch of water under a head of twelve feet will more than equal the strength of the stoutest man. What then would be the force of a great underground river having its source twelve thousand feet above the ocean level, confined and pent up by solid walls of rock? It is beyond computation, and is a ready solution of the mystery of earthquakes. The falling of a large tree, one end of which is on the ground, will produce a miniature earthquake that will be plainly felt for half a mile in all directions. What then would be the effect of the fall of a thousand, ten thousand, or a million tone of earth and rocks, a hundred or five hundred feet, as in the cavity found in boring at the city of St. Louis? Such immense masses falling such immense distances, would produce all that has ever been realized in the way of earthquakes. One mass falling loosens another, and that in turn another, and so on it goes for thirty hours, as at Loud Pine a few months back. A Great Canal. Under the above head, the Kern Co. Courier tells us of a great irrigating project that is now on foot and for which engineers are examining the country. The Courier says: They propose to begin near Antioch, and run a canal along the foot of the Monte Diablo and Coast Range of mountains south to the mouth of Tejon Cañon; thence around northward along Sierra foot hills, through Kern, Tulare, Fresno... of their course could have been known, but in process of time insistent and irresistible force formed vast subterranean cavern which fully fell in, and that to a great depth below the ocean level and entered the bay of San Francisco, this could not have happened by centuries back, otherwise the deposits of the Sacramento River its tributaries would have filled up, forming a sand plain, except ever bed for the passage of their waters to the ocean. No one who has ever been at the sites on the Columbia can for a moment suppose that the Columbia River its way through the Cascade Range of mountains, except by a merranian channel; for the pent waters back of this range would never have found their way to the Pacific ocean in a higher latitude, or by way of the northern lakes of the Atlantic. It is a notable fact that all the rivers of the continent have sources near the same point in heart of the continent—between forty-six degrees of latitude—the Mississippi, Missouri, state, Arkansas, Rio Grande, Colorado, and both heads of the Columbia and there is now no portion of continent of any great extent what has a visible outlet to the non-except Salt Lake Valley. It fact corroborated by divers per se that Salt Lake has risen four miles since the settlement of that city by the Mormons, and that lake has every appearance having been a body of water of Under the above head, the Kern Co. Courier tells us of a great irrigating project that is now on foot and for which engineers are examining the country. The Courier says: They propose to begin near Antioch, and run a canal along the foot of the Monte Diablo and Coast Range of mountains south to the mouth of Tejon Cañon; thence around northward along Sierra foot hills, through Kern, Tulare, Fresno, Mariposa, Merced, Stanislaus, Tuolumne, San Joaquin, Calaveras, Sacramento, El Dorado, Placer, Nevada, Yuba, Butte and Tehama to Shasta; thence around the head waters of the Sacramento river, and south through Tehama, Colusa, Yolo and Solano to the bay opposite to Antioch; thus completely surrounding the great valley of California with a stream of water of more intrinsic value than its cubic equivalent in gold. To assure a constant supply they propose to construct reservoirs at every practical point in the mountains, thus husbanding the surplus that annually runs to waste, and deal it out in quantities, and at times as required. Russia has a magnificent plan on foot—the joining of the Caspian and Black Seas by a canal 400 miles long, which it will require six years to finish. This will open a channel for commerce to the heart of the Empire; it will enable Russia to concentrate greater military strength on the shores of the Caspian; within 500 miles of the Persian Gulf; and it will replenish the now gradually subsiding waters of the inland sea. Adelina Patti, now the Marquise de Caux, was once a ball starved, barefooted girl in the streets of New York.